US1671484A - Method of treating alloys - Google Patents
Method of treating alloys Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1671484A US1671484A US585856A US58585622A US1671484A US 1671484 A US1671484 A US 1671484A US 585856 A US585856 A US 585856A US 58585622 A US58585622 A US 58585622A US 1671484 A US1671484 A US 1671484A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- silicon
- alloys
- iron
- temperature
- treating
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/005—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment of ferrous alloys
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S72/00—Metal deforming
- Y10S72/70—Deforming specified alloys or uncommon metal or bimetallic work
Definitions
- My invention relates .to ferrous alloys, such as silicon and similar steels, more especially to a "method of treating such alloys to make them readily workable mechanically.
- silicon imparts to iron or steel hardness and brittleness that render silicon-iron-or steel alloys of more than about 4% silicon difficult to work and of little value except in castings.
- alloyed silicon is'to raise the temperature at 4 which brittleness is appreciable, slowly for the first 2% silicon, thereafterat a more rapid rate, until it reaches atmospheric temperatures at about 4% Si.
- an elevation of the temperature at which deformation is attem ted, proportioned to the silicon content ylelds temporary ductility.
- the temperature of treatment of ferrous alloys to give temporary ductility ranges from about 30 to about 200 C.
- the working temperatures at which cal alterations while within this temperathe physical properties of alloys are altered ture range, the temperature of working beto obtain greater temporary ductility may ing proportionallto the amount of alloying 5 vary from a temperature somewhat above metal insaid' alloys.
- the amount of silicon or other loys containing from 4 to 8% silicon which substance permissible in such alloys maybe comprises heating said alloys to temperavaried to obtain an alloy having desired tures above 30 C. and below a visible heat 10 characteristics.
- the alloys may contain and subjecting them to mechanical alteraother ingredients, such as manganese, phostions while within this temperature range.
- the method of working iron-silicon alpurities or are added to modify the characloys containing from I to 8% silicon which teristics of the alloy. comprises heating "said alloys to tempera- I claim as my invention: tures above 30 and below 200 C. and tlien 1.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Soft Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Description
- {Patented May 29, 1928. i
UNITED. STATES PATENT OFFICE.
NORMAN B. IPILLING, OF WILKINSBURG, TENNSYILVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO WESTING- HOUSE ELECTRIC & MANUFACTURING VANIA.
No Drawing.
My invention relates .to ferrous alloys, such as silicon and similar steels, more especially to a "method of treating such alloys to make them readily workable mechanically.
It is among the objects of this invention to provide a metliod of treating ferrousalloys which shall render them readily workable by mechanical operations, such as bend ing, stamping, drawing, shearing or the like.
It is a further object of-this invention to provide a'method of treating ferrous 'alloys which shall be simple, inexpensive and practical for use in the commercial adaptation of such ferrous alloys. I
It is generally known that silicon imparts to iron or steel hardness and brittleness that render silicon-iron-or steel alloys of more than about 4% silicon difficult to work and of little value except in castings. However,
- silicon-iron or steel alloys have low hysteres'is and eddy-current losses and, therefore, are specially advantageous for utiliza tion in the manufacture of transformer cores and armature and stator structures in electrical machines, in which the steel is utilized in thin-sheet form. a
I have found: that certain grades of silicon steel, such as are used in electro-magnet're devices, exhibit excessive brittleness when an attempt is made to work them. This is made manifest by the inability of the metal sheets to withstand such operations as cut- 'ting,shearing, stamping, drawing or similar operations in which a certain amount of,
. formation at arslightly elevated temperature.
Thus, in a particular case in which the silicon steel had a composition S'i4.69% Mn-0.32%, a 14 mil thick sheet was so brittle that a strip bent with the fin ers through an ang1e'o f 90 cracked in two w on METHOD OF TREATING ALLOYS.
COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF PENNSYL- Application filed September 2, 1922. Serial No. 585,856..
heated to 100 C. the same sheet could not only be bent, but the bend flattened with a hammer blow without fracture.
It appears that the brittleness which has been noted in silicon steel is a modification .of the brittleness which even iron of the highest purity (electrolytic, vacuum fused) develops at sufliciently low temperatures, ap-
proximately 110 C. The action of alloyed silicon is'to raise the temperature at 4 which brittleness is appreciable, slowly for the first 2% silicon, thereafterat a more rapid rate, until it reaches atmospheric temperatures at about 4% Si. For higher percentages of silicon, an elevation of the temperature at which deformation is attem ted, proportioned to the silicon content, ylelds temporary ductility.
From the discovery that. the brittleness is not a peculiar property of iron-silicon alloys, but that it is a'modification of the low-temperature brittleness of iron, I have concluded that ductility may be produced in other. ferrous alloys in which the alloying elements are in solid solution by increasing the temperature at which mechanical deformations are conducted. I have found that an iron-aluminum alloy, containing about 7% aluminum, which was so brittle when cold as to be unworkable cguld be hammered and otherwise deformed at a temperature of 150 C. without difficulty.
Generally, the temperature of treatment of ferrous alloys to give temporary ductility ranges from about 30 to about 200 C.
It will be evident from the above descrip};
tion ofmy invention that, by treatingsilicon and other steels 'in accordance therewith, a larger amount of silicon may be used in commercial electrical steels, since'it is. possible to readily work the same'in the above-described manner. Another advantage of my method of treating ferrous alloys, such as silicon steel, is that the treated metals are not as destructive on 'dies' and other machine tools, resulting in a considerable increase of life which reduces the expense of manufacture.
. Although I have described a specific em bodiment of this invention, itwill be obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications may be made in the details of.
the process herein set forthwithout departing from the principles thereof. For inheat and then subjecting'them to mechanistance, the working temperatures at which cal alterations while within this temperathe physical properties of alloys are altered ture range, the temperature of working beto obtain greater temporary ductility may ing proportionallto the amount of alloying 5 vary from a temperature somewhat above metal insaid' alloys.
atmospheric to a temperature below a vis- 3. The method of working iron-silicon alible heat. The amount of silicon or other loys containing from 4 to 8% silicon which substance permissible in such alloys maybe comprises heating said alloys to temperavaried to obtain an alloy having desired tures above 30 C. and below a visible heat 10 characteristics. The alloys may contain and subjecting them to mechanical alteraother ingredients, such as manganese, phostions while within this temperature range.
phorus and carbon, which are present as im-' 4. The method of working iron-silicon alpurities or are added to modify the characloys containing from I to 8% silicon which teristics of the alloy. comprises heating "said alloys to tempera- I claim as my invention: tures above 30 and below 200 C. and tlien 1. The method of working iron-silicon alsubjecting them to mechanical alterations ,loys containing about 4 to 8% silicon which while within this temperature range, the
comprises heating said alloys to a temperatemperature of working being proportional ture above 30 and below 200 C. and subto the amount of alloying metal in said jecting them to mechanical alterations While alloys. v
within this temperature range. In testimony whereof, I have hereunto 2. The method of working iron-silicon subscribed nay name this 17th day of Aualloys containing from 4 to 8% silicon gust,1922.
which comprises heating said alloy s to tem- I peratures above C; and below'a visible NORMAN B. FILLING.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US585856A US1671484A (en) | 1922-09-02 | 1922-09-02 | Method of treating alloys |
US131113A US1744242A (en) | 1922-09-02 | 1926-08-23 | Method of treating alloys |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US585856A US1671484A (en) | 1922-09-02 | 1922-09-02 | Method of treating alloys |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US1671484A true US1671484A (en) | 1928-05-29 |
Family
ID=24343256
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US585856A Expired - Lifetime US1671484A (en) | 1922-09-02 | 1922-09-02 | Method of treating alloys |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US1671484A (en) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2953794A (en) * | 1939-06-07 | 1960-09-27 | Paul W Klooz | Process of forging pre-warmed metal stock within relatively low temperature limits |
US2994952A (en) * | 1955-08-29 | 1961-08-08 | Paul W Klooz | Forging process |
US20100066180A1 (en) * | 2004-03-03 | 2010-03-18 | Bsh Bosch Und Siemens Hausgerate Gmbh | Linear drive device provided with an armature body having a magnet carrier |
-
1922
- 1922-09-02 US US585856A patent/US1671484A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2953794A (en) * | 1939-06-07 | 1960-09-27 | Paul W Klooz | Process of forging pre-warmed metal stock within relatively low temperature limits |
US2994952A (en) * | 1955-08-29 | 1961-08-08 | Paul W Klooz | Forging process |
US20100066180A1 (en) * | 2004-03-03 | 2010-03-18 | Bsh Bosch Und Siemens Hausgerate Gmbh | Linear drive device provided with an armature body having a magnet carrier |
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