US1688247A - Alloy and its application to the manufacture of electrical conductors - Google Patents
Alloy and its application to the manufacture of electrical conductors Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1688247A US1688247A US159497A US15949727A US1688247A US 1688247 A US1688247 A US 1688247A US 159497 A US159497 A US 159497A US 15949727 A US15949727 A US 15949727A US 1688247 A US1688247 A US 1688247A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- alloy
- aluminium
- iron
- nickel
- metal
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 18
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 title description 18
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 title 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 34
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 32
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 17
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 17
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 13
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 5
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910002059 quaternary alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- -1 nickel-iron-aluminium Chemical compound 0.000 description 2
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001127 Nickel-Iron-Aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
Definitions
- the subjects of this invention are quaternary alloys of iron, nickel, aluminium and a variable fourth element.
- chromium has been found to be particularly advantageous, as suitable alloys of
- a feature of this invention is that whereas in' nickel-iron-aluminium alloys (in which nickel predominates and where the aluminium exceeds 3%) forgeability is diflicult, 1n
- alloys are termed quaternary alloys, yet they may contain a small percentage of a deoxidizing metal, such as ,manganese, cadmium or magnesium.
- An alloyfree from carbon composed of 6 to 17% iron, 1 to 5% aluminium, 1 to 5% of a fourth metal for increasing the electrical resistance and selected from a group comprising chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, or silicon, a small percentageofa deoxidizing metal, and the balance nickel;
- An alloy free from carbon composed of i 6 to 17% iron, lto 5% aluminium, 1 to 5% chromium, a small percentage of a deoxidizing metal, and the balance nickel.
- An alloy free from carbon composed of 6 to 17% iron,- 1 to 5% aluminium, 1' to 5% of a fourth element for increasing the electrical resistance and selected from a group comprising chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, or silicon, a small percentage of manganese, and the balance nickel.
- An alloy freefi'om carbon composed of 6 to 17% iron, 1 to 5% aluminium, 1 to 5% chromium, a small percentage of manganese, and the balance nickel.
- An alloy free from carbon composed of 6 to 17 iron, 1 to 5% aluminium,1 to 5% of a metal in Class VI of the periodic system, and the balance nickel.
- An alloy free from carbon composed of 6 to 17 iron, 1 to 5% aluminium and 1 to 5% of a metal in Class VI of the periodic system, a small percentage of a deo'xidizing metal, and the balance nickel.
- An alloy free from carbon composed of iron 8 to 11%, aluminium 2 to 3% and a fourth metal 2120 3%, said metal increasing the electrical resistance and being selected from a group comprising chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, or silicon, and. 'the balance nickel, but, however, not less,
- An alloyfree from carbon composed of iron 8 to 11%, aluminium 2 to 3%and a fourth metal 2 to 3%, said metal increasing the electricalresistance and being selected from a group comprising chromium, molyb-' denum, tungsten, vanadium, or *silicon, a
- the balance nickel -not,,.however, less than 3%, and the balance nickel, not, however, less than 84%.
Description
Patented Oct. 16, 19 2 8.
UNITED STATES A 1,688,247 PATENT OFFICE.
'WILLOUGHBY STATHAM SMITH, OF NEWTON POPTLEFORD, HENRY JOSEPH GARNETT,
OF SEVENOAKS, AND JOHN ANGEL HOLDEN, OF GIDEA PARK, ENGLAND.
ALLOY AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE UFACTURE OF ELECTRICAL CONDUCTOBS.
No Drawing. Application filed January 6, 1927, Serial No. 159,497, and in Great Britain July 10, 1820.
The subjects of this invention are quaternary alloys of iron, nickel, aluminium and a variable fourth element. As a fourth element, chromium has been found to be particularly advantageous, as suitable alloys of A feature of this invention is that whereas in' nickel-iron-aluminium alloys (in which nickel predominates and where the aluminium exceeds 3%) forgeability is diflicult, 1n
the quaternary alloys herein described this difficulty does not'exist.
. According to this invention a quaternary alloy free from carbon compr1sesr Per cent. Iron 6-1 Aluminium L 1- 5 A fourth element. 1- 5 I Nickel the balance.
Although these alloys are termed quaternary alloys, yet they may contain a small percentage of a deoxidizing metal, such as ,manganese, cadmium or magnesium.
To obtain the highest resistance and the highest initial permeability the percentages can be still more narrowly defined as Per cent. Iron. 8-11 Aluminium 2- 3 A fourth element 2- 3 Nickel the balance, but not less than 84%.
Thus an alloy containing Nickel the balance when forged, drawn to wire and annealed at 900 C. had'the following properties Electrical resistance 67.5 microhms percm. Initial permeability 8000.
I An alloy free from carbon containing Per cent. Iron I 17.0 Aluminium 2.0 Chromium 1.5
Per cent. I
and the balance nickel,-when forged, drawn to fine w1reand annealed at 900 C. gave a permeability-of 8000 in a field of .001 gauss and 11,500 in a field of .1 gauss together with an electrical resistance of 44.4 microhms per When either the aluminium or the fourth element is given a content approaching its maximum content, the magnetic permeability of the alloy in weak fields will be very con siderably reduced, but the fall will not be so great if the iron content approaches the minimum iron content i, e. 6%. Thus an alloy containing Per cent. Iron -1 Aluminium 2.8 Chromium 5 Nickel the balance I 7 forged, drawn to wire and heat treated had an initial permeabilityof 3000 and an electrical resistance of 80 microhms per em These alloys are very sensitive to heat treatment and in those applications where minimum hysteresis is a very important factor, such as for the wires and tapes used in submarine telegraph .cable systems, great care is necessarynot to over anneal the alloys. For fine wire (from 30 to 40 standard wire, gauge) thin stampings (.006 inches to .020 inchesthick) two minutes annealing at 880 C. inan inert. atmosphere, such as nitrogen, followed by rapid cooling, will develop the magnetic permeability and the-hysteresis will bealmost negligible. What we claim is 1. An alloy free from carbon composed of 6 to 17% :iron, 1 to 5% aluminium, 1 to 5% of a fourth metal for increasing the electrical resistance and selected from agroup comprising chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, or silicon and the balancenickel. I 2. An alloy free from carbon composed of 6- to 17%iron, 1 to 5% aluminium, 1 to 5% chromium, and the balance nickel.
3. An alloyfree from carbon composed of 6 to 17% iron, 1 to 5% aluminium, 1 to 5% of a fourth metal for increasing the electrical resistance and selected from a group comprising chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, or silicon, a small percentageofa deoxidizing metal, and the balance nickel;
4. An alloy free from carbon composed of i 6 to 17% iron, lto 5% aluminium, 1 to 5% chromium, a small percentage of a deoxidizing metal, and the balance nickel.
5; An alloy free from carbon composed of 6 to 17% iron,- 1 to 5% aluminium, 1' to 5% of a fourth element for increasing the electrical resistance and selected from a group comprising chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, or silicon, a small percentage of manganese, and the balance nickel.
6. An alloy freefi'om carbon, composed of 6 to 17% iron, 1 to 5% aluminium, 1 to 5% chromium, a small percentage of manganese, and the balance nickel.
7. An alloy free from carbon composed of 6 to 17 iron, 1 to 5% aluminium,1 to 5% of a metal in Class VI of the periodic system, and the balance nickel.
8. An alloy free from carbon composed of 6 to 17 iron, 1 to 5% aluminium and 1 to 5% of a metal in Class VI of the periodic system, a small percentage of a deo'xidizing metal, and the balance nickel.
9. An alloy free from carbon composed of iron 8 to 11%, aluminium 2 to 3% and a fourth metal 2120 3%, said metal increasing the electrical resistance and being selected from a group comprising chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, vanadium, or silicon, and. 'the balance nickel, but, however, not less,
than 84%.
10. An alloyfree from carbon composed of iron 8 to 11%, aluminium 2 to 3%and a fourth metal 2 to 3%, said metal increasing the electricalresistance and being selected from a group comprising chromium, molyb-' denum, tungsten, vanadium, or *silicon, a
small percentage of adeoxidizing metal, and
the balance nickel,-not,,.however, less than 3%, and the balance nickel, not, however, less than 84%.
In testimony that we claim the foregoing as our invention, we have signed our names this 21st day of December, 1926.
WILLOUGHBY sTATH AM SMITH. HENRY JOSEPH GARNETT. JOHN ANGEL HOLDEN.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB1688247X | 1926-07-10 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1688247A true US1688247A (en) | 1928-10-16 |
Family
ID=10888443
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US159497A Expired - Lifetime US1688247A (en) | 1926-07-10 | 1927-01-06 | Alloy and its application to the manufacture of electrical conductors |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1688247A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3607243A (en) * | 1970-01-26 | 1971-09-21 | Int Nickel Co | Corrosion resistant nickel-chromium-iron alloy |
-
1927
- 1927-01-06 US US159497A patent/US1688247A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3607243A (en) * | 1970-01-26 | 1971-09-21 | Int Nickel Co | Corrosion resistant nickel-chromium-iron alloy |
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