US1697987A - Internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

1,697,987 H. E. MCCRAY INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Jan. 8, 1929.

Inflenm 2 Sheets-Sheet- 1 Original Filed Feb. 15, 1923 Jan. 8, 1929.

v 1,697,987 H. E. M CRAY INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Original Filed Feb. 15, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 r m e f h ll! lll llll e mm\ v Patented Jan. 8, 1929.

HAROLD E. meaning, or NArEaLoo, IOWA, assrenoa ro :rorm DEERE TRACTOR 00M PANY, OEWATERLOO, IOWA, A oorrro'zenrron or IOWA.

InrEENAL-coMBUsrroN ENGINE.

originall application filed February 15, 1923, Serial No. 619,081. Divided and this application filed April 27,

- 1925. Serial No. 25,155.

. My invention relates to internal combustion engines of the horizontal'type such'as are commonly used for operating farm machinery, and my presentapplication, which is a division of my pending application, Serial. No. 619,081, filed February 15, 1928,

and issued Nov. 8, 1927, as Patent No. 1,648,737 has particularly to do with the equipped withthe improvements that constitute the subject matter of this application" y V Fig. 2 is a partial end view of that end of the engine at which the intake and exhaust valves are located; and

Fig. 8 is a partial horizontal section. on

' line 33 of Fig. 2.

In the drawings I have illustrated my'improvements applied to a single cylinder horizontal engine comprising-a hollow base 4 in the form of a casting adapted to be bolted or otherwise secured to a'supporting plate 5, of woodor other suitable material,

and to contain within it a fuel tankt which preferably occupies the greater portion of said base. Mounted upon the base 4 is a crank case 7 having a removable cover 8 secured by bolts .9, and integral with said 'crank. case is a combined cylinder block and water hopper 10 through which a cylinder 11 extends horizontally, as best shown in Fig. 3 and indicated by dotted lines in Fig. 1. A crank shaft 12 extends trans- Tand ismounted in suitable bearings in the side walls thereof,

v aid crankshaft being'connected by a pitm'an 13, indicated by dotted lines in Fig. '1, with a: piston 14 operating in the cylinder 11, asalso indicated by [dotted lines in sald figure. The crank shaft 12 preferably carries two fly-wheels .15, one at each side of valve: seat.

the engine, one of said fly-Wheels'being shown in Fig. 1. The wall of the cylinder block 10, with the cylinder 11, forms a.

water-holding chamber 16,- as shown in Fig. 8, and a removable plug 16 -is provided in the bottom of the cylindervblock for drawing off the water when desired. Electric current for ignition purposes is furnished by a magneto 17 mounted on the crank case 7, as shown in Fig. 1. 1 The inner end of the cylinder 11 opens into the crank case 7 as usual, and itsouter end is closed by a removable head 18, that is secured to the cylinder block by bolts'19 shown in Fig. 2. 'Said headcontains an ignition chamber 20 and an exhaust chamber 21, both of which communicate with. the cylinder 11. The cylinder head 18 has mounted upon itan intake valve 22. and an exhaust valve 23, the former of which normally closes an intake port leading from a mixer body, hereinafterdescribed, while ries;

the latter closes a port leading to the exhaust chamber 21. As shown in Fig. 3, these two valve ports are formed'in the inner face of the cylinder head 18, with the valves opening inwardly into the end of the cylinder; By this construction, the clearance area of the cylinder can be reduced to a relatively small volume, which is desirable in sta tionary farm engines as it enables high compression pressures to'be obtained, which assist in the proper combustion of the lower ber from the'intake pasageway prevents the a carbon'andother residue of unburned fuel oil, which tends to accumulate-in the ignition chamber, fromcollecting on the intake The valves 22 and 23 are normally held seated by springs 24, '25 mounted onthe stems 26, 27 of said valves respectively, as shown in Fig.8. A mufller 28 is connected with theexhaust chamber 21,

so that the exhaust gases are discharged of these stationary engines.

plication filed of even date herewith. As-

sociated iththe'ignition chamber are make and break ignition devices, indicated.

being concerned only with the means for sup lying a proper mixture of fuel elements to t e ignition chamber. 20. Valve operating devices, indicated generally bythe reference numeral 30, serve to open the exhaust valve 28 at the proper time to permit spent gases in the cylinder 11 to be discharged through the exhaust chamber 21 and mufiler 28. y

The. cylinder 11is supplied withhydrocarbon liquid-fuel from the fuel tank 6 througha pipe 31, thelower end of which is connected with an elbow coupling 82, which in turnc'onnects with a pipe 33 leading from the lower portion of the tank 6 and provided With a check-valve 8 1. The coupl1ng 32 and pipe-33 are located. within the base 4, as shown in Fig.1, so that they are well protected. The upperv end of the pipe 31' connects with an intake nozzle or mixer body in theform of a pipethat is integralwith the cylinder head 18 and. extends downward: therefrom, as shown in Fig. 2, its open-lower end being deflected laterally, as shown 2L1)".36 in Fig. 2, and being provided' with a swinging. lid 37 pivoted at 38, by-which the open end of said, mixer body may be wholly: or partially closed to regulate. the admission of air thereto. 1 The pipe 31 connects with a plug .39 screwed into one side of the pipe 35 adjacent to the lowerend thereof, which plug at its inner endis provided with a, valve seat that is adapted to :cooperate, with .the

inner end of a needlevalve 40 mounted in the opposite side of the pipe 35,. as best shown in Fig. 1. Obviously by .screwing the valve 40 in or out, the size of the fuel inlet opening-may .be varied to regulate the volume of liquid fuel admitted to the mixer body 35. The upper end. of said mixer bod communicates with the cylinder 11 throng the port in the cylinderhead 18 that is normally closed by the intake valve 22. It will be-observed from Fig. 3 that theupper end of this mixer body cor-intake passageway is disposed in close proximity to the exhaust chamber 21, both substantially abutting each other with a single-dividing wall intervening." This constructionplac'es these .p

two passageways in close heat transmitting relation, which has thegdesirable. action of preheating ;the mixture passing up through the .mixer body. The intake valve 22 'is opened by the suction of the piston 141, provided the exhaust valve 23" is closedv so that the s'uctionis effected to open said intake with the art, in engines of this type it is desirable, in order to economize fuel, to shut .oif-thespark and hold the exhaust valve open while the fly-wheel continues to rotate above a critical speed, In other words, i

sometimes the flywheel can make quite a numberof revolutions between explosions without dropping below its critical speed,

shut oifthe sparkand hold'theexhaust valve open so that fuel willnot be drawn itnto the cylinder and consumed :except as needed. When, however, the exhaust valveis closed, on the recessive stroke of thepiston, the intake valve22 is opened bythe suction of the piston and a chargeof fuel is drawn into the cylinder from, the mixer body 35, the suction operating not only to draw fuel from the supplytank 6 through the pipe 31 and the valve controlled opening there from into said mixer body, but also to draw air in greater or less ,volume into saidfmixer body throughvthe open lower end thereof. The fuel and; air thus drawn into the mixerbody will be mixed therein during their passage therethrough, so. that when admitted to thecylinder 11 they will be in proper condition for efie'ctive combustion. It will valve, but as is well known to those familiar be noted. that the fuel is discharged ,7

into, the mixer body. 35 at right angles to the direction -,of its movement through said mixer body toward the cylinder, which is an advantageous feature, as by this means sufiicient restriction is provided to make the I engine operate effectively by suction to raise fuel from the base, which is at a lower level than the, cylinder. By adjusting theair controlled plate or lid 37, and the needle valve 40, themixer may benicely regulated so as to secure the most efficient operation of the engine. r e v The featureof making the mixer body orintakenozzle an integral part of a remov- .able cylinder head is an important one, as

to secure by Letters Patent, is'

1. In a single cylinder type of stationary internal combustion engine, thejcombmatloncylinder head .havin intake and exhaust orts formed in theunner face thereof, intake and exhaust valves controlling said it contributes to economy of manufacture ,with a cylinder and piston, of a removable 80 andin such circumstances it is desirable to; p

ports and having their valve stems projecting outwardly from the outer side of said cylinder head, an intake passageway integral with said head and communicating with said intake port and with the atmosphere and comprising a mixer body formed integrally with said head, means for supplying fuel to said mixer body, an ignition chamber formed integrally with said removable head and separately from said intake passageway, and make and break ignition devices'in said chamber.

2. In a horizontal cylinder type of stationary internal combustion engine, the combination of a horizontal cylinder, a piston therein, a removable cylinder head having an intake port disposed substantially centrally in said removable head, an exhaust port in said removable head disposed above and to one side of said intake port, an ignition chamber in said removable head disposed above and to the other side of said intake port, intake and exhaust valves for said ports respectively having their valve stems projecting outwardly from the outer side of said removable head, make and break ignition apparatus in said ignition chamber, intake and exhaust passageways communicating with said intake and exhaust ports, said passageways being in heat transmitting relation for preheating the entering mixture, said intake passageway comprising a mixer body formed integral with said head, and means for supplying the fuel to said mixer body.

chamber.

and to one side of said intake port, an ignition chamber in said removable head disposed above and to the other side of said intake port, intake and exhaust Valves for said ports respectively having'their valve-stems projecting outwardly from the outer side of said removable head, an ignitionblock entering said ignition chamber through the side wall thereof, and stationary and rocking electrodes entering said ignition chamber through said block.

4. In a horizontal cylinder type of stationary internal combustion engine, the combination of a horizontal cylinder, a piston therein, a removable cylinder head having an intake port disposed substantially cen-' trally in said removable head, an exhaust port in said removable head disposed above and to one side of said intake port, anignition chamber in said removable head disposed above and to the other side of said intake port, intake and exhaust valves for said ports respectively having their valve stems projecting outwardly, from the outer side of said removable head, and make and break ignition apparatus in said ignition HAROLD E, MCoRAY;

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