US1712463A - Hydrocarbon motor - Google Patents

Description

May 7, 1929. L.. M. wooLsoN I v HYDROCARBON MGTOR Fild Aug. 15

I N VEN TOR. [fo/zel if.' l/o/fofr,

TTORNEY.

Patented May 7, 1929.

y UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LIONEL M. 'WOOLSON, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO PACKARD MOTOR CAR COMPANY, OF DETROIT, MICHIGAN, A CORPORATION OF MICHIGAN.

HYDROCARBON MOTOR.

Application led August 15, 1921. Serial No. 492,266.

This invention relates to hydrocarbon motors and particularly to means for supplying mixture to the motor and for heating the mixture.

5, One of the objects of the present invention is to provide a hydrocarbon motor with a simple and eflicient form of combustion heater, one which may be readily installed upon a motor already built, and one which will lo take upl very little room on the motor.

Another-object of the invention is to provide vmixture withdrawing means for a combustion heater so arranged that the best mixture for the purpose may be obtained i throughout a rather wide range of throttle opening.

Other objects .of the invention will appear from the following description taken in connection with the drawings which form a part of this speciication, and in which:

Fig. 1 is a vertical section through a portion of a hydrocarbon motor embodying the invention;

Fig. 2 isa vertical transverse section on the line 2-2 of Fig. 1; and

F ig. 3 is a vertical section approximately on the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings, represents a, cylinder block of a hydrocarbon motor, which block may com rise several cylinders or in some cases possibly Vonly one cylinder. The intake conduit or passage of the cylinder block is indicated at 11.

A carburetor of the type used on the Hud# Y son motor is indicated at 12 and it cornprises the usual air intake 13, a gasoline or fuel nozzle 14, and a movable valve 15 which regulates both the air passage and the opening of the 0asoline nozzle. This valve is 1n the form o a piston 16 closed at its upper end and sliding on a block 17 and within a cylinder 18. There is a through passage 19 in the block 17 and the size of this passage is regulated by the rise and fall of the pisu, ton 16. As the piston rises the air passage increases in size and thus permits more air to pass through the carburetor over the nozzle 14. It is shown in the drawing in its lowest position. A needle valve 2() having a tapered groove 21 is secured to the piston 16 and isy raised and lowered by 1t. The valve 26 enters the nozzle 14 and thus regulates the nozzle opening in accordance with the size of the air passage 19.

The piston 16 is controlled by the depression in the passage at the left of the piston 1n the drawing, a connecting passage 22 between the cylinder 18 and the passage 23 above referred to making this control possible. It will be understood that the greater the depression inthe passage 23 the higher will be the position of the piston 16.

The passage 23 is shown in direct line with the intake passage l1 of the cylinder block and these two passages are connected by an intermediate passage 24 so that the passages 11, 24 and 23 may be said to form the intake conduit' or passage of the motor.

The through passage 24 is formed in a casting 25 which also comprises the combustion heater for the motor. In this casting is a chamber 26 which surrounds the through passage 24 and which communicates with said passage through a port 27 arranged in the upper part of the chamber. Thus the suction of the motor intake conduit is communicated to the combustion chamber 26. The intake end of the chamber 26 is indicated at 28, in Fig. 2, and this also is in the upper part of the casting, a partition 29 separating the ends of the chamber so that all of the gases passing through the chamber are required to pass down around the walls of the passage 24 and upwardlyv again to the outlet passage 27, thus providing the greatest amount of heat for the walls of the passage 24. A partition 30 of which the bolt 31 forms a part is also provided to insure the gas passing well down to the bottom of the chamber 26 and thus withdrawing any liquid fuel that may at times condense in the chamber. A spark plug 32 is provided for firing the charge as it enters the combustion chamber.

The carburetor 12 and the casting or spacer 25 are secured directly' to the cylinder block by two bolts 31 and 33, as shown particularly in Figs. 1 and 2. These bolts, as shown, pass through the combustion chamber 26 and thereby assist in carrying the heatfrom the chamber to the surrounding walls which enclose the mixture. The bolts are preferably in the form of studs threaded into the cylinder block and nuts 34 are threaded on their outer ends as the parts `are arranged in place.

For the best operation of the combustion heater it is desirable that a mixture as near as possible to fifteen parts of air to one of gasoline should be withdrawn from the motor intake conduit. In the arrangement of the 'carburetor and the passages above described it has been found that the best mixture is obtained at a point somewhat below the middle of the intake conduit, when the throttle valve is substantially closed, and a little higher up as the valve is opened. This discovery has led to the withdrawing of'the mixture for the combustion heater through the throttle valve itself so that the inlet opening of the mixture withdrawing means will move with the throttle valve. port is also substantially in accord with the raising and lowering of the air control valve 15 and the combination of devices provides the combustion heater with a substantially perfect mixture at all throttle openings in which it is effective. In this case it will be understood that the combustion heater has little or no operation will full throttle opening because practically all of the mixture will then pass directly through the intake conduit and substantially none of it will be drawn into the combustion chamber, the depression in the intake conduit being the same on both sides of the throttle valve.

The motor throttle valve is indicated at 35 and it is arranged in the passage 23 between the piston 16 and the spacer 25. This part of the passage is very short and must necessarily be so in order that the carburetor may not extend away too farfrom the motor. The arrangement of the mixture withdrawing means, which is about to be described, in the throttle valve itself makes a very compact construction and does not require the lengthening of this part of the intake passage.

The throttle valve 35 is of the-butterfly type and is diagonally arranged when it is in its closed position. It is shown nearly closed in Figs. 1 and 3, small passages for the mixture being indicated at 36 and 37, between the periphery of the throttle valve and the upper and lower Walls of the intake conduit.

The butteriy valve is mounted on a spindle 38 which extends through the wall of the conduit and may be manually controlled in the usual way. The free end of the spindle, as shown in Fig. 3, extends into an elbow casting 39 which is secured to the side of the conduit as by one or more screws 40, and a pipe 41 extends from the elbow 39 to the intake end of the combustion chaml ber 26 as shown in the three figures of the drawings.

The spindle 38 of the throttle valve is drilled out as shown at 42 in Figs. 1 and 3, and transverse passages 43 extend from the passage 42, forming inlet ports for the mixture. The drilled passage 42 of course communicates with the interior of the pipe 41 and-thus the mixture withdrawn from the This movement of the inletv conduit 23 passes through the passages 43 and 42 and through the pipe 41 into the combustion chamber 26 where itis ignited by the s ark plug 32. The burnt gas asses outwardly through the port 27 into t e in# take conduit 24 and then mixes with the main volume of intake gases passing to the motor, heating those gases by direct contact with them.

.As the throttle valve 35 is opened slightly from the position in which it is shown in Fig. 1, the inlet ports 43 are raised slightly so that they are nearer the middle of the intake pipe and at all times they are in a position to. withdraw mixture from the two streams passing above and below the throttle valve, the upper stream usually being thinner or containing too great a roportion of air and the lower stream being richer or containing too much fuel. At the point where the mixture is withdrawn for the combustion heater the proportions are substantially right for ignition.

It will be understood that various forms of the invention other than those described above may be used without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with the cylinder having an intake passage, of a combustion heater comprising a casting having a horizontal through passage connecting with the said intake passage, said castin also having a chamber surrounding said t rough passage with inlet and outlet ports in the upper part of said chamber, means for supplying mixture to said chamber, and means within said chamber for 105 causing the gas passing through the chamber to pass well down to the bottom of the chamber and thereby withdrawing any liquid fuel that may collect.

2. In a hydrocarbon motor, a combustion 11o heater comprising a casting having a through passage for the motor intake Gases, a combustion chamber surrounding said passage, and securing bolts extending through said combustion chamber.

3. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with the motor intake conduit, and a throttle valve therein, of a combustion heater device, and means for withdrawing mixture from said conduit to supply said device, 12o said means being movable with said throttle valve.

4. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with the motor intake conduit, of a combustion heater, and a throttle valve having 125 an intake ort for the combustion heater.

5. In a lydrocarbon motor, the combination with the motor intake conduit, of a combustion heater therefor, and a throttle valve having means carried thereby for with- 130 drawing part of the mixture from the con- 4 duit for supplying said heater.

6. Inv a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with the motor intake conduit, of a lthrottle valve therein having means, inaddi-4 tion to the passage which the valve controls,

` for withdrawing part of the mixture from xau said conduit.

7. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination vof a motor intake conduit, of a butterfly throttle `valveI therein having mixture lwithdrawing means in' the\valve itself in additionyuto the controls.` y v 8. In a hydrocarbon motor, thecombination with the motor intake conduit, and a combustion heater, of a butterily throttle valve in said conduit and an intake means in said throttle valve `for supplying said heater.

passage which theI valve 9. In. a hydrocarbon motor, the combina` tion with the intake conduit, of a throttle yvalve therein Aarranged to control two streams of mixture, and mixture withdrawing means arranged'between the paths of sald streams.

10. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with the intake conduit, of a throttle valve therein arranged to control two streams of mixture, and mixture withdrawing means in the throttle valve. and between the paths of said streams.

11. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination of a motor intake conduit, of a butterfly throttle valve therein, so arranged that when it is in its nearly closed position-the mixture is divided and part of it passes on one side of the-laxisbf the valve and part of it on the other side thereof, and mixture withdrawing means arranged to withdraw vmixture from afpoint in the zone of the divided mixture.

12. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with `a combustion heater,V of a throttle valve for the motor'and mixture withdrawin f means for the heater arranged in the axls ofA the throttle valve. 13. In a hydrocarbon motor, the combination with the motor throttle valve, and a combustion heater, of mixture withdrawing meansfor the combustion heater movable with thel throttle valve.

slightly below the middle of the intake conduit when the throttle valve is' closed and `substantially in the middle ofthe conduit when the throttle valve is nearly wide open. In testimony whereof I'atiix. my signature.

LIONEL M.- wooLsoN.

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