US1710011A - Piston - Google Patents

Description

April 23, 1929. c. s. BURNETT 1,710,011

PISTON Filed Feb. 8, 1929 2 Shets-Sheet INVENTUR farzsdBurnefZ ATronmsv.

April 3, 19 c. s. BURNETT 1,710,011

Czar/es Borne ZZZ Patented Apr. 23, 1929.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

PISTON.

Application filed February a, 1929. Serial No. 338,502.

(GRANTED UNDER TH E'ACT OEMARCI-I 3, 1883, 118 AMENDED APRIL 30, 1928; 370 0. G. 757.)

This invention described herein may be manufactured and used by or for the Government for governmental purposes, withoutthe payment to me of any royalty thereon.

This invention relates top'istons but more p'articularlyit is directed to a piston having a (.lemountable head which is utilized to facilitate the removal of apiston ring, it is also directed to various coordinating features which will be hereinafter set forth in the specifications and claims.

Une object of the invention is to provide a removable piston head beneath which a piston ring may be retained, and to provide means for preventing the loosening or detachment of said head due tothe reciprocating movement of the piston orthe vibrations of the engine, and also to provide a piston head which will retain a ring and hold compression Within the cylinder regardless of cracking or splitting Off the piston skirt. 1

Another object of the invention is to pr0- vide a pistonhead which is so constructed as to permit the entrance of gas to the interior of the piston ring and thusexpand said ring against the wall of the cylinder. The advantage of a predetermined pressure thus gained being ll'lillllllilllled throughout the'life of the ring. I

Still another obj ectof the invention is that the ring is fitted into that portion of the piston nearest the cylinder head thuseliecting stoppage of the passage of gasat the most advantageous point.

Briefly stated this invent'ion 'comprises a piston having a removable head in which are cut openings for the admission of gas to the interior and upper surfaces ofthe adjacent piston ringin order to expand: the same against the cylinder Wall. I

-Referring more particularly to the ac companying drawings in which corresponding parts are indicated by similar reference characters. j f

Figure #1 is an isometric sectional view 101' the piston assembly, the section being taken through the head in such a manner as to show the construction of the slotted openings in the'head, and also to show a portion of the head where no slotted opening is lo cated.

Figure #2 shows a fragmentary section of V p I to accommodate itself to similar threads the Piston, cut centrally. I t

Figure #3 shows a modification of the piston, in which the space for the reception of the lower legof the angular piston rin is cut from the body of the piston and not from the head.

Figures 1, and #5 and #6 show several of the different modifications in the construction of piston, rings which may be utilized on the piston set forth in this invention.

Figure '#7 shows a plan view of the cylinder head. I

Figure #8 shows a side elevation of the cylinder head.

Inthe illustrated embodiment characterizing this invention the numeral 1,designates the main body of the cylinder, 2 the skirt of the cylinder, 3 the hub, and 1 the connecting rod. The numeral 5 designates the cylinder head having slotted open1ngs,6 which extend the entire depth thereof, and 7 indicates a circumferential cut around the head to ac-- connnodate the contour of the piston ring. The pistonring which is designated by the numeral 81in Figures 1, 2, and 3, is shown to have the shape of a right angle, but in Figures 41, 5, and 6, the piston rings 13, 14 and 15 respectively, have other contours, such as an equilateral triangle, a right triangle, and a rectangle. However these areonly a few modifications in the shape of the piston ring,

sincethe head and thecylinder maybe cut to accon'nnodate any shape ring which will perform the functions desired. Itwill be noticed in Figures 1, 2, 5, and 6, that only the cylinder, head is cut away to accommodate the contour of the ring; whereas, in Figures 3, and l, both the cylinder head and the body of the cylinder itself are circumferentially 'cut to accommodate the rings.

Thecircumferential slots 6 are cut radially with their inner walls 9 sloping outward from the center of the head as they approach the adjacent surface 11 of the body of, the piston which'underlies the head. The purpose of thus sloping theinner walls 9 is to admit the gas to contactwith the piston rings in such a direction that it will cause an outward as ;well as a downward pressure uponthe piston ring and expand the same against the cylinder wall, and also force it downward on its seat. 3

Fromthe bottom of the cylinder head projects an. eccentric portion12 which is threaded tapped in an eccentrically drilled portion of screwing of the head, from the cylinder body due to reciprocate y motion of the piston orthe vibrationof the engine as stated above.

In assembl ng the piston it is only necessary to place the ring upon the body of the including: an eccentrically mounted boss proopening cylinder and screw on the head un il the desired tightness ohtainei'l and the circumferential surfaces of the head and piston body coincide so that the pistonniay he slid within the cylinder, i V

As shown in the illustrations, a clearance 16 is allowed between thepiston .andthe ring to permit, the entrance of pas, so that the pressure thereof wiilexei't forces downwardly and outwardly upon the piston press the same against the-cylinder w ing various strokes in the cycle of the engine. f V 7 g i lVhilemyinvention particulai l I to'be applied to internal coi 'ibiis ion engines of any" cycle, it wiil be readly u'nde stood that it'inay be applied to otlierapparatus such as cylinders of steam engines and pumps and used for other purposes than he in 'bed, and that the arrangements and structural details of my device may be considerably Varied froni wl at has been shown and described without altering themode ofopcration or de parting from the spirit and scope of the inve ition. I

,Hai'ing described my invention, what I claim new and wish to secure by Letters Patent is: A v

1. A piston composedof a body and head portions, means for dctachably interconnectin'g the two portions, said means including an eccentricallyj mounted boss ,proiecting from the under surface of the head portion,

"th'eliossbeing externally threaded for 'engilgG'iHGnhWitli an internally threaded open in g in the upper surface of the body. I

2. A piston con'iposed of a body and head portions, the head portion hav ng per1plier-' ally cut slots therein, means for detachably interconnecting the two portions, said means jeoting from the 'under suriace of the head portion, toreng iiient vwith an internally threaded in the upper surface of the body. {3. A'pisto'n composed of a body and head portions, the 'liead portion being chan'ife'red ou its under surface, and slotted around its periphery, means for detachably iiiterconneetiiig thet two portions, said means including an ecceutricaliy mounted bossprojecting fromfltlie under surface of the head portion, the bossbeing' externally threaded for enrin o, and

y adapted the boss being externally threaded gagement with an internally threaded opening in the upper surface of the body, and a piston ring underlying said head between said chamfered portion and the piston.

4. A piston composed of a body and head portion, the head portion being cliamfered on lying said head between said cliainfered surface and the piston.

'5JA piston composed of a body and head portion, said portions being chamfered respectively on their upper and lower surfaces,

and the head portion having'radially cut slots located atpredetermined locations around its periphery, means 'for detachably 11itero0n- 'uecting the two port ons, said means including an eccentrically mounted boss projecting from the under surface of the head portion, the boss b'eingfexternally threaded for engagement with an internally threaded opening in the upper surface of the body, and a piston ring underlying said head and lying within the chaii'ifered portions of the piston and head.

6. A piston composed of a body and head portion, thehead portion being chamfeired on its under surfaces, and having'peripheral- 1y cut'slots therein for thea'dmissioii of gas, means for detachably interconnecting the two portions, said means including an eccentrically mounted boss projecting from the under surface of the head portion, the boss being externally threaded for engagement with'an internally threaded opening in the upper surface of'the body, and a piston ring surrounding said head and lying within said chamfered portion, sotliat the gas issuing through act upon the ring to expand said slots may thesame. Y I r I V 7. A piston composed of a body and head portion, the head portion being chamfered on its under surface, and having peripherally cut slots, at predetermined locations therein, for the admission of gas, means for detachably interconnecting the two portions, said means including an eccentrically mounted boss pro- Jectmgfrom the under surface of the head portion, the boss; being externallythreaded for engagement with an internallythreaded opening in the upper surfaceof the body, and a piston ring surrounding said lieadand 1yingwithin said chamfered portion with sufficient clearance to permit gas issuing through said slots tofexert pressure u on the inner circumferential wall of said ring to expand the same. i

8. A piston composed of a body and head the boss being" externally threaded for en gagement with an internally threaded opening in the upper surface of the body, and a ring surrounding said head and lying within said chainfered portion With sul'iicient clearance to permit issuing through said peripheral slots to exert pressure upon the inner circumferential wall and upper surface of said. ring to expand the same and hold it 20 upon its seat.

CHARLES S. BURNETT.

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