US1689064A - Oil burner - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 23, 1928. 1,683,33 7

. T. F. WILLIAMS I OIL BURNER File d Sept. 50, 1925 2 She'ets-Sheet 1 T. F. WILLIAMS OIL BURNER Filed Sept.30, 1925 1 I ZSheets-Sheet 2 w VENTOR w 7990/1/73 A MM 4/47 ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 23, 1928'.

UNITED STATES PATENT oFF1cE.-;

THOMAS E. WILLIAMS, OF KEYIPORT, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO INGLIS UPPERCU,

- OF DEAL, NEW J ERSEY. "1

* on. BURNER.

Application filed September 30', 1925. Serial No. 59,707.

This invention relates to oil burners, and the embodiment as herein disclosed features an improved and novel burner especially adapted for the heating of dwellings etc.

The chief object of this invention is to provide a burner of the kind described that is entirely automatic and positive in its operation. L A further object of this invention is to provide an improved burner that is simple in form and operation and that when the same has been installed, practically takesform of gas at the outlet of the burner, there being no flame at or near the surface of the oil,

Further objects and advantages of the invention will be in part apparent froman inspection of the accompanying drawings and in part will be more fully set forth in the following particular description of one form embodying my invention, and the invention also consists in certain new and novel features of construction and combinations of parts hereinafter set forth and claimed.

In the drawings Figure 1 is a vertical section of the present invention. a I

Figure 2 is an elevation of a portion. of

the invention not included in the showing 24 there is'connected a .tube 27 which enters "an auxiliar ofFig.1. v I

Figure 3 is an, alternative structure of that shown in Fig. 2.

In the resent instance, 10 designates the lower or owl portion of theiburn'er which is formedso as to provide an annular concaved channel 11in which the oil 12. is retained. To the bowl 10 there is attached in' a. removable manner, an upper portion 9 e which is somewhat' constricted towards its axis and adapted to support a furtherportion 15 preferably iconstructed of renular formation of the bowl 10, the surface fractory material and constricted toa greater degree at 16 so as to form in conjunction with the portion 9, a mixing chamber 43 having a relatively narrow axial passage due to the constriction at 16. The annular formation of the bowl 10 provides a central passage or air conductor 13 having an' aperture above the high level of the fuel 12. This 'air conductor connects with an air chamber or base 14, and a heat deflector 17, also preferably formed of refractory material, is mounted above the air conductor 13 upon a pin 18 secured in a web 19.

It will be understood that due to the anarea of the fuel contained therein can be increased or decreased by raising or lowering the level of the fuel, and in consequence thereof, the surface of the fuel which is exposed to the reflected heat will generate more or less vapor dependent on its greater or lesser area. Accordingly the amount of heat generated by the burner will depend upon the height at which the fuel is maintained in the bowl 10.

The fuel is conducted from a source of supply (not shown) to a control mechanism 20 by means of an opening 21 therein, and thence to the bowl 10 of the burner by means of the pipe 22. 2 This control mechanism is 85 adapted to be pro-set so as to limit the thermal output of the burner to any predetermined maximum suitable to meet the requirements of any particular installation. Inother words, the device is set in a manner t to be hereinafter described, so as to provide heat sufiicient for either a small or large building. Within a float chamber 23 there is supported for vertical movement in either direction a float cage 24, which is raised or lowered by a rod 25 and a manually operable lever 26.. To the lower portion of the cage "operated y'a, solenoid 34 and an auto'transformer 34,' which are controlled "by a 'thermostat 'thatis responsive to changes 11o temperature and which operates. within certain preset limits so as to open or close the circuit 36. A screw 37 is provided b which an adjustment can be made so t at the valve will always bypass a minimum amount of fuel to the burner or sufficient to fill a recess40 in the lower portion of the bowl and thus maintain therein a pilot light to insure constant operation of the burner under any and all changes of temperature.

A fan blower 42 having a driving connection with a motor 42 rovides a forced draught, of air to the mlxing chamber 43 by the medium of a pipe 44 which enters the base 14, and a relatively large diameter tube 45 is also provided by means of which a natural, flow of air may be maintained when for any reason the-blower ceases in its operation.- The tube 45 isprovided with a shutter v 46 which normally remains closed during the operation of the blower so as to prevent the forced flow of air from passin out through the relatively large diameter the burner tu instead of entering the burner, it being understood that both the pipe 44 and the tube. 45 have connection with the base 14.

. The shutter 46 is operated by ,a solenoid'49- and an auto transformer 49 which are also bontrolled by the thermostat 35. Y

With reference to Fig. 3 there is shown an alternative structure in which the tube 45is connected directly to the blower 42,

.the smaller pipe 44 being eliminated. With" the particular construction as shown in Fig,"

3a natural flow of air can'be conve ed to' the burner by means of the same tu an entrance for the air being provided in this.

instance by the opening 50 in. the side of the blower. The lower portion of the burner is connected by means ofa pipe 52' to a Suitable receptacle 53 into which the oil sludge isdrained by gravity.

Asmall'priming cup 54 is connected to y meansof a pipe- 55;"

The operationof the burner is as follows: A quantity of fuel is permitted to flow into the burnerandia fewdrops of gasoline from the; cup '54 addedthereto for purposes of igmtion. When suflicient heat has been generated by the direct burning of the oil to efiectively. heat both the deflector 17 and above-the por the u ist portion'15 of the burner, the reflec eat upon the surface of the oil will cause a vapor to arise therefrom which will rapidly increase in volume 'as the heat 'degrtions bwomee more and more hea ythe admixture of air with this vapor, .(thedirection offair currents being acres thearising vapor and as indicated by in drawings) a gas willbe tion 16 of theburneLJThe floatchamber 21 him-of the lever 26 to some as the oil flows L HUI period or until some of the oilinthe bowl has been consumed. As has been said hereinbefore, the setting of the float cage 24 determines the miximum output of the burner for that particular installation.

It is assumed that during the above described operation of starting the burner, that the room temperature is below normal or below that at which the thermostat 35 has been set to function. In consequence thereof the thermostat will be in its closed position as shown, thus permitting the current to flow to the motor 42 so asto drive the blower 42 and create a forced draught. The flow of the current through the circuit 36 also reacts onthe solenoids 34 and 49 and their associated auto transformers thus maintaining the shutter 46 in a closed posit-ion and the valve 33 in a fully opened position. The .valve 33 will thus permit the oil to flow through the pipe 22 to the burner until 't reaches the height atwhich the controlmechanism 20- is set.

When the room temperature rises to a degreecorresponding with the setting of the thermostat 35, the thermostat will open the circuit 36 and, as a result thereof the blower will cease to operate; the shutter 46 will 1 conditions enough heat is generated to main- .ta1n the desired temperature within the dwelling, the exterior temperature being a factor in the maintenance of the same, the burner, will continue to operate under a natural draught. Should 'the room' temperature drop however at anytime to a ointbelow the present limit, the. circuit-will again be tube '45 and the valve 33 will closed, .the blower set into operation again, the shutter 46 closed and the valve 33 opened,

thus immediately increasing the thermal out put of the burner. The above describe'doporation will continue in cycles, the duration of each cycle being dependent upon exterior climatic conditions, or upon the. extent to which the exterior air is the building.

' Shouldthe flow of electrical current'in the main line cease for any length of time due to a break in the line or other causes, the blower permitted to enter will cease to function and the burner will I operate on. natural draught. as the shutter 46 ping of the I r 1,689,064 I j relatively smaller inter-,

mediate its ends so as to prov-idea co'iistrict-= ed'axial assa'ge ov'er -said,mixing chamher, an a conductor extending centrally through the bowl with an aperture above the fuel level, and-a deflectordisposed weather andthat-it is not-dependent entirely as to its efficient operation upon the cont'nuance of the electrical energy inthe circuit.

Attention is directed to the fact that the upper portion of the'burner and the deflector 17 with can readily be removed for cleaning purethe construction as shown,

poses, a It should be understood that the embqdi-I I ment as described is preferabl used in conjunction with a suitable heat distributing device such as a steam-boiler or furnace.

' have pointed. out in the annexed claims cjertainnovel features of myinvention, it wlll be understood that various omissions, sub-- stitutions and changes in form and detail of the device "illustgated and in its operation may be made-by thdse skilled in the art without departing from-the spiritof the inven;

tion. v 4 Having thus described my invention,

1. A burner contain a variable quantity "of liquid fuel said'bowl being so formed that the surface v of the cla'ssdescribed, com prising in combination a bowl adapted to area of the fuel contained therein will be in-- creased or decreased in accordance, with the quantity of fuel, a member removably' mounted upon said bowl'said member roviding ainixin'g chamber above the bow an element mounted upon said member andof above said air conductor, and extending said axial passage;

throlrlgh V K 2.- n a liquid fuel burner," the combination of a bowl providing an' annular concavedchannel adapted to contain-a quantity of bowl said, members so formed as to provide a a mixing chamber and an axial passa e of relatively smaller diameter, and a de ector disposed over said air conductor and extends ing through said axial passage, and means adapted to conduct the'.fuel to the bowl. While I have shown and described and combination of a bowl adapted to contain a 3. In apparatus of the class described, the

quantity of liquid fuel said bowl being so formed thatthe surface area of the fuel connarrow axial -fiassage, an air, conductor exy through said bowl and pro-- tending centra vided' with an aperture disposed above the level of the fuel, a deflector disposed above said air" cond'uctor, a, conduit adapted to. convey the fuel to the bowl, and means have ing connection with said conduit and adapted liquid fuel and so formed as to provide a to maintain the fuel in the 'bowlat a prede v termined heiggit, f v a v -Signed at eyport, in the county of Monmouth and State of New Jersey, this 22nd day of September A. 13.1925.

Images