US1674837A - Carbonaceous fuel and process of making same - Google Patents

Description

. s ra MFEED OBEELE, OE CHICAGO,

can

ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR "IO UNIVERSAL GIL'PBO DUCTS GOEPAM, E GEICAGO, ILLINOIE, A CORPORATION, OF EfSOUTH DAKOTA.

CAEl ZOHACEOUS FUEL AND PROCESS OF MAKING SAME.

Eo Drawing. application filed May a, 11923, Bllfifli Ho. 837,878. Renewed January 13, 925.

- This invention relates to improvements in carbonaceous fuel, and a process of making the same, and refers more particularly to,,a fuel made from the carbon deposited incon- 6 nection with the treatment of hydrocarbon oils, and particularlythe' carbonaceous substance separated from the 'oil during the cracking or destructive distillation thereof. 7 Among the is provide a process in which carbonaceous substance deposited during the distillation and cracking of hydrocarbon oils, are treated with steam under relatively high temperatures and pressures to produce an adsorbing no substance whichjs subsequently treated with hydrocarbon gases to produce a readily combustible fuel; to provide a process in which the deposited carbonaceous,substances may be first transiormed into activated carbon 90 and then satiated "with gas, producing a fuel which has a high B; t. 11. content and readily combustible in any type of furnace.

iVith the distillation of oils such as crude oils, fuel oils, or in the pressure conversion or cracking of gas oils, fuel oils or other types of hydrocarbons whichmay be treated to produce refined products, there is a resultant carbonaceous substance which has the characteristic of forming in a coky mass, either suspended in the residual substance which comprises a Niscousscmi-solid liquid, orwhen treated in a coking still the carbonaceous substance may be reduced practically to dry coke. This carbonaceous material is substantially pure carbon having been deposited from the body of the oil during: the conversion reaction.

Particularly in connection with the destructive distillation of hydrocarbon oils such as gas oil, fuel oil, and like hydrocarbons there is deposited during the conversion of the oil a considerable quantity of carbon which in some instances is disposed of as waste material, and if utilized at all for fuel is difficult to burn due to its content of viscous substances which prevent efiicient combustion. Also, unless treated in some manner, this deposited carbon is exceedingly oily and dirty to handle. i

Thereis however, contained in this carbonaceous residue -a considerable quantity of ingredients whchmay be removed and fill utilized for useful purposes, and at the same time convening the residue into a more fifldosirablefuei, I

objects of the invention are to Toproduce a fuel having a high B. t. u. content, this carbonaceous material is treated with steam atdhigh temperatures and pressures. After being subjected to this treat ment for a considerable period of'time, the steam and moisture which may be present In the form of vapor, is drawn off and the material dried while being subjected to a reduced pressure. This treatment extracts the vvater vapor and ingredients removed by the steam treatment. After the reduced pressure treatment, the incondensable gas, or a mixture of gases suitable for heating purposes is forced under pressure into the mass of carbonaceous material. Subsequent to the steam treatment the residue is activatcd carbon, and when subjected to thetreatment of gases under pressure, the carbon will adsorb the gases introduced thereto, giving a resultant product somewhat simi- 7 hr in form to petroleum coke. The treatment with incondensable gases is continued sufficiently long to secure com lete adsorption of the gas by the activate carbon.

An example of the treatment is toadd steam to the carbonaceous residue produced by the pressure conversionor cracking of hydrocarbon oils, and raise the temperature of the mixture from 300 to 600 -F., while maintaining pressures in excess of ten pounds above atmospheric, .The steam is blown through the body of the carbon in order to more thoroughl permeate and penetrate through the car onaceous substance. This treatment is continued until the Water vapors or steam hasbecn thoroughly intermixed with the carbonaceous residue relieving from the residue certain. volatile'materials and objectionable ingredients to the fuel. The residue is then subjected to a reduced pressure torelieve the steam and water vapor from the carbonaceous body, after Whichan incondensable gas is introduced to the activated carb'onand is permitted to be adsorbed into the "carbon body This incon- U dcnsable gas is preferablyof such a character as that formed during the cracking or destructive distillation of oils, and is normally returned and burned as fuel beneath the cracking stills. Any type of gas however, 1%

which is of a combustible character maybe used, and will "be readily adsorbed by the activated carbonaceous material. This gas is kept in contact with the activated carbon until the carbon body is entirely satiated, or.

until complete adsorption has taken place. This adsorption action is promoted'by maintaining ressure upon the gas during its con tact Wit the activated carbonaceous material. It also causes the carbon to take up a maximum amount of gas. v

subsequent to this gas treatment, the car bonaceous body is removed from the receptacle, container or retort inqvhich it has been treated,-and,is ready for-use as fuel.

I claim as my invention:

.1. A; process formaking carbonaceous fuel consisting in treating the residue resulting from the destructive distillation or cracking of, petroleum hydro-carbons with steam uncler pressure, subsequently drying the treated residuesby subjecting it to a reduced pressure, and then bringing a combustible gas in contact with the material-to be adsorbed thereby- 2 A process for making carbonaceous fuel consisting in treating the residue resulting from the cracking of petroleum hydro-carbons With steam under pressure, subsequent- 'ly drying the treated'residue by subjecting it to a reduced pressure, and in then bringing a combustible incondensahle gas pro-' 'duced during the cracking of the'hydrocarbon in Contact with the material under pres sure tobe adsorbed thereby.

' ALFRED OB'ERLE. I