US1704216A - Paper-manufacturing system - Google Patents

Description

March 5, 1929. l.. s. RosENER Er AL PAPER ANUFAcTURING sYs'rEu Filed July 28, 1924 .,..............,..........,.u..c.. :..xf.# ......a................

March 5 1929 L. s. RQSENER ET Ax. 1,704,216

` PAPER MANUFACTURING SYSTEM Filed 4July 28. 1924 7 sheets-sheet 2 .kwL um,

sh... III

March 5, 1929 1 .Y s. RosENr-:R ET AL PAPER MANUFACTURING SYSTEM Filed July 28, 1924 '7 Sheets-Sheet 3 x.. .I |||l lluquj. n s k HN'HII HIHIIHIHIWIHHIM .\MV\I` i U lmfllil NWN., Munn 2 hm. 0. hm. im. n. k *M MM KN km. bm

Mmh 5, 1929 L. s. Rosi-:NER Er AL PAPER MNUFCTURING SYSTEI Filed July 28, 1924 7 Sheets-Sheet 4 FIG'. .5.

l V F76. 7,

March 5, 1929. L, s., ROSENER ET AL 1,704,216

' PAPER MANUFACTURING SYSTEM y 5 Flledlll'Z. 1924 'T Sheets Sheet annee Aww razz nur:

Stm RUM ma .S10/725m nava angeln Mw Huffman'. Jn

uit MLM warmem! March 5, 1929- L. s. RosENl-:R Er Ax. 1,704,216

PAPER 'MANUFACTURING SYSTEM F'l d Jul 28, 1924 7 Sheets-Sheet 6 1 e-/G/O.

IIF

(0A/7K0( PML TRL THIS (mi PMA .TW/ffm March 5, 1929. 1 s. ROSENER ET AL 1,704,216

PAPER MANUFACTURING SYSTEK Filed July 2a, 1924 '7 sneaks-sheen,` '7

ill

4*UNIV /Ja e I/ FIG. ll.

SIWTLL" TML LIM/7' SAY/frikis Patented Mar. 5, 1929.

UNITED .STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LELAND S. BOSENER AND DAVID H. PATTERSON, JR., F SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFORNIA, ASSIGNOBS T0 THE IPARAFFINE COMPANIES, INC., OF SAN FRANCISCO, CALIFOR- NIA, A CORPORATION 0F DELAWARE.

IPAIEB-IANUFACTURING SYSTEM.

application ined :any 2s, 1924. serial I. 728,600.

This invention relatesV to a plant for the manufacture of paper, and especially to the mechanism and its control that supplies the raw material to the beater mills, Where the 5 material is mixed to a pulp.

ln the manufacture of cardboard or the like, the raw material utilized must be supplied to beaters or mills, where it is mixed with the proper amount of water to form a pulp of the proper consistency, which is supplied to the paper making machines proper. For a small plant, utilizing only a few beaters, all of the apparatus ma be accommodated in a comparatively sma space, and no great diiculty is experienced in tending the machinery so as to keep the beaters properly supplied with raw material. However, where a large number of beater mills are used, such as a dozen or so, perhaps each requiring special material, the coordination of all of thevarious mechanisms in such a way as to keep the plant rlmning smoothly and economically, is a diilicult problem. Itis one of the objects of our invention to make it possibleto operate such a large plant with ease, and to supply the beaters rapidly with material 'as required. g

In the manufacture of such paperthat is usually designated a's board or pasteboard, it is not essential to choose With ahigh degree of care the kind of raw material supplied to the beaters. Therefore, such waste matter as rags, telephone directories, or

waste rolls of aper, could be used. But in the past, it hasllieen ineilcient to supply such material to the beaters, although available in large quantities, because they are too bulky, and if dropped into the beaters, would canse frequent breakdowns and other etiects necessitating wasteful delays.v

That these elects are quite likely to happen may readily be appreciated when the character ot the beaters is understood. These beaters each comprise a Wheel having numerous radial extensions called beater bars, revolving a tank supplied with water. These beater-lilium are adapted to beat the material to a pulp as such material passes between them and a stationary platform. If it be attempted to operate the beater on such bulky ob'ects as referred to heretofore, the wear an tear on 1the beater bars destroys them quite rapidly. Whensuch bars are in need of replacement, the entire beater must be shut down, and production of paper isat a standstill until the repairs are made. Since the beaters represent-a large investment of funds, it is a parent that it is inellicient to leave them id e for large periods of time.

It is another object ol our invention to make it possible to use such bulky material for the manufacture, of paper, while the hard Y usage on the beaters is obviated. This We secure by providing an extra step in the process of manufacture, whereby the raw material is first shredded into comparatively tine particles before it is fed to the beaters. The

plugs are caused by the matting together y of the material at the intake. side of the beater, and their formation is entirely avoided by the use of material which had previously been passed through the shreddin operation. T is advantage results even W ere the raw material is not so bulky but that itcould be directly placed the beater.

It is still another object ofrour invention to make it possible to produce a uniform grade of product, by careful Weighing of the r'aw material that is sup lied to the beaters.

' In large paper ma ng'systems, such as re- `ferred to, We prefer to centralizethe control of substantially all ofthe machinery, at one point, so that one attendant is capable of setting any of them into operation by the use of remote control devices, such as electrical or neumatic control circuits. It is another ob- ]ect of our invention to render such a control system highly satisfactory, as by the aid of slgnaling devices, serving to apprise the attendant not only of the requirement for sup plying 'certain beaters with raw material, but alsoof the movements ot' the mechanisms and cranes controlled by him.

- It is still another 'object of our invention to provide such a signaling system that is reliable in o eration. Y

Itis sti v another object of ourinvention to provide improved machinery for the plant,

lShredders that perform this function are Y so 'that better results may be obtained, and` the work accomplished in faster time. l

It is still another object of Aour invention to provide a distributor for supplying any of the beaters with raw material that is simplein construction and eiicient in operation.

Our invention possessesother advantageous features, some of which, with the foregoing, will be set forth at length in the following descri tion, where we shall outline in full that crm of our invention which we have selected for illustration in the drawings accompanying and forming part of the present specificatlon. Although we have shown in the drawings but one embodiment of our invention, we do not desire to be limited thereto, since the invention as expressed ii the claims may be embodied in other forms a so.

Referring to the drawings :v a

Figure 1 is a plan viewV of one part of a paper manufacturing plant; this part in the present instance being housed. in a separate building and' including the Shredders and scales;

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of ythe building shown in Fig. 1, with the various mlchinery shown more or less diagrammati- Ca Y;

Fi 3 is a plan view of the remainder of the installation, shown dia rammatically and as housed in a separate uilding; this building houses the beaters (only a few of which are shown, to reduce the size of the figure), as well as the distributing devices for supplying the beaters; Y

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary elevation of one end of the crane that forms anelement in. the distributing system, as well as of the con-i tacts that are operated thereby for controlling other elements of 'the system ;v

Fig. 5 is an elevation of the control board that centralizes the operation at one oint;

Fig, is a side elevation of-a signa 'ngdevice used by an attendant inthe beater room to apprise the central control board operator which beater is to be supplied with material;

Fig. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the'device shown in Fig. 6;-

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary longitudinal sectioi through the device shown in Fig. 6; an y Figs. 9,` 10 and llare separated portions of a complete wiring diagram ofthe centralized control for the operation of the plant.

In the buildin the walls of which are indicatedat 2O in igs. 1 and 2, is located the central control panel 21. This anel is supported on an appropriate plat orm 22, between a pair of scales 23 and 24.V The description is most appropriately started with these scales, since it is here that the reception of the raw material for the entire plant takes place. The first step is the measurement of that material at either of the-scales 23 and 24 (or'at both when necessary), this material being dumped thereon as from chutes or the like. The scales 23 and 24 have dials 25 and 26 which indicate to the central control operator what the weight is on Ieach scale. When a suiiicient amount of raw material is depositedon the scale, a mechanism is provided for moving the charge toward the shredder. This charge of raw material may include such things as telephone directories, waste rolls-of paper, cardboard, bales of rags, etc., and it is the function of the Shredders to subdivide this raw material into very small pieces, so as to make it suitable for use4 in the beaters or pulp mills. Were it not for this shredding operation, these bulky ob- 'ects could not be eilciently treated in the eaters.

The mechanism for moving the charge olf the scales 23 and 24 includes the scale conveyor belts 27 and 28, which are endless and disposed over the scale platforms. The charge is of course dumped on these conveyors, whichl after the charge is weighed, are driven as by the reversible electric motors 29 and 30 to carry the charge to either ofthe conveyors 31 and 32. In order that either of the scale conveyors 27 and 28 may be used indiscriminately to carry the material to either of the conveyors'31 and 32, these conveyors are placed .parallel to each other,

and the scales 23 and 24 are located between them. In this way, b operating motors 29 and 30`in theproper irection, it is possible.

to drive the conveyors 27 and 28 either to carry the material to the conveyor 31v or to the conveyor 32. Y

The conveyors 31 and-32 travel toward the right, and finally discharge their load to the feeder belts 33 and 34, which are shown as inclined 'slightly toward the direction of travel. p The drive `for conveyor 31 and its )associated feeder 33 is effected by the aid of an electric motor 35, serving to drive conveyor 31 which is mechanically connected to feeder 33 as by the gearing 37. A motor 36, similar to motor 35, serves analogously to drive the conveyor 32 and feeder 34, these two mechanisms being geared together as indicated at 38. Stationary Vsides 39, 40 are provided between which the conveyors and feeders run, in order to form deep troughs or channels for the raw material, with-the moving belts formingthebottomsof the channels. 'Ihe feeders 33 and 34 finally dischar'e their load into hoppers 4l and 42 whic lead to Shredders 43 and 44. However,

inorder to keep the How of material to the..

Shredders more or less uniform, we provide kickers 45 and 46 for each feeder, for beating down this material to a comparatively low level, and to prevent the piling up of material at the .shredder hoppers. These kickers are mechanicallyfdriven in any appropriate manner from the feeders 33 and llll 34, and comprise a wheel having radial s okes similar to paddles for operating on -t e raw material.

The shredders 43 and 44 are each driven by powerful electric motors 47 and 48, at a very high speed. The intake side of each shredder communicates` with the bottom of the hopper 41 or 42 these, Shredders are shown only diagrammaticallyin Figs. 1 and 2, and Aeach comprises a heavy wheel with pivoted radial arms which are adapted to pass between stationary blades. The force of these shredder arms, due to their weight and velocity, is suiicient to tear up the raw material into small bits, even when that material includes large rolls of defective paper which have been scrapped, andheavy books such as telephone directories and the like. VOf course under such circumstances the load on the motors 47 and 48 fluctuates considerably, and

,for this reason it is advisable to utilize rigged the building where the 'beaters are located.

Theseblowers are operated by the motors 55 and 56, and thus serve as one link in the chain ot' mechanism for transporting the material from the Shredders.

. In Figs. 1 and 2, we have shown the general character of the building which may be used to house the apparatus as thus far described. Thus the conveyors, feeders, Shredders and blowers are shown as located ina basement, above which extends the flooring 55. In the flooring, spaces may be provided, guarded by railings 56, to permit inspection of the machinery from the Hoor. Likewise stairways` such as 57 are provided for permitting ready access to the basement whenever it is necessary for a more careful inspection, renewal or repairs. It is also to be noted that as thus far described the apparatus is in. duplicate, and

we arrange the controls therefor 'in such aV way that eitherA or both may be run at any time, as rendered necessary by the requirements of the beaters or ulp mills.

The beater room is siiown in plan in Fig. 3, with three bea-ters or mills58, 59 and 60. However, as indicated by the break through the building, many more beaters may in fact beV provided.V -ln the resent instance twelve such beaters lare providedfor in the control, divided into two `units of six each. These beaters 58, 59, 60, etc., are driven continuously from any source of power; they comprise vertical tanks in which a properly constructed rotor 6l is disposed to serve as a-mixer. It is also arranged to supply water to any tank as desired. Included' in the tank is a separating screen 62 which permits only the linely divided pulp to pass downwardly into the suction pi 63, and thence to the calender rolls or t e like for manufacturing the paper or cardboard. Larger. ieces, incapable of fine comminution or sub ivision, such as wire or leather coming in from the Shredders, are prevented by the screen from entering the pulp supply pipes 63, and gradually settle to the bottom whence they may be later removed.

The pipes 53 and 54, which extend upward-` ly from the discharge end of blowers 51 and 52, finally lead into cyclones 64 and 65 which serve to permit the finely divided'raw material to settle gently on a'shuttle conveyor belt 66. vThis belt, as shown most clearly in Fig. 4, is loo ed over the end pulleys 67, and is concav by the aid of the, guide rollers 68, which have axes making a slight-angle with the horizontal. The upper reach of the con`- veyor 66 is disposed between relatively stationary side plates 69 which form a channel or guide of which the belt 66 forms a' moving bottom. Appropriate structural framework 70 serves asthe support for theguide'pulleys and 'their bearixgs, as well as for the sides 69. Furthermore, the lower reach of the conveyor 66 is guided against lateral movement by a pluralit of vertical guide pulleys, such as shown at 1 in Fig. 4, and is also guided against undue looseness by the horizontal rollers 72. The belt is arranged to he driven by a drive motor 73 which is geared to the left hand roller 67. This motor is reversible, so that the conveyor belt 66 may discharge its load either to. the right hand hopper or chute 74 or to the left hand hopper or chute 75.

The entire'conveyor 66 andits support is arranged to be bodily moved transversely of the beaters 58, 59, 60, etc., so as to make it' possible to position one of the two hoppers 74, 75 with any one of the beater tanks. For this purpose, 1t is evident that this shuttle travel need be only provided for approximately half of the lateral distancefoccupied by the beaters; since the right hand hopper 74 is used to discharge material to anyone of the right hand beaters, while the left hand hopper 75 is used to discharge material to any one-of the left hand beaters. -In Fig. 3 which is, after all, mainly diagrammatic, the shuttle conveyor 66 is shown as extended to al -most the full length of the building, but this is done in order to permit illustration of the driving motor 73 and of left hand hopper 75,

which elements would be otherwise left offv the sliiittle travel has been adjusted to bring one or the other of the spouts or hoppers 74 and over the desired beater tanks. In order to provide for this shuttle movement of the conveyor 66, the entire conveyor as well as its associated chutes or hoppers 74 and 75, 1s hung on a plurality of pulleys 76 (Fig. 4) which engage the lower ianges of one or more heavy I-beams 7 7 supported appropriately inthe building 78. In order to move the conveyor 66 back and forth along the I-beams, and thus impart to it the shuttle- `like movement, we provide a winch 79, on which a cable is wound. This cable is fastened at its opposite ends to corresponding opposite sides of the conveyor supporting frame 70, and is guided for this purpose by the guide pulleys 81, A reversible motor 82 serves to drive the winch 7 9 in either drection, and thereby to exert a pulling f roe through cable 80 either' at the right or left hand end of the conveyor structure 70.

. The driving motor 7 3 for the conveyor 66 is of course arranged on this structure, and connections thereto are provided by the aid of a plurality of trolley wheels 83. These wheels are pivoted in the end of levers 84,

supported on the structure 70, and appropriately insulated-as by the insulator 85. The levers 84 are counterweighted as by the weights 86, whereby the 4wheels 83 are resili- Vently urged against the tracks provided for them. Additional tracks are also provided to producesindications at the control panel 21,0f the position of theshuttle conveyor.l

Thus tracks 87, 88 and 89 may be used to provide the motor connections, while the other tracks 90, 91 and 92may be used to operate the indicating mechanism. Itis further to he noted that these tracks 87 to 92 occupy relatively short distances along the line of travel ofthe conveyor 66, the remaining gaps being filled by insulation bars 93 which serve to prevent the trolley Wheels 83 from running olf the tracks. These tracks as well as the bars 93 are appropriately suspended, as by the aid of insulators 94, clips or ears 95, and extensions 96, from suspensions 97, which in. turn are fastened by the aid of angle irons 98 to the vertical flange of the I-beam 77.` 0f course the particular mode of suspension may readily he varied to suit particular conditions. f

By referring to Fig. 3, it will be noted that sets of the track sections 87 to 92 occur in.

pairs along the length of travel of the conveyor 66. The right hand set of each pair is arranged to cause the belt to move towardthe right, and the right hand hopper 74 delivers material to that heater tank over which it may be positioned'. ik slight movement ofthe Shiittle travel toward the left is however sufficient to cause interruption of the contacts between the right hand set of tracks and the trolley wheels, and instead, a left hand set becomes active. The connections are new such as to cause the belt to travel toward the left, and

to discharge material from the left hand hopper to whichever one of the left beaters it may be positioned over. Further movement of the shuttle travel. toward the left Will cause the right hand hopper 74 to be active' thereby.

Before proceeding with the detailed description of the control circuits, whereby the proper sequence of operation of ythe various mechanisms is assured, attention is again directed to Fig. 1. It is to be noted that the scale conveyor motors 29, 30 and the feeder motors 35, 36 are each equipped with solenoid brakes 99, 100, w lich are energized to release the brakes whene er the respective motors are energized. This Iis a well-known expedient to prevent overrunning, and since the operating solenoids are simply connected in parallel to the respective motor leads.` in the wiring diagrams of Figs. 9, 10` and 11 they have been merged with the motors. 'In this way separate representation of the brakes is avoided.

c The control system which we shall now describe is so arranged that the various elements, such as the feeders, blowers, and shredders, are dependent upon each other, so that it is impossible for example to operate the hlowers or the feeders until the shuttle conveyor belt 66 is in motion. Other precautionary control circuits are included which will be described later on.

In order to inform the operator at the control panel 21 which beater is to be supplied, and also to keep him informed of the position of the conveyor belt 66, so that he may continue to operate the shuttle travel motor 82 until the hopper 7 4 or 75 is in proper position' for discharging its load, we provide a signaling' system, including two signal transmitting .switches illustrated in Figs. 6, 7 and 8. These switches are arranged to be operated by the attendant in the beater room, and may be located one near each end of this room. Each switch comprises a bei; 102 in which the rod 108 is slidahle, as by the aid ofthe handle 104 fixed to its ends. 0n each side of the boi; 102 are a plurality of contact studs supported on suitable insulating boards, and arranged in groups of three. forming triangles, as plainlv indicated in liig. 8. The rod 103 carries a pair of'contact pieces 106 and 107 on a yoke 108. llhe rod 103 may be operated to connect any set of three contacts 105 together, by first properly positioning' the rod 103 aaially, and then rotating it either to the right or left. In order to make sure that only sets of three contacts can be connected together at one time, and no other improper aggregation of contacts, we provide a pair of. guide plates 109 (Fi 7) in which notches 110` are cut to permit t e entry' of the wedge shaped extensions 111 carried by the yoke 108. These notches as shown in Fig. 8 are so positioned with respect to the contacts 105 that they permit rotation of rod 103 only when the contact Apieces 106, 107 are in alinement with a set of these contacts. In intermediate axial positions, as for example that illustrated in Fig. 8, the rod 103 would have its rotation stopped by the engagement of the extensions 111 with the guides 109, before any contacts can be c ose In Fig. 9, the transmittinov switches are shown diagrammatically, and are marked Beater room signal switches. In order that the beater room attendant may verify his signals there are beater room telltale lights 112 and 113, which operate behind transparent signs 114 (Fig. 6). These signs are all appropriately supported in a supplementary box 115, there being one such box for each of the switches. On the control panel 21, similar signs 116 and 117 are provided, behind which are the control panel'telltale lights 118 and 119 (Fig. 10).A Y

The beaters 58, 59, 60, etc., being in the present instance divided into two units of six each,

there isthefrefore a transmitting switch for each unit:4 Now let us suppose that the beater room attendant desiresto transmit a signal to the control panel operator that he is to furnish material to beaterNo. 1 of the left hand unit. He manipulates rod 103 so asto connect the extreme lower left'hand set of three contacts 105, of the lefthand switch, as indicated in Fig. 9. AFor this position, two lightswill be illuminated behind signs 114 in the beater roomtelltale box 115, and also behind the signs in the left hand grou 117 on panel 21, so that the word Furnish r will be illuminated in both places on'the left hand telltales. The circuits for these lights will nowbetraced.

The leads 120, 121fconnect to an appropri ate source, and serve to supply'electncal ener to the signal system. In the prellt ingtlince this .source is a transformer 122 (Fig. 10) which is supplied from one hase of three phase mains 123. The. ead `1 20 goes to a'junction point-124; thence the circuit extends to the contact piece 106. The circuit Yfrom this point' for one of the transmittel' telltale lamps113 proceeds through junction point 125, rightV hand lamp 113, illuminating the sign Furnish at the transmittr, thence Aby Vlead 126 lto line 121. At

the same time, the control panel telltale lamp 119 illuminating the sign Furnishat the panel 2,1 is energized, .through this'circuit, from junction125, lead 127, to onevof the `both t 'of these circuits extends from contact piece and numeral 1" lamps 119, then by lead 128 back to the main 121. From contact piece 106 two other circuits may be traced through a lamp 112 and a lamp 118 that illuminate the si s 1 at e transmitter and the-pane 21. One

106, `through lead 129,v junction'point 130, extreme left `han`d lam 112, back to lead 121 by way of lead 126. other circuit may be traced from contact piece 106 to point 130,

the sixth lamp 118 from the right at the sign 117 on' anel 21, then by wa of lead 128 to the l 121. By shifting e contact piece 1 06 or 107 to anv desired set of contacts 105, any other set of signal lamps 1113, 112, 118 and 119 may be lit, to produce the proper indication.

` In the diagram of the transmitting switches of Fig. 9, the lower six sets of contacts 105, which represent the contacts supportedon one side of the box 102 (Fig. 7) control the circuit for the righthand lamps of the groups 113 and 119, while the upper set of contacts 105, which re resent those supported on the other side o box 102, control. the circuits -for the left hand lamps of these groups 113 and 119.V Thus by rotating shaft 103 between its two positions, it is possible to change the .indication from Furnish to Next, this latter signal is produced at the transmission end by -energization of left hand lamp 113, Y

and at the panel 21 by energization of left hand lamp 119. Mere rotation. of rod 103 however does not change the energization of the operator is toproceed to supply any other desired beater. y is apprised some time in advance of set o operations hemust perform, and there can be no delayincident to the 'on of signals.'

Circuits forV the lother signalv lam vin ups 112 Vand 118 are entirely simi r to In this way, the o rator t ose already traced-for the left hand lampV of each group, andbecome active whencontact piece 106 or 107 is moved to make connection with the proper set of contacts 105.

The transmitting switch shown to the right of that already described, is located near the right hand ter unit, and serves to produce indications at telltale sign 11,6 on the 21. In the position shown, the si Fur-` n-ish 6 is transmitted. The circuits for the left hand lamp of group 1'18` and 119 are completed, causing this indication at the transmitter and atthe anel 21. For lamp 113, the circuit is as ollows:rom lmain 120, contact piece 107junction 132, left hand panel enext" circuit -for lamp 119 at the panel 21 is as ollowsz--from main 120, contact piece 107, junction 132, lead 134, lamp 119, and lead 128 back to main 121. These circuits cause illumination of signs Furnish for the right hand unit.

Other circuits, illuminating s igns 6 are also completed. The left hand lamp 112 at the transmitter switch is energized for this purpose as follows :trom main 120, contact piece 107, lead 135, left hand lam 112, lead 133, back to main 121. The left and lamp 118 of the sign 116 is also energized as tol-v lows from main 120, contact piece 107, leads 135 and 136, left hand lamp 118, and lead 128 back to main 121.

From these examples of signalin circuits Which'have been traced, it is possi le readily to deduce the corresponding circuits for any of the other lamps as the rod 103 of the transmitting switches' are manipulated. The telltale lights 112 and 113 serve as guldes tor the attendant at the beaters,.not only to 1ndicate to him what signal is being transmitted, but also just how far rod 103 is t0 be moved to roduce any other desired signal.

On the in caters or signs 116 and 117 Vat the control panel 21, there are rows of numerals beneath the signals just mentioned, Whlch are arranged `to indicate the operative posi-v tion of the shuttle belt frame 7 0. The indications are produced by the coactionof the trolley wheels 83 with the' short tracks 90 andA 91, located in the path of travel of the shuttle` belt frame 70. For example, this frame'is indicated diagrammatically in Fig.' 11 'at the upper left hand corner as being in proper po-'.

' sition to supply beater 6.0i the right hand unit'. The circuit energizing a lamp 137 to illuminate lower numeral 6 of si n 116 vis correspondingly completed, as olloWs:- from main 120, to wire 138, track 91; wheels 83, track 90, wire 139, lamp 137, and lead 128 backto main 121. Registry bf thetrolley wheels 83 carried by frame 70 with succeeding sets of tracks will cause illumination of theV proper numeral of the lower rows ofboth signs 116 and 117. Forexample, the next set of tracks to the right, on Fig. 11, control the lamp 140, showing that the conveyorV is operi ative to supply beater 1 of the left hand unit. This is the correct indication, for the tracks 87, 88 and 89 provide for a reversal of the conveyor motor 73 as compared with its rota-v tion in theyposition actually shown, and it the lethandhopper 75 that is used to discharge the materia As the shuttletravelmotor 82 is actuated to move the frame 70, successive larnps will-b e lit back of the lower row of numerals in signs` 116 and 117, and the voperator at panel 21 will thus be kept informed of the operative position of the conveyor frame 70.

. Als an additional safeguard, we prefer to supply another signaling device that. is re'- sponsive to the movement of the frame 70. This is useful in order to ensure that the operator at panel 21 will not set into operation any unit of mechanism until after the conveyor frame is at rest. This signaling device includes a blinker light 141 located between the two signs 116 and117, and illustrated diagranmatically on Fig. 10. This light flashes on and otf while the fra-me v7,0 is moving, and while trolley wheels 83 engage th'e tracks 90, 91 and 92. This blinking circuit when these conditions are fulfilled may -be traced as follows from main 120, lead 138,'track 91, trolley wheel 83, a `commutator 142, running 'in unison with the frame, lower Wheel 83, track 92, connections 143 and-144, lamp 141, lead 128, back to main 121. While the frame 70 is travelling, the commutator-142 is rotating, and causes alternate opening and closing of the circuit just traced, with ,consequent blinking of light 142. This blinking is an indication to thecontrol panel operator, and he is to take care not to set any interfering apparatus into motion until the lamp 141 is permanently dark or permanently lit. i

The signaling circuits have now all been described. From the indications thereby produced, the control panel operator can take 1' the proper steps to supply thedesiredbeatei or "mil1. :While these beaters are continuously in operation, the blowers, Shredders, scale conveyors, shuttle belt conveyor and shuttle ,travel winch are under the control of this operator, and are usually placed inY operation' only intermittently and as required. The conthat such sequence ofV operation may be performed whichl ensures against choking any of trol circuits of these elements are so arrangedthe conveyors or chutes with the material, and

against unloading While the conveyor 66 is not 1n proper position to discharge the material.' he first. step takenby the operator is to move the conveyor frame 70 to the desired position. This he eects by the aid of the reversing motor 82, theconnections for which are controlled by the lever switch144B (Fi 5 and 10). If he desiresmovement of t e shuttle belt to the left, he moves the handle for this switch to the left, and the three pole swltch 145 is.closed, ydue to theener- `gization of solenoid 146. The circuit for thiscoil may be traced as follows from the control main 147, which connects to one terminal of the supply transformer-l22,lead 148, switch 144-, .lead 149, solenoid 146,:1ead150, to a `left Vhand shuttle travel limit 'switch 151, lead 152, to lead 159 forming the other control main, and connecting to the other terminal 0f transformer 122. The limit switch 151 is arranged to be opened by the'shuttle frame 70 in case it exceeds the desired limit of its travel. It comprises a lever 153, one extremity ofwhich is in the'path of travel of the vframe .7 0. The lower switch 145 bein now closed, the circuit for motor 82 is comp eted,

from mains 123, switch 154, leads 155, switch 145, leads 156 to the motor 82. The source of supply in this instance is shown as three phase, but of course any other t pe, either alternating or direct current cou d be used. The motor 82 may advantageously be of'the squirrel cage induction type. If it be desired to move the frame to the right, the switch 144a is moved to the right, and this movement causes the solenoid 157 to be energized, while solenoid 146 is deenergized.` This solenoid 157 p ulls the upper switch 158 to closed position, while gravity or a spring returns the lower switch 145 to open position. Y The circuit for solenoid 157 may be traced as follows from main 147, lead 148, switch 144,

leads 156 supplying the motor, and the supply leads 123. After the shuttle frame 70 has moved into proper operative position with respect to the desiredv beater, as indicated on one of thesigns 116, 117, the operator returns switch 144'to central posit1on;-in this position, neither of the Asolenoids 146, 157

is energized, and therefore both switches 145 and' 158 are open, and the corresponding motor circuit is dead.

Either of the hoppers 74,- being now in proper osition to discharge to a selected beater, t e shuttle conveyor 66 may now be o erated b the energizationplof motor he contro of this motor at panel 21 is effected by a pair of push buttons 164 and 165 which are resiliently ur :ed as by'springs to the positions shown in ig. 10, but may be manually depresd to start and stop the motor 73. However, starting of this motor cannot be effected until the shuttle travel switch 144'L is in central position, which corresponds to inactive condition of the shuttle travel motor 82. When this condition is fullled, depreion of button 164 for 'a short timeserves to energizethe switch o rating solenoid 166, closing -switch 167'.4 he circuitmaybe traced as ollows:-main 159,

lead 168, push' button 164 in dep position, push button 165 in free position, lead 169, solenoid 166, overload contacts 170, lead 171, switch 144, and le'ad 148 to main 147. The overload contacts 170 serve to interrn t this solenoid circuit whenever the load on t e motor 73 becomes dangerously high. As soon as this circuit is completed, switch 167 closes, and completes the circuit for the motor 73 from 4mains 123 to leads 172, tracks 87, 88, 89, wheels 83 to motor 73. The particular connection between leads 172 and tracks 87, 88, 89, determine the direction of rotation of motor 73.- For instance onl Fig. 11,

the tracks 87, 88 and 89'at the extreme left hand position are connected respectively with the lower, middle, and upper lead 172, whereas the next s et of tracks are connected in re- `verse ordergi-"In thisV way a reversal of the motor 73 is secured as it is moved from one osition-to the next, and there is a corresponding alternation in the activity of hoppers 74 and 75. v y

- As soon as the motor 73 is in operation, the push button 164 may be released, and it will take -the position shown in the diagram. However,the re is a holding circuit `:for the coil 166, closed by the closing of contacts 173,

operated also by solenoid 166. This closing circuit may be traced as follows z-from main 147, to lead 148, switch 144 when in open position, lead 171, overload contacts 170, solenoid'166, lead 169, stop pushbutton 165, lead 174contacts 1 7 3, and lead 17 5 back to the other main 159. This holding circuit stays com leteduntil stop button is Y pressed,-w ien the switch 167 is'released, and the apparatus returns to the position shown on the drawin As soon as 515e shuttle belt is in operation due to rotation of motor 73, the machinery for supplying [material thereto may be started. In orde-r to ensure that the units of machin ery cannot be operated except when the belt 66 is running, we provide a switch 176 (Fig. 11) which is closed only when the switch 167 is' closed. This switchcontrols the circuits for the blower motors 55, 56, as well as the feeder motors 35 and 36. The switch 176 is operated 'by a solenoid 177, the circuit for which may be traced as follows from main ioo 147, lead 178, solenoid 177 lead 179, contacts 7 173, -and lead back to the other main 159. This circuit is operative of course only when contactsl 17 3 areA closed, which in turn depend upon the closure of switch `167.

The switch 17 6 has a pair of levers, each of which controls the circuits for one set of feeder and blower.' 1 The control circuit for blower motor55 `(shown in the diagram of 9 at Vthe extreme right and labelled ower No. 1), is operated by the start and stop push buttons 180 and 181 (Fig. 10). To start the motor, button 180 is depressed and held there for a short time, sucient to-cause energization of holding circuits. This startl ing circuit may be traced as follows :-from main 159, to lead 182, a solenoid 183 serving to set in operation an automatic starter 184,

lead 185, button 180, button 181.' lead 186, right hand poleof switch 17 6, lead 187, overload contacts 188vfor the motor 55, back to the other main 147. l It is thus seen that this control circuit can be energized only when switch 17 6 is closed. The energization; of solenoid 183 causes the automatic starter to bring the motor 55 to speed, and is necessary because ofthe large size of motor used for the blower. rlhe. particular details and circuits for this starter are not shown, since they are standard and may be of various'forms.

As soon as this starting circuit is energized, the `solenoid 183 also closes the holding contacts 189, whereby even after the starting button 180 is released, theV solenoid is still active. This holding circuit ma be traced as follows from main 159 to lea 182, coil 183,

contacts 189, lead 190, stop button 181, lead` 186, switch 176, lead 187, overload contacts 188, and back to the other main 147. By

pushing the button 181, this circuit can be interrupted, and the coil 183 deenergized, permitting the automatic starter 184 to ret-urn to its open position and stopping operatonof motor 55.V Once the conveyor belt ,motor 73 is in operation, of course either or both of the blowermotors 55, 56 may be started. The control circuits for motor 55 have already been described, and those" for blower motor 56, (shown at the extremeleftof Fig. 11) are entirely similar. They will therefore be indicated only in a'cursory fashion. The start and stop buttons 191fand 192 control the operation. of automatic starter 193. For starting, the'c'ircuits areas follows'z-,main 147, overload contacts 194, switch 176, lead 195', lbutton 192, button 191, lead 197, coil 198, and thence back to the other main 159. The holding circuit, after button 191 is released, is as follows :,-niain 147, overload contacts 194, switch 176, lead 195, button 192,' flead 196, holding contacts 199, coil 198,! andback to the other main 159. l

The blowers being now in operation `(or one of them, in case a relatively small amount of material is needed), the Shredders 43 and 44 may be started, since they are the next links in the chain of the mechanism. The shredder motors 47 and 48 are controlled b push buttons, similar to those used for the lower motors. However, sincethe operation of the Shredders does not in itself give rise to accumulation of material or dangereuse conditions of any point, there is no necessityfor causing the control for the Shredders to be dependent upon the operation of any ofthe other mechanisms. In other'words, elements such as the conveyors, feeders, and blowers,`

must cooperate to ring material to the shredders and to talie it away', and must therefore be properly mterlocked for this purpose; while the Shredders themselves are inde ndent mechanisms which may be either i ing, L

when the conveyor chain of mechanism is' idle, or doing useful work when-the conveyor chain is active and carrying material to and from the Shredders.

menno pairjof push buttons 202 and 203. The start-v ing circuit may be traced as follows z-main A147, lead 204, overload contacts 205, lead 208,

buttons 203 and 202,lead 207, coil 201, and

lead 208 back to theV other main 159. As soon as this circuit is completed, the holding contacts 209 are closed, 'and' a holding circuit is active, independent of the starting button 2,02,

which may now be released without stopping the motor. This holding circuit may be traced as follows z-main 147, lead 204, overload contacts 205, lead 206, button 203, lead 210, contacts 209, coil 201, andlead 208 back to the other main 159; To stop the motor 47, the push button 203 is depressed, and this holding circuit interrupted. As before, lthe overload` contacts 205 ensure against danger- 011s overloading of any of the phases of the motor. 47, and serve to interrupt this holding circuit when that occurs. The motor 47 is supplied through a main switch 211 and the automatic starter 200, Which-is active to 'supply the motor only when coil 201 is energized.

The controllcircuits for shredder motor 48 on Fig. 11 are entirely similar to those just described ine connection with motor 47. The starting circuit may be traced as follows from main 147, lead 213, overload contacts 212, lead 214, stop button 215, start button 216, lead 217, starting coil 218,"and'lead 219 back tothe other main 159. After the holding` contacts 220 are closed by coil v218, the

holding cireut 'is completed as follows:'.

from main 147, lead' 213, overload contacts 212,1ead 214, stop button 215, lead 221, holding contacts v220, coil 218, and lead 2l9'back to the other main 159.

Although it is possible to startthe two shredder motors 47 and 48 independently-of the other units, the operation of these motors is an essential before the respective 'feeder - motors 35 and 36 can be started.- Each of the normal. This control ensures against chok-Vv ing theshredders unduly with raw material Supplied by the feeders. r'he various controle for the feeders will -now be described.

Considering first the .feeder motor 35, it is seen in Fig-.inhabit may besupplied throughv mfmlllly llted.s Wtch .222 and the soleold coll operated sW1tch223, from the' mains 123. Overload contacts 224 are provided to ensure against injurious load conditions. The circuit for the coil 225 that operates the switch 223 is controlled at panel 21 by the push button control 226 which is of the nonreturn type; that is, when the button is depressed to start the motor, it stays in that position until it is moved outwardly by the aid of another button. rlhis is necessary in view of the nature of the controls, and is entirely similar to the usual type of wall switches controlling lamps in residences. When this button 226 is depressed, the circuit for coil 225 is completed, provided the corresponding shredder motor 47 is operating at normal load, and the corresponding blower motor is operating. The circuit for coil 225, when these conditions are fulfilled, may be traced as follows :-fr01n main 159, lead 227, button 226, lead 228, an emergency but maximum, the coil 234 carries a heavy enough current to cause movement of the upper conn tact disc away from the stationary contacts}. lead 235,- contacts 236, coil 225, overload contracts 224, lead 237, holding contactsV 189 on the corresponding blower mot-0r 55, which are closed only when that motor is in operation, lead 190, stop button 181 of blower motor 55, lead 186, switch 176, lead 187, overload contarts 188 of blower motor 55, and backto the other main 147. The contacts 236 in this cir cuit are controlled so as'to close only when the shredder motor 47 is in operation; For this purpose the coil 238 is provided which is are.

ranged to be placed in parallel to the operating coil 201 of the automatic starter 200, by the aid of another set of contacts 239, operated hy coil 240. This latter coil is shown as having its circuit controlled from the starter 201, so that vthis starter must be' inl full running position before 'coil 240 is energized. ln this Wav it is assured that shredder motor 47 is in full-operation before the feeder moto!" :S5 can operate. To stop the feeder, it is merely necessary to manipulate the button 226 to open position.

- The feeder control that it is operative only in response to certain predetermined conditions of the machinery associated therewith. Contacts 236 tie tip the feeder with the shredder; contacts 231 may be opened and closed alternately as the load varies'on shredder motor 47, causing intermittent o eration of feeder 3 3; contacts 189 on the b ower motor starter 184 xnake it circuit as traced is such certain that this motor must be in operation, and the completion of the circuit through the switch 176 ensures a direct dependance of the feeder motor upon the operation ofthe shut- .tle belt 66. All these safeguards are taken to make the system as safe as can reasonably be expected, since serious and irreparable damage would undoubtedly occur upon improper operation of the feeder belts.

The corresponding controls for the other feeder motor 36 may be somewhat cursorily. traced, since the operations of both are identical. Of course inthis case the feeder motor` 36 is dependent upon the operative conditions of its associated shredder motor 48 and blower motor 56. This` feeder motor 36 is likewise controlled by a manually operated switch 241 and a switch 242 operated by solenoid 243. verload contacts 244 are also provided.' When the control push button 245 at the panel 21 is pushed, andthe shredder and blower ymotors 48 and 56 are in normal operation,

the solenoid 243 is energized through the following circuitt--from main 159, leady 246, button 245, lead 247, emergency button `248, .lead 249, contacts 250 (closed only whenstarter for motor48 is in full on position), lead 251, contacts 252 (closed only when shredder motor 48 is operating below a predetermined maximum load), coil 243, -overload contacts 244, lead 253, holding contacts 199 on blower motor starter 193, lead 196, blower motor stop button 192, lead 195, switch 176 overload contacts 194 on motor control 56, hack to main 147.

Since conveyors 31 and 32 are geared respectively to feeders 33 and 34, these conveyors are now also in operation. The scales 23 and 24 may now be used to weigh out the raw material, and the corresponding conveyors 27, 28 operated to supply the feeders. The motors 29 and 30 operating these conveyors sol are reversible, so that either scale may supply either feeder. The control circuits howeverA are so arranged that the motors 29 and 30 can operate only in' a directionthat causes the conveyors 27, 28 to discharge to a moving feeder 33 or 34.

Thus considering first the scale conveyor motor 29, shown at the right of Fig. 10, it is panel 21 by a lever switch. 2,59, which may be turned in either direction 'to control either of the coils 257 or 258. Assuming that feeder 33 is in operation, throwing the switch 259 to the left will-energize coil 257, and thcmotor erators located at a distance from the board 29 will rotate to drive conveyor 27 toward feeder 33. The circuit for coil 257 is completed as follows :-from main 147, lead 260.

Switch 259,1e5d'261, 5011257, lead 262, com

tacts 263 (closed only when switch 223, controlling operation of feeder 33, is closed), and lead 264 back tothe other main 159. From consideration of this circuit it is seen that 'the coil 257 can be energized to cause movement of belt 27 toward feeder 33 only when this feeder is moving.

If lever switch 259be turned to the right, the motor 29 will be energized to .drive the conveyor belt 27 toward feeder 34, but only on condition that said feeder is moving. The 'circuit forcoil 258, which accomplishes this `result, may be 'traced as follows vz--from main larly controlled by the lever switch 269. The

supply circuit for this motor includes the manually operated switch 270, and either of the two coil operated switches 271, 272. lVhen switch 271 is closed due to venergization of -eoil 273, the motor 3,0 operates to supply feeder 33; on the other hand, energization of coil 274 willl close switch 272 and cause the motor 30 to rotate in the opposite directionto supply feeder 34. When lever switch 269 is thrown to the left, `the circuit for coil 273 is completed as follows :-from main 147, lead 275, switch 269, lead 276, coil 273, lead 262, contacts 263 on switch 223, and-lead 264 back to the other main 159. Contacts 262 as before insure operation of feeder 33 before the -niotor 30 can operate to supply material thereto. In a similar manner, throwing switch 269 to the right energizes coil 274 and causes motor 30 to operate in the reverse direction. The circuit may1 be traced as follows z-from main 147 to lead 275, lever switch 269, lead 277, coil 274, lead 278, lead 266, contacts 267 on switch 242, and lead 268 back to the other main 159.

The control circuits have now been fully described. The wires and leads necessary for the circuits may be housedin conduits 279 running at the back of the panel 21. The main switchboard for the main power lines and the power switches may be located as at 1-01 in one corner ofthe beater room shown in Fig. 3. A bell or other type of signal may be provided for use by the panel operator, and the control button for such a signal is shown at 280 on Fig. 5. By the aid of this signal,

the operator may communicate in any desired manner with any of the attendants and opplant may now be described. Let it be as-y sumed that the attendant in the beater room desires to have material furnished to the left beater No. 4. He manipulates the rod 103 ofthe corresponding transmitter switch, so as to transmit the signal Furnish 4 which appears illuminated on the left hand sign 117 at the. panel 21. The operator at the panel 21 then moves lever 144 to operate the shuttle travel motor 82. The succession of lighted numerals on signs 116v and 117 will indicate in what direction the sliut-tle 'conveyor frame is moving, and vhe is guided laccordingly in his operation of switch 144. As soon as the numeral 4 of the lower row, lights on sign L17, he brings his lever 144 to central position. The shuttle belt 66 may now be operated, and he accomplishes this by pressing button 164. The direction of travel isautoniatically correctly determined by the tracks 87, 88 and 89, and the wheels 83. After the vshuttle belt .motor is in oper'ati-onfcontacts 173 close on placed in operation. As soon as the blower is in operation, the corresponding shredder may be started, as by pushing button 202.

Operation of this shredder causes contactsA 231 and 236 to close, and the operator can start feeder motor 35 by manipulating button 226. The contacts 263 are closed in response to the operation of feeder motor 35, and this closure permits the opeiator to move the material from either scale -23 or 24 to feeder 33. by

operation of either of the switches 259er 269. But before starting the scale motors, the operi ator first weights out the desired material on the scale. In case a Next signal has been transmitted, and after he has completed these controls, he can weight out on the other scale, the material needed for4 the next beater to be supplied. y

The material weighed out on the first scale is carried by feeder 33 to shredder 43,v whence it is discharged to the blower 51. This blower carries it to the cyclone 65, which delivers it to the moving belt 66, and the left hand hoppr75 finally transfers it into the left hand left to start the shuttle travel motor 82 in the proper direction, so as to position the shuttle conveyor properly with respect to 'the next beater to be supplied. Movement of the lever switch 144 away from centra-l position, causes deenergization of the, shuttle belt* inotor 73 as described; this in turn causes separation of contacts 173, and consequentinterruption ofthe holding circuit for "the blower motor 55. The feeder 33 is rendered inactive also, due to the opening of the holding contacts 189 on the blower motor, and neither scale motor can be started, due to the open# ing of the feeder motor circuits. l The shred- 'der 43 however, may remain operative and ready to operate on the material as soon as the chain of mechanism is operative to con# vey material to and from it. However, the shuttle travel motor 82 must first be brought to rest by bringing switch lever. 144 to central position, before this chain of mechanism can be rendered operative. Furthermore, the shuttle frame 7 O must be brought to rest in a position where its trolley wheels 83 engage the tracks 87, 88 and 89; otherwise the conveyor motor 73 could not be operated, nor any of the other units in the chain of mechanism. The tracks 87, 88 and 89 thus insure by'their'position against operation of the mechanism unless either hopper 74 or 7 5 is in proper position to discharge its load.

The entire system as described may thus be brought into harmonious operation byl comparatively few attendants. The provision of the shredding operation renders the plant more eilicient, Vthe paper production .being faster since the operation of beating can be shortened. Due t0 the provision of the scales, accurate weighing of the raw material is possible, and uniformity ofthe product is assured.

We claim: Y l

1. In combination, a. pair of conveyor mechanisms arranged adjacent each other and to carry material, a conveyor belt between the mechanisms, and means fordriving said belt in either direction tolsupply either of the mechanisms with material. v i

2. In combination, a conveyor mechanism, a measuring device and a conveyor belt having its upper reach arranged to .support the measured material and to move said material to the-conveyor mechanism.

3. In combination, a pair of' conveyor mechanisms arranged adjacent each other and to carr materiah a measuring device, a conveyor lt havlng its upper reach arranged to support the measured material, and ex-v tending between the mechanisms, and means for selectively moving said conveyor belt to supply either mechanism -with material.

4. In combination, a pair of conveyor mechanism, means commento both mecha-f. nisms for supplying either of said mechanisms with material to. be conveyed, and means for insuring that said supply means can be operated tos'upplymaterial to either mechanism only when that mechanism is inv operation.

5. In combination, a conveyor mechanism, independently driven means or supplying said mechanism with material to be conveyed, and means for insuring that said supply means can be operated to supply material to the mechanism onlywhen said mechanism is in operation.

6. In combination, a pair oit' conveyor mechanisms, a conveyor belt arranged between said mechanisms, means for moving said belt in either direction, whereby either mechanism may be supplied with material to beconveyed, and means insuring that said belt can be operated in a desired direction only when the mechanism. to be supplied thereby is in operation.

7. In combination, a pair of mechanisms, a pair of machines, ciated witlueach mechanism, for changing the state of material conveyed to it by the mechanism, means for supplying either of said mechanisms with material to be conveyed, and means for insuring that said supply means can be operated to supply material conveyor to -a mechanism only when the load on the machine to which the material is to be conveyed by said mechanism, is below a prede-` termined maximum.

8. In combination, a conveyor mechanism, a machine associatedwithsaidmechanism,for changing the state of material conveyed to it by the mechanism, means for supplying said mechanism with material to be conveyed, and means for insuring that said supplymeans can be operated to supply material to the mechanism only when the load on themachine `is below a predetermined maximum.

9. In combination,.a pair of conveyor inechanisms, a conveyor belt arranged between one asso-` kso l said mechanisms, means for moving said belt in either direction, whereby either mechanism-may be supplied with material to be conveyed, a pair of machines, one associated with each mechanism, for changing the state of the material conveyed to it, and means insuring that said belt can be operated in a desireddirection only when the load on the machine to be su plied with material thereby, is below a pre etermined maximum.

c 10. In paper making machinery, a air of conveyor mechanisms, a pair of shred( ers for shredding raw material brought to them by the conveyor mechanisms, there being a shredder associated with each mechanism, means for supplying either o f said mechanisms with material to be conve ed, and

'means for insuring that said supp y means can be operated to' su ply material to' the mechanism only when t e shredder is operat- 12.- In paper making machinery, a conveyor mechanism, a shredder associated with the mechanism. for shredding raw material brought toit by the mechanism, means for supplying said mechanism with material to be conveyed, and means for insuring that said supply means can be'operated to supply material to the mechanism only when the shredder is operating below a predetermined maximum load.

18. In paper making machinery, a pair of conveyor mechanisms, a conveyor belt arranged betweensaid mechanisms, means for moving said belt in either direction, whereby either'mechanism may be supplied with material to be conveyed, a pair of Shredders, one associated with each mechanism, for shredding raw material brought to it by the mechanism, and means insuring that said belt can be operated in desired direction only when the shredder to be supplied with material thereby is operating below a predetermined maximum load.

14. In paper making machinery, a shredder for shredding raw material of assorted sizes into particles small enough to permit their use for pulp, a conveyor mechanism for supvplying said shredder with the raw material, and means operating on the material in the conveyor for regulating the depth of the material carried thereon, whereby the rate of feed is prevent-ed from varying greatly.

15. In paper making machinery, a shredder for shredding raw material of assorted sizes into particles small enough to permit their use for pulp, a conveyor mechanism for supplying said shredder with the raw material, and a wheel having paddles operating on the material in the conveyor to regulate the depth of the material carried thereon, whereby the rate of feed is prevented from varying greatly.

16. In paper making machinery, a shredder, conveyor mechanism for supplying raw v material to the shredder, independently ldriven conveyor mechanism for transporting the shredded material from the shredder. and means insu-ring that the supply conveyor can be operated only when the other conveyor is in operation.

17. In paper making machinery, a shredder, a conveyor mechanism for supplying raw material to the shredder, a conveyor mechanism for transporting material from the shredder, a movable distributing melchanism associated with said latter conveyor, and means insuring that said distributing mechanism and its associated conveyor are in operation before the supplying conveyor can be placed in operation.

18. In paper making machinery, a shredder, means for supplying material to the shredder, means for distributing the material troller for indicating the position of the dis-y tributor. y

19, In paper making machinery, a shred- -means responsive to load conditions on the `motor for controlling the feeding means.

2Q. In paper making machinery, a shredder, a conveyor for feeding the shredder, an

.electric motor for driving the conveyor, an

electric motor for driving theshredder, and means responsive to the load conditions on the shredder motor for controlling the circuit of the conveyor motor.

Q3. In paper making machinery, a pair of `shredders, conveyors associated with each shredder for feeding `material thereto. a distributor associated with both Shredders for carrying away the material from the shredders to any one of several points, and means responsiveto the setting of said distributor in operation to supply material to one of these points, for permitting the feeder conveyors to supply material to the Shredders.

'24J In paper making machinery, a pair of Shredders, conveyors associated with each shredder for feeding material thereto, a distributor associated with both Shredders for carrying away the material from the shred- `ders to any one of several points, and means for insuring that either-of the feeder convcondition of both the shredder and the transporting means.

26. In paper making machinery, a shredder, a feeder for supplying the shredder with material, a motor for driving said feeder, a. mechanism -for carrying away the material from the shredder, and a controller for the motor responsive to load conditions at the shredder and also to the operative condition of the mechanism.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto set our hands.

LELAND S. ROSENER. DAVID H. PATTERSON, J n,

Images