US1696517A - Rotary pump or compressor - Google Patents

Description

G. BERGGREN ROTARY PUMP OR COMPRESSOR 2 Sheets-Sheet Filed Dot. 1925 gwvemtoz flay/5f Baggy/m abhomm G. BERGGREN ROTARY PUMP OR COMPRESSOR F 'iled Oct. '7, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 avian W1 gwvemtoz Y Patented ee, 25, 19286 s r r GUSTAF BERGGREN, F BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, ASSiGNOR TO BEBGGREN ENGINEER- ING CORPORATION, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

'aorenr roivrr on coiariansson.

Application October 7', 1925. Serial No. 61,014.

This invention relates to nieans for pumping liquids or compressing gases, and it more especially appertains to such apparatus that are devoid of reci'procatory main working parts. i

One object of the invention is the production of an apparatus of the character described, offering a minimum of resistance to i being set in motion; practically inoperative particularly adapting it for direct .conneo-- until a predetermined number of revolutions have been reached; and requiring a maximum of power only at full speed, thereby t-ion to an electric motor.

Another object is to produce an apparatus of the. nature set forth capable of simultaneously handling more than one fluid of the same o'rdiflerent sort, at various pressures and quantities. e

A further object is to providean apparatus of the type specified, including an exteriorly disposed rotative member equipped with means acting both as an impeller and to dissipate heat generated thru the work performed,

trifugally governed valves or gates, the working pressure whereof against a cooperating surface, is proportionate to the rotative speed.

An additional object resides in providing an apparatus for the purpose'implied with means controlled by the higher pressure of the fluid displaced, for sealing and lubri-Q' 'panying' drawing, therefore, is submitted cating internally located parts.

A subsequent object is to supply an apparatus of the genus stated, embodying an expansive partition arranged to be gradually engaged and disengaged by the valves coa'cting therewith. :,L

A- general object is to furnish asimple,

noiseless and inexpensive apparatus of the lid class alluded to, composed of few, strong expeditiously assembled or dismantled for renewal or repairs, besides not liable to get I out of working order.

.Succinctly outlined, the invention under oonslderation comprises in its organization, an internal stator held fixedly by one of its eccentrically ofiset ends. This stator is provided with staggered inlet and outlet ports for the'fluid to be, displaced, which ports. are

separated byan obliquelydisposed expan-,

sible partition. Revolving around the aforesaid stator is a rotor, the interior surface of the latter contacting tangentially at one side with the former. Motion is imparted to the rotor at the side thereof that is axially aligned with the-opposite end pf the stator. Gates or= valves carried by the rotor and dividing the chamber intervenient the last named member and the stator into two or more compartments, are centrifugally controlled so that the pressure thereof against the peripheral face of thestator is proportionate tothe speed of the rotor. The sides and circumference of the latter named member have formed thereon vanes. serving both to dissipate heat generated by work performed thru the handling of the fluid, aswell as to set in motion, on the. order of'an impeller within a surrounding casing, a larger quantity of air, but of a lower velocity and pressure;

The advantages of the invention as here outlined are best realized when all of its fea tures andinstrumentalities are combined in the one and same structure, but, useful devices may be produced embodying less than the whole.

It will be obvious to those skilled in the art to which the invention appertains, upon becoming conversant with the details thereof, that the same may be incorporated in several difierent constructions. The acoom preferred exemplition of one form of this invention designed for displacing two different kinds of fluids, parts having been omitted;

Fig. H isa top plan view. of the middle portion of a rotor member shown in the preceding figure, partshaving been leftout;

Fig. Ill is a cross-section taken irregularly member alone; and

' Fig. V is a front elevation of a bracket appearing in Fig. III, looking at the same from the left hand side of the last named figure.

" pertaining trunnion.

Referring now to the annexed drawings for .1 a detailed description of the type of the invention illustrated by Figs. IV inclusive, the

numeral llf'designates a stator element or stationary piston, of annular formation which has trunnions12, 13 that may be of different lengths, extending from. the opposite side faces thereof. These trunnions are preferably formed integral with the stator 11, and have their common axis disposed eccentrically of the same. The longer trunnion 12 is anchored or fixedly held by its outer extremity 14 to a brackctlike support 16.- To this end, the latter is provided-with an enlargement 17 having a shallow pocket 18 within which is received said extremity 14 of the thereto ap At 20 is indicated one of the tap-hole's for reception of cap-screws 21 passing thru clearance openings therefor in the enlargement 17 and adapted to non-rotat ably'secure the said trunnion 12 to the before named bracket.

Thru the conjoined stator, piston and trunnions, run in an axially parallel direction, spaced apart conduits 28, 24, which stop short of the terminal of the shorter trunnion 13. Communicating with these conduits, are sets of passages 25, 26 which as seen most clearly v in Fig. IV, stand in angular relation both to the face as well as to the radiusof the stator proper, the passages of one set being staggered with respect to those of the other set, on opposite sides of an obliquely disposed groove 27. The upper or outer terminals of the aforementioned passages, are scooped out,

point-like, counterwise away from the edges of said groove, and constitute inlet and outlet ports 28, 29, respectively, for the fluid to be handled-or displaced. If desired, the outletpassages 26 may be supplied with ball-checks 30 which coaot with seats 31 formed with the underside of plugs 39 screwed into enlarged outer portions 38 of the said passages 26. In order to hold said check valves 30 against their seats, springs 34 are interposed between the underside of these valves and shoulders 35 produced intermediate the junction of the outlet passages 26 and the enlarged portions 33 thereof. For the purpose of screwing the plugs 32 into their assigned positions, the same have the upper sides thereof provided with square or other polygonally shaped openings 36 adapted to accommodate a similarly formed wrench. The seating of the ballchecks prevents the fluid under pressure from forcing its way out thru the conduit 24.

The entrances to the conduits 23, 24 register with the inner extremities of right-angular ducts 87, 38, which form part of the enlargement 17 pertaining to the bracket 16.

The outer ends of these ducts are adapted to have suitable piping coupled thereto in order to connect up the ports 25, 26, with the supply-anddischarge, respectively, of the gas or liquid to be pumped. It will be perceived that rising from the upper sides of the said ducts 37, 38, are hollow bosses 39, 40, respectivcly, which are threaded internally to receive appropriate oil-cups or lubricators (not shown). i

The upper face of the stator 11 is con.

tasted tangentially by the coacting interior surface of the middle part or'body of a rotor or revolvable. cylinder 42, which bears on in the sides of the said cylindrical part. The

opposed inner faces of the said-heads are designed to have a snug working fit with the corres ondin sides of the stationar )iston- 11. For the purpose of interrela-tively positioning the last-named parts as well'as to insure fluid tightness therebetween, they are provided with tongues 47 on one, engaging correlating furrows 48, or the equivalent thereto, in the other. From the central portions of these heads, project outwardly therefrom, hubs 50, 51, which take over and are supported upon the before named trunnions 12, 18 respectively. Interposed between the exteriors of the latter and the interiors of the said hubs, are removable bearing'sleeves 52, 53, capable of being replaced when worn out. At 54 is indicated that these sleeves are provided with circumferential chamfrets having one or moreorifices 55, which when the rotor is revolved, periodically; register with channels 56 formed in the trunnions 12, 15,

and by preference communicating with the high-pressure or delivery conduit 24. From the foregoing it can readily be seen that 011 which is admitted into the last namedconduit pumped, can escape'in this direction. For the purpose of preventing the gas or liquid which is displaced intermediate the rotating cylinder 42 and the stationary piston 11, from escaping at the free end of the opposite hub 50, the same is furnished with an annular recess 60 around the trunnion wherewith it cooperates. In this recess is lodged a plurality of discs or washers 61, 6 2, alternately touching the surfaces of the trunnion 12 and the said recess, with their interior and exterior edges, respectively. The seepage of oil intervenient the sleeve 52 and the said trunnion, will thereby be forced to follow amigzag course in and out between the faces of the said washers. A. film of lubricantwill thru capillary, action adhere to the adjacent sides of the discs 61, 62, forming therebetween an effective stepped-down seal or barrier against the exit of fluid at that point. To preclude the entrance of dirt into the recess 60, which in fact constitutes a stuflingbox, a follower plate 63 also taking over the mover (not shown). Motion imparted by the latter to the neck 66 is transmitted thru the hub 51'to the rotor composed ofthe before.

where the starting force is comparatively mentioned parts 4442-43. Any disalignment between theaforesaid elements can easily be rectified, either by the interposition of shims, or thru the removal of a small amount of metal from one. or the other of the abutting surfaces 14 and 18, pertaining to the extremitv of the trunnion 12 and the pocket in one another. upon the body portion of the rotor 42. The interiors of these housings are defined by slots 74 that reach transversely of the rotors body, being closed at their ends by the, overlapping sides oftlie heads 43, 44. In said slots 7 4, which constitute valve-chests, are movably contained gates or valves 75 that press with their inner and narrower sides upon the peripheral face of the stator piston.

The valves referredzto, while conforming to the said face of the stator so as to have a fluid tight engagement there-with, extend radially with respect to the rotor 42,*sliding in and out of the slot-like valve-chests 74 as the ro-" for member revolves around the stato'rlclement. The means for urglng these valves against the: latter, consist preferably of a weighted lever 77, one for ea'chthereof, which lever is acted upon by centrifugal force in conformity with the rotative speed of the revolvable cylinder 42. This lever is fulcrumed as denoted at 78 on a pin and has the underside of one of its arms 7 9 impinging against a stem 7 81 that passes thru and is guided in the top of the housing 73. The stem mentioned is rigidly fastened to the outer portion of the valve 75, there being a clearance space 82 between the otuer part of the said valve and the adjacent side of the valve chest 73, which space varies according to the movement of the valve within the latter. The other arm 83 of the valve stem actuatingleverwhich extends in the opposite. direction to the arm first named, is suitably increased in size to afford a. weight 84 at the free end thereof. The purchase ofthe said weighted arm by virtue of the reason of its being located further away from the rotative centre 'of the revolving member 42, overcomes the centrifugal force acting upon the valve 75. The faster the member 42 is rotated, the hztrder the valves are held against the face of the fixed element 11, and conversely, the lower the number of revolutions of the rotor, the less the pressure exerted by the said valves. Thisfeature is of especial advantage for a direct electric motor drive, in view of the fact that the torque of the latter isalways at a minimum before reaching fullspeed. In instances of this kind,

weak and slow at first, the contacting of the valve 7 5 upon the stator will also be so light A that the fluid displaced may easily pass from one side to the other of the said valve, i. e. between the valves inner sides and the face of the stationary element 11'. It is only at a. predetermined speed when the centrifugally governed valve becomes fully operative, ,e. g. preventing the gas or liquid which is being pumped, to bypass from one compartment 85 at one side of the-opposed valves, to an other compartment 86 at the other side of the same valves.

The hereinabove mentioned pin 7 8 for the lever 77 is carried at its extremities in side walls 88 constituting in conjunction with end partitions 89, an outwardly open box 90 extending radially from the body portion 42 of the rotor, but somewhat narrower in width than the latter. ,Within this box whichhas the open top thereof tightly closed by a cover 91, is enclosed the said lever 77 and the outer end of the valve stem 8L The oil in percolating thru the conduit 24, passages 26, channels 56, orifices 55, and lubricating the working faces intermediate the stator 11 and the heads 43, 44, as well as the interior of the rotor body 42, will gradually find or work its' way out betweenthe sides of the slotted chests 73 and the valves 75, as also around the valvestems 81 into the weight-lever enclosing boxes 90, thereby effectively sealing all of the before named parts. J In the herinbefore referred to groove 27, which as best seen with particular reference to Fig. IV, extends obliquely intermediate hzu formed in the said sections. noted, that the part-mg or dividing hne interthe inlet and outlet passages 25, 26, is lodged mediate the latter, runs in a diagonally offset relation to the opposite top and bottom corners of the upper and lower pieces respectively. The action of the springs95 is to press the outer piece of the sectional partition contemporancously against the interior peripheral surface of the rotor body 12 and the inner face of the adjacent head-44c, while the inner section 94 is made to hug the similar side of the other head 43 conjunctively with the bottom of the groove 27. By virtue of the outer sect-ion (93)of this expansible packing standing in an oblique position with respect to the plane of motion followedor swept thru by the valves 75, the last named elements will gradually be brought into contact with as well as leave the said partition, and' not all at once as the same would, if it stood in parallelism with these valves or gates. Wear or minute imperfections be-v 'tween the parts named, which would other- :wise caus'e recurring slight shocks or knocks every time the front or rear edges of the said valves are carried by the rotor. over the aforesaid partition, are thereby entirely eliminated.

It will be perceived that from the exterior of the rotors central body, as well as from the outer sides of the heads thereof, project in radial and lateral directions, plural fins or wings 98,-99 respectively. One of the dual purposes of these fins is primarily to carry off heat generated during compression vi ded. In

of a gas or vapor between the stator and the rotor. The rotary movement of which the latter partakes, greatly augments the heat dissipating effect of said fins 98 and 99. The secondary object of the said wings is toserve in conjunction with the front ends 89 of the housings .90, as impeller vanes within a surrounding casing for setting air inv motion,

the direction of rotation of the revolvable member 42 being denoted by an arrow A. The casing in question, may consist of two halves 101, 102 which for the convenience, can be bolted together at circumferential flanges 103, 104, wherewith they are proconformity with prevailing blower practice, the enclosing casing is arranged in closer proximity to one side of. the impeller vanes, in this instance at the top thereof, while its other or lowerside, has a discharge 105 embodied therewith. The entrance of air, thru suction created by the revolving impeller vanes 98, 99, takes place by way of side openings 106, 107, disposed equidistantly aroi'in'd t e, throats 64, 67 of the necks 50, 51, respectively. The exit of the air thru the discharge opening 105 flows substantially in the direction of an arrow B.

At 109, 110 are shown feet for the blower casing, which feet are arranged in pairs on either side of the'connecting flanges 103, 104. By means of these feet, the casing maybe held down onto the same primary support 0 to which the driving electric motor (not shown) is fastened, thus insuring of proper alignmachines, such as are employed for domestic or family purposes. The refrigerant used, is readily compressed in the chambers intermediate the rotor member and the stator element, while the air set in motion by the vanes on the rotor, can well be directed against the condensers of such machines to cool the same.

Another service for which these apparatus would be suitable, is in the field of liquid fueloil burners, the atomization of the fuel at a high pressure thru a fine nozzle being aceo m plished by the compression member and element. The air for aiding the combustion of the oil sprayed into a furnace, is in this case supplied by the vanes of the blower. In instances where onlycompressed air is re quired, the blower-casing is omitted, the heat generated by compression of the free air .drawn into the compartments intermediate the rotorycylinder and the stator piston being dissipated by the fins on the rotating cylinder'. lVhen it is merely needed to pump a liquid, the this spoken of, may also be dispensed with, the construction of the device, adm tting of operation in either direction.

While a certain preferred embodiment of this device'has been shown and described, it will be understood that changes inthe form, arrangements, proportions, sizes and details thereof may be made; without departing from the scope of the invent-ion as defined-by the appended claims.

Having described my invention what I desire to secure by Letters Patentand claim, 1s:

1*. An apparatus of the class referred to, including internal and external members revolvable one relatively to the other, there being a working space for fluid intermediate of said members, means establishingc'ommuni cation with said space, a gate in-the latter coacting with one of said members to control tive in the latter carried by said rotor, said valve bearing upon the stator to control the flow of fluid thrusaid means, and centrifugally governed means counteracting the out- Ward movement of the valve away from the said stator.

3. An apparatus'of'theclass referred to,

includin an internal element, means sup porting t 1e same stationary, a member rotat-' able eccentrica-lly around said element leaving a working space for fluid at one side thereof, and a centrifugally counterbalanced valve carried by said member coacting wit-h said element. v

4. An apparatus of the class referred to, including internal and external members re? volvable eccentrically one relatively to the other leaving a fluid space at one side thereof, means establishing communication with said space, a gate operativein the latter coacting with one of said'members to control the flow of fluid thru said means, and an expansive partition carried by the other one of the said members having working edges obliquely disposed with respect to those of said gate.

5. An apparatus of the class referred to, including an internal stator, a rotor revolvable therearound serving to displace-a primary fluid, the major portion of said stator being enveloped by said rotor, and vane elements projecting from the sides and face of the latter capable'of setting a secondary fluid in motion. v I

6. An apparatus of the class referred to, including a fixedly held internal element, a member rotatable exteriorly around said'eleincluding aninteinal element held against carried at t ment coacting therewith to displace a pri so mary fluid, and means-carried externally of said member adapted to set a secondary flu d inmotion.

. 7. ,An apparatus of the class referred to,

rotation, an external member revolvable around said element cooperating" with the same to dis lace one kind of fluid, and vanes iie exterior of said member acting to set another kind of fluid in motion, and means defining the direction of said latter fluid.

8. An apparatus of the class referred to, including an internal stator, an external rotor coacting therewith to displace a primary fluid, a casing surrounding said rotor spaced therefrom, and vanes carried on the exterior of the rotor coacting with the interior of the casing to' set a secondary fluid in motion out of the same.

9. An apparatus of the class referred to, comprising an internal stator element, an exeteriorly exposed rotor member revolvable around said element, a valve coacting with the latter, a weighted lever controlling the operating pressure of said valve, means for lubricating the working surfaces of said member, said element and the valve, and an enclosure for said lever capable of receiving lubricant from the last named parts. l

10. An apparatus of the class referred to comprising an internal stator, an exteriorly exposed rotor revolvable around the same, a

valve carried by said rotor coacting with saidstator, a weighted lever controlling the working pressure of said valve against the latter, and a housing forming part of the said rotor, enclosing said lever.

11. An apparatus of the class referred to,

including an internal stator having sidewise 9 projecting parts, a rotor revolvable around said stator provided with ortions taking over said parts, vanes carriedby said rotor, and a casing enclosing the latter and. said vanes standing in spaced relation to said portions.

GUSTAF BERGGREN.

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