US1698444A - Apparatus for pumping oil from wells - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 8, 1929. B. H. LYBYER APPARATUS Fon PUMPING on. FROM WELLS' Filed July 1 Patented Jan. 8, 1929.

UNITED ASTATES i 1,6918, PATENT fol-Fica BENJAMIN H. LYBYEB., or Lavora, WYomNq.

APPARATUS Fon PUMPING onJ Faoin WELLS.

Applieaaon mea :my 1c, 192:5.'I serial No. 44,046.

This invention relates to an apparatus especially for pumping oil from oil wells,

and it is Awith relation to such that the following specication is applied.

' In oil well pumps of the character now in general use, an oil column is pumped to the surface, carrying with it entrained gas and sand articles, necessitating. the separating out of) the gas and sand in operations sepi0 arate from the pumping operation. These `successive steps are accompanied with many disadvantages, such as increased amount of apparatus, which^increase the expense involved of pumpingthev oils to a material i extent. v

One of the objects of my invention therefore is to provide an oil pump adapted to pump oil r cally separates the oil and contained gas during the pumping operation, so that the oil and gas may -be taken from the well separately, as well .as separating out theI entrained sand/and sediment particles so that they may be removed from the oil and gas.

A further object of my invention is to provide an oil well of the above character which automatically serves toseparate the oil,'gas, and sand particles pumped from an oil well in'one operation.

A further object' of my invention is to provide an oil pump which is simple in 1 manufacture and operation, which requires small degreev of repair and adjustment, and which is economical in operation.'

A further object is to provide a simple and durable' construction which may be operated continuously without change or adjustment for arelativ'ely long time,

The invention. accordin ly consists in the features of construction, gie combinationkof parts, and in the unique relation of the various members and the relative proportioning and dispositioning thereof, all as more clearly outlined herein. A

To enable others skilled in the art to'fully comprehend the' underlying features thereof, in order that they may embody the same by numerous modifications in structure and relationL contemplated by this ,invention, drawings depicting-a preferredform ofthe invention have been annexed as part of this disclosure, and.in.such drawingsV like char-.ll acters of reference/mdicate corresponding'f parts throughout all thel views, of .which-.-

' Figure 1 is a longitudinal"sectionof` the.

oil well casing and ,contained parts. V/

om an oil well which automati Figure 2 is a section along' lines 2,-2 of Figure 1.

. .Figure 3 is a section along Figure 1. i

Referring now to the drawings and more'A part1cu1arly to Figure 1, the numeral character 10 designates an outer casing lcommon in` oil well` pump construction.' Disposedv within the casing is a pumptube 11 having 65 apertures 12 at the lower portion thereof, adapted to receive the oil enteringthelower portion of the casing 10 from the oil bearing strata. The tubing 11 is screw-threadedto a collar 13 serving as a coupling which unites N the tube 11 and an upper continuation 14 thereof and forming therewith a continued lines 3-3 of An outer tube or pipe 15 surrounds tubto the coupling collar 13. It is seen that an annular chamber, closed atits bottom, is formed between the tubing 14 and 15 for the purpose hereinafter described. The tubing 14' and 15 are coupled at the upper portion 80 thereof by a collar 16, which also serves'to unitthe pipe 14 with a swedge nipple 17. Openings-18 are provided in the coupling 16 and form communicating means opening into the. 'annular chamber between tubingM $5 and 15.

Packing elements 20 and 21 are provided, in the lnature of a swab rubber, which are connected to the collars 13 andv 16 by a 'steel disc 22 pressedV into a cone-shape, while' eo supporting wires 24,` connect the outer rim of the paers 2o and 21 with the tubing 11 and nipple 17, respectively. It is pointed out that the packing members are positioned in reverse relation with respect to one anes other and act as packing members between the tubingl and the outer casing 10. The wires 24 whichl connect the outer rim of the rubbers to the surrounded tubing serve to revent the packing rubbers from foldin m0 ackwardly on themselves and also to hold them' in their proper position while lowering the mechanism into place inthe well, casing. Further, the packing elements serve to hold the pressure within the 'casing `and prevent 105 any .oil from yesca ingexcept thru the perforated pi e 11, w ile the top rubber packing :"21'hol'ds t e oil uponreturn thereof, as will tacle. Y The swedge nipple 17 is enlarged. et its lus upper portion and is screw-threaded into a collar 25,`as shown inFigure 2. There is also threaded into the collar 25 a blind bushing 26 having drilled aboutI its outer portion the apertures 27 which permit the oil' column with its contained gas and sediment content to pass from tubing 14. A tubing 28, forming a working barrel as, hereinafter deseribed, anda continuation of tubing 14, is joined to the blind bushing 26 whichserves to close the bottom opening thereof, and is surrounded by tubing 30 lscrew-- threaded to the collar 25. Outlets 31 are providedin the tube 30 at the upper portion thereofSand the oil 'column with its gas and sediment content passing up between the tubes 28 Vand 30 tlows thru the outlets 31 .where the direction of flov tlereof is deflected.-y 'At this point, the gas separates from the oil and sediment carried thereby, and escapes upwardly between the outlet pipe and casing 10, while the doil with ,the

*entrained sediment settles back into the chamber above the packing member 21. The sand and sediment carried by the oil then settles after passing thru the apertures 18 in collar 16 into the sediment chamber be- ,tween tubes A14 and 15.

The oil is then pumped from' the chambe above the packing element 21 thru openings. 32 in the tubes 28and 30 into the working barrel of the pump, or, as hereinbefore described, thepipe 28. The -oil column then passes thru standin valve 33 in the work mg barrel28, whic is of the usual type, and is advanced further into the working barrel thru a traveling valve 34 arrangedin a iston 35 which is operated by any suitab e means to" reciprocate the'piston rod 36. The tubing 28 and 30 are coupled at the top thereof by means of a bushing 37 screwthreadedV into a collar 38. A swedgenpple Q 40 is likewise screw-threaded to the collar. 38 and is secured at its other end to a discharge pipe 41 by means of a collar 42, forming therewith a solid continued body.

The operation of the deviceis as follows: Upon reciprocat'ion of the pump `piston 35, an oil column withaits contained fgas andL sediment particles is drawn into tube 11`` thru apertures 12, is raised inthe tube 14,

and is dischar ed thrua" -rture 2'(V in the blind bushing 6. The 011 column with its contained gas and sediment particles then passes upwardly between tubes 28 and 30 and is discharged therefrom. and deflected outwardly thru the discharge apertures 31,

`the as at this point being free to separate itsel from the oil and contained sediment, and escaping upwardly between the discharge p1 41 and the casing 10. The oil and contained sediment particles then downwardly between the casing 10 an tubing 30 into the relatively large chamber above the packing element 21. Sand andsediment particles settle thru apertures 18 of the collar 16 into the annular receptacle provided therefor formed between the tubes 14 `and 15, and collar 13. The oil in its relatively pure state is then pumped thru openings 32 into the working barrel 28, due to the suction pressure exerted thereon upon operation of `thepump, from whence it'- passesthru check valves 33 and '34, and is finally raised thru the discharge pipei41` and taken therefrom into any suitable container or receptacle (notshown).

From the above it is evident that the pump, as described, is so arran ed that it' will continuouslyl pump the oil om an oil well and simultaneously cause theentrained y gas carried by the oil to escape from the main oil column thru a pipe, for separate removal,

as well as providing a receptacle into which i the sandand sediment contained in the oil column is filtered therefrom and settles therein, from which it may be separately removed, when necessary. or when desired.

It is further obvious that the above de-` scribed arrangement is such that all of the parts will operate automatically to attain.-

the above set forth objects, and they lare further so simply arran ed as to eliminate, as much as possible, comp' ication and ex in repair, as well as requiring the minimum amount of adjustment.

It is further IISG- pointed out that due to all v .of thel parts belng arranged in a substantially solid body throughout, a struct-ure is provided which has few weak parts and, conversely, has a high degree of rigidity-:and strength. Furthermore, inasmuch as the device as described is construced o* standard pipes and fittings, thecost of installation and repair is` reduced to the lowestpossible minimum.

In view of the above, it will'be seen that the several objects of the invention are achieved and other 'advantageous results attained. As many changes could be made in carrying out the above construction, without departing r it is intended that all matter contained in the above description-#or shown in the accompanying ldrawings shall be interpreted barrel from a-'le'vel below the oil discharge from said tubing.

7 2.In an vapparatus o-fthe character described, in combination; a well casing, a

about Vthe working barrel therein, tubin working barrel, means adap 'to Ilowa from the scope ofthe invention,`

meats@ column of oil with its entrained gas and sand particles upwardly in said tubing, and to change the direction of How of the column of oil upon discharge from the' tubing, whereby the gases are permitted to escape from the oil, means to further change the direction of flow of the il whereby the sedithe entrainedV sand particles from the oil delivered to the working barrel.

lL1. In an apparatus of the character described, in combination, a well casing, tubing within said casing, a working barrel,

lsaid tubing being ,positionedy about said working barrel and having discharge apertures in the upper portion thereol", means adapted to fiow a column .of oil upwardly within said tubing, and to discharge the oil thrulsaid dischargel apertures7 said means acting to deflect the oil upon discharge from said tubing thereby to permit .the gases contained in the oil to escape, and means to raise the oil when freed of the contained gases. Iinto said working barrel from .a point below the discharge of' the Voil from `said tubing.

5. Inv an apparatusI of the character described, in combination, avwell casing, a tubing within said casing, tubing surrounding said first mentioned tube, and forming therewith a chamber closed at` its lower end, a working barrel, tubin in communication with said first mentione tube and positioned about said working barrel, means adapted to flow a column o oil ith its contained 'gas and sediment content iipwardly in said rst mentioned tubing about the working barrel, and to discharge the" oil therefrom, the flow of the oil upon discharge thereofu from said first mentioned tubing being deflected upon said discharge, thereby to permit the gases to escape'fromthe oil and the oil and its contained sediment to settle vin said chamber, means to raise the oil freed of its gas and sediment content from said chamber into said working barrel,

6. In an rapparatus ofthe character described, in combination, a-well casing, a tubing within said casing, a tubing surrounding said first mentioned tubing for a portion of its length and forming with said first mentioned tubingan annuar chamber closed at its bottom portion, packing elements kpositioned between said tubing and said casing, a working barrel, tubing in communication with said rst mentioned tubing and positioned about said barrel for' a portion of its length, means adapted to flow a' column'of oil with'its contained gas and sedimentcontent upwardly in said tubing about said barrel and todischarge the oil from said tubing, the flow of said column of oil and contents thereof being deflected upon its discharge from said tubing, thereby to permit the gases to escape from the oil and causing theV oil and contained sedi-- ment to flow back intoA said chamber, lmeans to separate the sediment from the oil in said chamber, and to deliver the oil freed from its `cas and sediment content from said p chamber into the workin barrel.

7. ln anapparatus o scribed, in combination, a wellcasing, a tube withinsaid casin a 'second tube vsurrounds ing said casing yor a portion of its length and forming therewith a chamber closed at its lower end, a collar uniting said tubes at.

the upper portion thereof and being' apertured to provide an opening into said'chamber, packing elements between said tubesI and said casing, a working barrel closed at Iits lower end, said first mentioned tube be-v ing continued and enlarged to. surround said working,.barrel for a portion of its length, and having discharge Iopenings therein near the upper portion thereof,means adapted tov iiow acolumn of oil with its containd gas and-sediment content upwardly in said first mentioned tube about said barrel`- and to discharge the samethru said discharge openings, thereby to change the direction of flow of said column-of oil to permit the'contained gas to escape from the vcolumn and to cause the oil and contained sediment toiow downwardly between saidcasing and irst' mentioned tubing, means to separate the sand from theioil within the chamber formed by said first and second mentioned tubings, and

means to raise `the oil above said chamber into said working barrel thru inlet openings thereto at its lower, closed portion.

Signed at Casper, Wyoming, this 30th day of April, 1925. ,y

`BENJAMIN H. LYBYER.

the character delos

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