US1726606A - Furnace - Google Patents

Description

M. APPEL FURNACE Sept. 3, 1929.

Filed Oct. 28. 1921 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR 1710629@ Appel.

ATTORNEY Patented Sept. 3, 1929.

MOSES APPEL, OF J OHN STOWN, PENNSYLVANIA.

FURNACE.

Application tiled October 28, 1921. Serial No. 511,224.

My invention relates to the construction of furnaces with special reference to means for regulating the gas and air entrance, their flow therein and for providing a larger outlet area to allow the products of combustion to escape from the furnace with ease and without causing undue back pressure, thereby promoting combustion and speedy operation.

My invention is particularly applicable to furnaces which are heated with gas, such as producer gas, blast furnace gas, coke oven gas or other distillate gases, and is especially adapted to furnaces of the regenerative or recuperative types, which are provided with gas and air ports in each end.

I provide gas ports and air ports at either end which connect with the ilues or channels leading to the slag pockets and thence to the regenerators. The furnace is also provided with the usual regulating valves for gas and air admission and reversing valves to reverse the flow of gases therein, but I have not illustrated these features, as any of the usual appliances and arrangements may be used in connection with my invention.

I provide a gas port or a number of gas ports at each end of the furnace and also an air port or a number of the same at the same end, and these preferably enter the furnace in an upright manner. Above the openings of the ports I provide what I call valve defiectors, the bodies of which may be of metal and water cooled and mounted on a stem which projects upwardly and outwardly from the furnace and is provided with any means for operating the same in order to regulate the size of and openings of the ports, partially or wholly as may be desired.

At the entrance my deflector valves may be adjusted so as to control the iiow of gases into the furnace and cause them to mix thoroughly in the combustion chamber, and at the outgoing ends the similar deflector valves o may be raised higher to give a full and free opening to readily conduct the products of combustion away from the furnace. The inlet gases are thereby easily controlled as may be necessary to produce the best mixture, quantities and combustion, while the outlet is sufficiently open and of large size to permit the products of combustion to pass easily out of the furnace. This allows a large amount of gases to be used in the furnace and causes it to work freely and the products of combustion to be readily discharged without throttling or difliculty as 1n prior types.

Although my construction is adapted to any'type of furnace I have, for ease of illustration and description, shown it herein as applied to an open hearth steel melting furnace.

Having thus given a general description of my invention, I will now, in order to make the matter lmore clear, refer to the annexed two sheets of drawings, which form part of this specification, and in which like characters refer to like parts.

Figure l is a horizontalsectional elevation of the top portion of a furnace illustrating the application of my invention, taken on the line I-I of Figure 2; Figure 2 is a vertical longitudinal sectional elevation of that portion shown in Figure l, taken on the line `II-II of Figure l; Figure 3 is a vertical transverse sectional elevation taken on the line III- III of Figure l; Figure 4 is a vertical transverse sectional elevation showing a modified form of my invention taken on the line IV-IV of Figure 5, and Figure 5 is a horizontal sectional elevation taken on the line V-'-V of Figure 4.

Referring 'now to the characters of reference on the drawings :-'1 indicates the furnace as awhole, 2 the hearth thereof, and 3 is the furnace roof. l 4 is the mixing and primary combustion chamber of the furnace in which the air and ygas are first mixed and begin their coriibustion prior to entrance into the larger body'of the furnace; the air ports and passages are, the gas ports and passages are 6 and 7 is the air regenerator or slag pockety 'dr "Hue leading thereto. 8 is the gas regenerator or slag pocket or flue leading to the gas regenerator. I also provide boxes 9 and '10 at the ends and sides of the ends of the furnace, which are made of metal and hollow and provided with water supply pipes (not shown) for the purpose of supplying cooling fluid in order to protect the ends ofv the furnace walls from fusion or destruction from the heat. I provide defiector valves 11, the body portion 12 of which may be in the form of a hollow box, which may be water cooled, the water supply and outlet thereto being carried through the hollow stem 16 in any customary manner (not shown). I may also provide an arch of refractory material or brick 13 on the underside of the deflector valve and a similar arch or layer of Lrefractory material on top of the deflector valve 14 to protect it.

As illustrated in Figure 2 of the drawings, 15 is the space between the lower side of the delector valve 11 and the port-s 5 and 6 of the furnace, and this space may be regulated by raising or lowering the deflector valve by means of the stem 16, which projects outwardly of the furnace and may be connected to any means for raising, lowering and holding the same. In case the de-{lector p lates are long I may provide two stems as illustrated in Figure '1 of the drawings.

In Figures 1, 2 and 3 I only show one deflector valve 11, which controls the gas port and which extends over the ends ofthe two air ports as illustrated, while in Figures 4 and 5 I provide a separate gas deflector valve 17 and two separate air deflector valves 20 over the air ports. The space between the gas deilector valve 17 and the gas port 1s indicated as 18, and the space between the air deflector valves 2O and the air port is represented as 21. I also provide the de- Hector valve 17 with the stems 19, each of which may be lifted or lowered, and by means of which water is supplied to and delivered from the water-cooled body of the deflector valve. The air deflector valves 2O are also provided with similar stems 22.

It will be noted from the construction of Figures l1 and 5 that the gas and air entrance passages 18 and 21 may be independently regulated in order to `provide the best mixture, proportions and speed for combustion.

Then gases are issuing into the furnace through the ports and past the deflector valves as illustrated, these deflector plates may be raised or lowered to provide the best mixture, while the corresponding valves at the other end of the furnace are raised up to or near the roof of the furnace so as to provide free outlet of the products of combustion and to protect the valves from the outgoing heat.

By means of my arrangement the flow of gases through the furnace is more rapid than heretofore customary, and at the same time the mixture of incoming air and gas is so thorough that complete and quick combination or combustion of the same is effected and with this speed produces a quick-working furnace.

In my invention the sizes of the entrance openings through which the air and gas enter the furnace may be regulated by moving the deflector valves either closer or farther away from the openings to provide the best and most economical mixture for combustion, and to regulate the quantities of each as they are introduced, and at the same time the deflector valves at the other end of the furnace may be raised to any extent desired to provide quick exit for the products of combustion, thereby permitting a large amount of hot burning gases to pass through in quick time, which conduces to the speed of operation. My deflector valves are also so arranged that they may practically close the port openings if desired.

By means of my arrangement 'the excess of air ordinarily introduced for the complete combustion of the gases can be reduced in quantity, thus providing an increased heat eiiiciency. Another advantage of my construction is that the arrangement of the deflector valves is at the ends of the furnace, thereby not encroaching on the hearth, which thereby provides a maximum length of combustion chamber allowing complete combustion of gases and delivery of heat therefrom lto the charge on which they operate.

Although I have shown and described my invention in considerable detail, I do not wish to be limited to the exact and specific details thereof, as shown and described, but may use such modifications in, substitutions for, or equivalents thereof as are embraced within the scope of my invention, or as pointed out in the claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patents is 1. In a reversing furnace provided with gas and air ports at each end thereof, defiectors arranged adjacent to the mouths of said ports and provided with means for adjusting their position with respect to said openings,

2. A reversing furnace provided with gas and air ports at each end thereof, deflectors adjacent to the port openings, and provided with means for raising, lowering and holding the same in a predetermined relation to the port openings.

3. A reversing gas-fired furnace provided with upwardly opening air and gas ports at each end thereof, deilectors arranged above the openings of said ports, and means for raising, lowering and holding said deflectors in position.

4. In a reversing furnace, provided with air and gas ports debouching in an upward manner into the combustion chambers at the ends of the furnace, water-cooled deflector valves arranged over the port openings, and provided with means for adj usting their positions with respect to the port openings.

5. In a reversing furnace, provided with air and gas ports arranged respectively to discharge air and gas upwardly into a chamN ber in the furnace end, of means including a deflector within said chamber for delecting an upwardly directed stream, said deflector being horizontally disposed and adjustably supported by means extending downwardly through an aperture in the furnace roof.

6. In a reversing furnace, provided with air and gas ports disposed, respectively, to

discharge air and gas upwardly into a chamber in the furnace end, of means including a deflector within said chamber for deflecting an upwardly directed stream from a vertical, into a substantially horizontal, direction, said delector comprising a horizontally disposed water cooled member the lower surface of which is arched in a vertical plane and which is provided with downwardly projecting abutments adjacent the margins of said arched surface whereby a protective coating of refractory brick may be retained below said surface.

In witness whereof I hereunto affix my signature.

MOSES APPEL.

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