US1658404A - Telegraphy - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 7; 192s.

W. M. BRUCE. JR

TELEGRAPHY Filed June 23. 1924 Feb. 7, 192s. 1,658,404

w. M. BRUCE, .1RA

TELEGRAPHY- y Filed June 23. 1924 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Mmm Feb. 7, 1928.

' 1,65sg4o4- W.- M. BRUCE, JR

TELEGRAPHY u 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 www@ www

Feb. 7, 192s. 1,658,404

W. M. BRUCE, JR

TELEGRAPHY Fileduime 2s, 1924 sheets-sheet 5 fr. @H @13 lmateiited Feb. 7, 1928.

WILLIAM ivi. BRUCE, Jn., on srnrnerinnn; orafo.

TELEGRAPHY.

Application sied June es.

My invention relates to improvements in telegraphy and it especially relates'l to methods and apparatus for operating printers over long lines or `submarine cahles having large capacities although itis adapt ed for almost any hind of telegraphy. p

ne of the principal objects of this invention is to obviate the use of synchronizing mechanism at `repeating orv receiving stations, Where long lines or a chain of linesv or cables are used.

ln the present state of the art it has been necessary to provide some form 0f synchronizing mechanism at repeating or receiving stations in order that the signal impulses may be applied to the particular` work to be performed and within the proper time element. rEhese synchronizing devices have been of various forms, thosewhich are corrected locally by means of tuning forks and similar devices and others which have heen corrected by the line signal. ln all cases, however5l of which I am aware more or lessintricate and expensive mechanismis necessary in order to effect this synchronism.

my improved method I dispensev With these synchronizing devices by supplying reversals to the conductor from anl ordinary terminal battery and supplying ythese reversals by constantly operating mechanism which will cause'these reversals ofv What l term a fundamental frequencyto ther line or conductor at all times. Such reversal will be supplied at a Yspeed Which yis proportioned to the ultimate speed at Which the conductor 'is ciipable of passing these impulses. rl`hese impulses Yare not of a. con`- tinuous alternating current character but are broken impulses formed by'any satisfactory pole changer and as before stated will be supplied constantly to the conductor over which the signal impulses are to be transmitted. i i

it the receiving end these impulses Will be applied to a suitable receiver Which'xvill impart to apparatus at receiving station the same reversals and at the same speed. so as to-repeat these reversals Vor the fundamental frequency into other conductors ory other apparatus and at theterminal receiving-.sta` tion. utilizing these reversals for operating the mechanism of the printer orotherterminal r' feiving device. f

These reversals it should he understood'` are independent ofthe signalimpulses and are transmitted to the conductor continuieefi. serial no. 721,71?.

ously whether signal impulses are supplied to the conductor or not. They may be supplied from the saine source of current or from a different sourceas Will be pointed out more particularly `lieieinafter.but the underlying feature of the invention is to provide means for operating repeating apparatus or translating apparatus such yas printers from these continuous reversals of what I have before referred to as a funuamental frequency. l

In using the Words fundamental frequency it should be herne in mind that this frequency need not be const-ant but is Vused only in the sense that fundamental frequencies operate certain intermediate and terminal apparatus as distinguished from the signalling impulses which per se have no part in the operationof the apparatus except that part of it which relates specilically to the signal itself.

llhese fundamental frequencies it should be understood are not necessarily constant because if the speedk of the frequency should increase or decrease the intermediate or terminal apparatus thereby will be correspondingly increased 'or decreased 'since such apparatus is operated Wholly by said reversals or fundamental frequencies.

There are other features of the invention in connection vith these-fundamental ideas there being indicated a transmitting station Vat one end of a submarine cable7 a receiving station at the other with repeating mecha-l msmy fory repeating the fundamental fre- -Figla is a detail showing an arrangement of a transmitting tape and the correrquencies as Well as the signalling impulses Vinto a succeeding cable.

.spending current impulsesv supplied to the` conductor for operating the translating device such as ak printer of the five unit code.

2 is a diagrammatic view of a receiving orfrepeating station of somewhat modified form and showing means for utilizing the fundamental frequencies .at ajreceiving station for furtherr operation of terminal or repeatingapparatus. j.

Fig. isa detail view showing an addi tional modilication'at a receiving or repeating station.

lll)

ot turthcr modiiications.

eterrinp` to Fig. l, a is a continuous irotating' pole changing device having segments al and a2 which are traversedby arotating` brush a. These segments 1:1 and a2 are connected by Wires and 2 to relays and 1 which are connected at theother end by a common battery wire 3 through battery to the brush a3. These relays land b1 may be theordinz'lry cable transmittingrelays adapted at they are successfully operated to put posl-ti.'e or negatiif'e current from the batte-ry ml through wire l to the apex of' the cable or conductor 5in the'usual Way.

Between the-'cabletransmitter and the cable l have shoivn resistance and capacity which is preferably used in aivell lr'noivn man-ner. to round outl the impulses Which .come from the-battery m1 asthe relays band? o1 `are successively operated.

At: the receiving station Wehave a suitable receiving-device 0 preferably of the galvanometer: or movable coil type, the movable coil .c1 of which is preferably supplied with a corltacting` device c2 operating-inconnection with a rotatino. drum d. Thisrotating drun'rdihas tour segments d?, cl2, d3 andai4 the inner segments d1 and d? beingfutilized for; transmitting `the Lundinental frequencies and the outer segments (Z3 and (Z4 for transmitting the signal impulses as Will be hereinafter more' fully described. For the presentitve may consider only the inner segments Z1 and d?. 'llhese segmentsl are connectedzby suitable brushes and circuits 6and 7 to relaysb2 and o3 which through the common.

battery Wire 8 and battery m2 and Wire 9. (from the battery m2) to the movablecontact c2 Will causefthese relays 252 and3 yto operate successively as the moving Contact c2 engagesrespective segments Z1 or cl2 of the drumzd. rllhese relays b2 and 3 to all intents andpurposes are identical With the trans mitting relays l) and bland they are adapted as successively operated to supply positive or. negative current from battery r4 through Wire l0 to other apparatus orv conductors such asa` cable 5a.

.Considering noW the apparatus as describednp to this time it will be seen that as the han-d t3 ol? the pole changer c is set in rotationithetransmitting relays o and (7)1 Will be successively operated and-supply current from earthat g through batter-y m1 to the conductor 5 in exactly the same way that positive andnegative impulses are supplied to a cable through an ordinary cable transmitter. These impulses Will in turn operate the receiver c to cause the movable contact c2 to move first in one direction and then in the other in engagement with the segments all and Z2 ot the rotating drum (Z which will in turn operate the t ansmitting relays o2 and Zr* and transmit these same reversals toother apparatus or to a succeeding cable 5*L as described.

ldassing for the moment to Fig. 4, 4 represents a terminal receiving stat-ion in which employ the'same receiver o with a movable coil c1, contact c2, drum CZ with the segments (/n (Z2. d@ nl" as :n the receiving station in Fig. l. rhe contact c2 and the segments (Z1 and CZ: of the drum are in this case in circuit with a-polarized relay e and a divided bat` tery the circuit being traced from contact c2 `by Wirell, polar relay e, Wire'lQto the center of the battery mthence by wire 13 to one side of the-battery to Contact d1 and by Wire 14 from the other side of the battery to Contact' d2.- rlisthe contact 02 moves frein side to side in response to the rcversalsrece'ired 'from the cable 5 orI other conductor it will be seen-that the polar relay c Willbc movedin one direction or the other in response tothe positive or negative impulsesy "from the divided battery m5.

ln thisFig. l5 represents-the usual distributinpp device-ot a ve unit code printer Whose rotating handor'brusn f1 is rotated by the usual mechanism forming a part of this distributing;` device. This mechanism is shown in a diagrammatic form in the 'form of an escapement Wheel f2 operated by a payvl f3 which in turn is operated by an electroemagnet f4: This may be considered as typical only as any form-otl mechanism such as nowused may be employed for causing` the rotationot the hand f1 over the segments of` the distributor.

hefrn .net lsincircuit with the mov-A ing contacter. armature el ofthe polar relay c which'is connected-by Wire lto the magnet ft'thence by Wire 16 through battery as to stationary contacts on opposite sides of the armature fel, so that as the polar relay is operated in response to the reversals ork fundamental frequencies from thetransmittinggstation the motor mechanism for the distributor will be operated in response theretov and will cause this distributor tomove atfeX-act'ly the same speed as the transmitting relays. inasmuch as the reversals from the transmitting' relays operate or control the mechanism tor the distributor it will be seen that they will operate-in unison even though the speed ot the fundamental frequencies should change.

This in a Waj, explains the methody of oper ting repeaters and the terminal translating' device in response to reversals otcurrent from an ordinary batteny or'other source ot direct current supply and by the usual make and break transmitting mechanismas 'now' employed in cable and similar transmission.

lt noir rrr-meins to describe ne method et lio ., r (si) frll supplying the signal impulses and as before stated these may be supplied from the vsame source of energy or from a different source. In the drawings I have shown' a method and means for supplying` these signal impulses from the same source of energy by providing a resistance which is normally in circuit with the terminal battery and the transmit-r ting device and which Will decrease the po` tential su'liiciently to cause the contacting device c2 of the receiverl c to move only to the inner contacts Z1 and (Z2 of the drum d When the fundamental frequencies `or reversals are being` transmitted and vI further provide means for shunting this resistance when a signal impulse is being` transmitted so that the full potential of the battery will be supplied when a signalimpulse is'being sent which Will cause the Contact 02 of the receiver 0 to move to the, outer contacts di and d4.

Referring to Fig. l with the contacting brush a3 on the segment a4 the relay b1 will be operated from battery .fr through the brush as, segment al, Wire l, relay Y), Wire 3 and battery In this position circuit may be traced from earth at g tl'irough the battery m1, resistance r, vvire i to cable 5. As the brush passes oif of the segment al and before it contacts With-segment a the arma- .ture of relay b would drop back' and the cable vvould be earthed in the usual Way. is the brush contacts with segment a2, relay b1 will be operated andv the circuit would be i traced from around g 'resistance r, battery w1, line e to cable 5 sending` an impulse ot the opposite polarity into the cable but in both instances through the resistance r which will cut down the movement of the receiving device c so that its rcontact 02'Will engage only the inner segments Z1 and Z2 of the drum Z but in a successive manner iirst one and then the other.

When a sivnalimpulse is kto be trans` mittted means are provided for shunting the resistance r so -that the particular' impulse Which is passing into the cable at the moment When this resistance is shunted vWill be of a greater potential than and in phase vvvith the fundamental frequency and will cause the receiver c to move its contact c2 in a larger amplitude and engage one of the segments (Z3 and cl* onthe rotating' drum.

In this improved system the signal Mtransmitting device may be asingle lrey or circuit breaker as the signal element is to be applied Y to a particular segment on the printerdistributor and it Will. operate Whether signal impulse ofincreased potential is a positive or negative impulse. o

I have shown in diagrammatic form the mechanism for this purpose. it the lower lett hand corner of Fig. l there closer p which may represent the usual peclei pin of an automatic cable transmitter.

. the brush 0,3.

llays s1 and S2.

is a circuit This circuit closer through Wire 17, battery ai?, Wire i8, relay a, and Wire 9.5 will when the circuit closer is operated operate the relay s. The cable. transmitter will be on the same shaft with the brush as and there is also arranged on that shaft cam device'for'a circuit closer p1 which with the armature 2l of the relay s and Wire 22 will form hold ing circuit of the usual form to hold the relay operated during a half revolution of The operation of the relay s through its armature 21 also closes a' circuit through Wire 23 to the resistance r and from a point between resistance r and tl'ie battery x1 by Wire 24 to the armature 2l, hence so long as the relay s is operated the resistance. r will be shunted through the last named circuit andduring a half revolution of the Wiper o3 the full potential of the battery :d will be supplied to the cable instead of the limited potential of Vthe fundamental ffrequency. It will be understood that yat each half revolution the circuitfcloscr p1' will be V,opened by suitable cam mechanism on the shaft which operates the Wiper a3 ofthe pole changer and the automatic cable transmittel' p.

n In Fig. l, I haveshovvn an arrangement of the tape for the automatic transmitter for transmitting the letters a and in a tive unit code, the openings in the center of the tape being the usual. center holes and those at the top edge of the tape being the perforations through which the pecl'rer pin is operated for transmitting these impulses. Im-

mediately below this tape is shown they characteristics of the impulses which will be transmitted to the cable, the fundai'nental frequencies beinzg` shown in between the sitj- `full potential of the battery 03* to pass into the suf'zceedinp;Y cable or other apparatus. The circuit for producing` these elements maybe described as follows: In this case We employ tivo what may be termed signal re- The relay S1 is connected to one of the outer segments Z3 ,by Wire Q5.

The other relay sais connected to the other opposite segment ai* by wire 26. these Wires being further connected to battery m2 by the common battery wire 2T and thence 'iroiiiliattermi?2 by the Wire 9 to the tongue or moif'ingf;

contacte2 of the receiver c. lVhenever the tongue c2 moves to one of the outer contacts cl3 or d* it Willbe seen that either one or the otherr of the relays al and s2 will he operated and will close a circuit through Wires 28 and 29 and the armature of either ot .aid relays which vvill shunt the resistance rl and transmit a signal impulse of' the saine current flow as that initially transmitted to the cable.

In Fig. asimilar circuit is shown in which the signal relay s1 is operated from either of the outer contacts (Z3 and (Z4 through a battery m8 and Wires Qzand ln this case, however, the signal impulses to operate the; printer is transmitted by this relav-s1 from the Contact ofv said relay` through i 28'to the distribiuinghand f1 of the distributor; f thence back through the common battery fire 29 and battery m9 through the armature ofi the relay S1. lnasmuchiasthe distributor. is operated bythe fundamental frequencies or. reversals the signal current will be supplied tu 'che exact segment of the distributor which is to receive that particular signal impulse in settingup of the letter combinations.

It will be-understood that -alienevei a signalimpulse is transmittei'l the movable con tact c2 of the receiver' c f'ill pass over one of the inner segments Z1 an-'l Z2 of the dri n CZ in order to contact with the outer seginei .s Z3 and CZ4 so that the fundamental frequencies or reversals Will be transmitted in either case Whether there is a signal iii'ipulse or not and thus the distributing apparatus for the Final signal impulses will be operatedbj-,f this fundamental frequency J Whether there is signal impulse or Wheiner there is not.

ln Fig. 2 l have shown a somewhat modified form of repeating station with means for regenerating the impulses Whether they are fundamental frequencies or signal impulses. rlfliis may be desirable-When a large number of repeating stations are used which might tend to distort impulses passing through them.

ln this arrangement l ein-ploy in conne-ction with the-receiving device such as shown in Fig. 1 a tuned vibrating device such asa tuning fork which is arranged to be vibrated by the fundamental frequencies and liegt in phase therewith andto .supply the fundamental frequencies as Well as the signal impulses to the succeeding cableor apparatus. By this arrangement it may be desirable to use the usual tuning` fork or other controlling devices :at the transniiitng station to keep the fundamental frequencies constant.

ln F 2 the receiving relay c having a movable tongue cl and the rotating drum Z with the segments cZl, (Z2, (Z3 and (Z4 are einployed as before. l also preferably employ three polar relays e2, e and et which are in circuit with the tongue c2 divided battery and the segn'ients d1 and Z2 ot the rotating drum CZ so that each of these relays Will be operated in one direction or the other in mi@ weeg-40.4

baclrto the'tonoiue c2 the. circuit beinfftraced t'roin the segments Z1 and Z2 through wires 30 or 3l.r and one-hall the batt-ery m5, wireflQ and the relays e2, e3 and e* and wir 3S to the tongue c2.

The relayV e2 has one contact in circuit-With a battery 001 and a magnet m of a tuning fork 71 through Wires 34 and 35, relav conf tact and armature and wire 3&5 to battery. A. variable condensercl short circuited through resistance 1G10 and the other relay contact employed in the usual Way so that the charging and discharging of the'condenser will operate themagnet: m to insure constant vibration or" the 'tuning forli ./i/L. On oncles; orn the tuning forli is adapted by its vibrations to close a circuit from ground at g through the back contact on relay e3, Wire 3'?, resistance r, battery ai, contact on relay c@ Wire 3t3.to the sta:w tionary contacts onv either sideot the movablecontact Ztl and through .said contact Zal a i wire Sil to :i cceeding cable or other device to which the impulses are to be transmitted. i

fis the relays e3 and e4 are operated by the fundamental frequencies their respective contacts will be reversed and the fundamental frequencies Will be sent frombattery fu through resistance r in oppositedirections as heretofore described, *he operation ot' relays c3 and @tin this respect being the same the relays Z) and 61 .in the transmitting mechanism previously describedand shown in Fig. 1.

Zhen a signal impulse is transmitted the tongue c2 moving' to the-cuter segment (Z3 or Z4 Will operate the signal relay 31 fr oiiiy battery aan and thus shunt thev resistance r in the manner heretoforedescribed and'cause the signal impulse in phase ivitl'ithe particular reversal to pass to the succeedingcable or other apparatus through the contact Zz? ofthe tuning; fori; ZL over the circuit last described so-that beth the fundamental and signa frequencies repeated and regenerated through thecontac /izl on lthe timing fork.

In Fig. ,3 I have shou'n means for supplementing the 'lfundamental frequencies operating'the tongue (f2 by means of local battery impulses. rEllis is accomplished by supplyingI to the tuning torl: Zi a contact arm 7b2 on the opposite legI of said foi-l: from con tact Ztl. This arm is adapted to vibratebetween cont-actsconnected to opposite ends of divided battery as which is connected through variable resistance r11 by Vire l0 to a separate coil c on the receiver c, thencel by Wire Lll to contact it?. As the fork is vibrated the Contact Zi? puts positive and negative impulses to the vcoil c so as toliv-idedibattery m5, respective relays a contact. Ztl Whichlis Sli ilu

supplement the fundamental impulses coming over the cable and insure the positive action of the tongue c? on the revolving drum d. These impulses maybe properly adjusted this plan of telegrapliing in Fig. 5 Wherev means for sending two separate messages through separate channels are shown. The apparatus for sending fundamental impulses and the signal impulses are the same as shown in Fig. 1, but in this case the pole changer a is also used as a channel distributor byconnecting the respective segments al and a2 to the rotating brushes of tive unit code distributors marked 1 and 2 the segment al being connected to the brush of distributor 1 by Wire 42 and the segment a2 connected tothe rotating brush of distributor 2 by Wire 4:3. The rotating hand or brush a3 on the distributor `LWill be mechanically connected to the rotating l hands or brushes of the distributors l and 2 so that the brush a3 Will make oney half revolution foreach step of segment in the distributors 1 and 2. There will be conn-ected to the respective segments of the` distributors the usual multiplex transmitter operated automatically through punched tape in the usual Way sothat different elements making up various letters v'vill vbe transmitted as the distributor is rotated. The contact or pee-ker pin of these multiplex transmitters will when operated close-a circuit through signal relays s3 and s4 by the Wires 44s and 45 so that whenever one of the con` tacts' in either multiplex transmitter is operated the signal'relay 83 or s4 connected to that particular transmitter will be op erated to send the signal impulse. Se long as there are no signal impulses the fundamental frequeneies Will be repeated into the cable through the pole changer a as before.

- Assuming` a multiplex transmitter was operated to send code units 1, 3 and 5 toy disvtributorNo. 1 then at each revolution of No. are operated the corresponding signal relay s4 would be operated and fundamental frequencies passing from the'rotating brush.

a3 to segment a2 would receive the signal impulses and be transmitted through the proper segments 2 and 3 on,v distributor No. .2.

It will be understood that these multiplex transmitters' are operated in the usual Way. In fact apparatus now in use. can be used Without4 any change when incorporated in the circuits as described. At the right of Fig. 5 I have shown the circuits for applying these impulses both fundemental frequencies and signal impulses to tivo ormore printers operated by the usual channel distributors.,

The receiver c with its movable tongue c2, receiving drum d'wvith its segments are employed-as before with apolarized relay e2 operating from the divided battery m5.

This relay re2 is adapted to operate step by step mechanism f2, f3 and f4 for operating the printer distributors the same as shown inyFig. 4 except in this casethere aretwo distributorsboth operated from the same mechanism and rotating together. ,These distributors it will bev seen, therefore, operate one step for each impulse of fundamental frequency` andare continuously operating. The signal` relay s1 operated from battery m8 from the outer contacts Z3 and d* is employed as before and it is adapted to close thecir'cuit from battery m9 through common` battery Wire 29 from the respective printers. vThe circuit to the respective distributor brushes, of the printer distributors passes through a channel distributor ed,

the rotary lbrush [c of which will be on the same shaft with therotating brushes of the respective printing distributors No. 1 and No. 2. rIhe two .segments 'k1 and 7a2 of the channel distributor cd will be connected to the brushes of the respectiveprinter distributors No.1 andNo. 2. As these distributors operate a step by step movement, the brush c will make five steps on one segment and then five steps on the other segment. These respective movements being effected by the fundamental frequencies will valways be in phase with the transmitting devices and if code units should cause the signal impulses to be applied to signal distributor No. lcthey would be received on printer distributor No. 1 through rotating brush 7c and the channel distributor 761. `If the signal impulses are supplied to signal distributor No. 2A these signals would bei supplied to printer distributor No. '2 through the segment 7a2 and these signal impulses Would be used to set up the printing mechanism in the usual Way.

In Fig I have shovvn a modication at a receiving or repeating station which may be employed .on land'vlines or Kcondueters high tfoltage be In this Lili v(Si) with and the signal-relay s1 in with the 'i'uiids'inenta-l frequencies relays e3 and e4 is adjusted by spring tension so as to be operated only ivlien an impulse of increased potentiel is received frein the line in rwhich l cese the resistance .m will be shunted yas be- `foreiend the iinpulf-:e appliecl'tovtli fundamental frequency als before described. This Sarrsnge'nient ivliile capable lof being used on 'conductors Where high voltage `en'iplo3?"ed might netbe adepied ferceble use "it 1ere-'the 'potential inust be ile'ptwitliin 'cer tain limits but Where'liighpetentiel can be 'applied es e al inini se VWould"pre'lziably be indefto Worn satisfactorily.

In Fig. "i' fliers shown a 'further ineditictioneta receiving;l or reiL ting station in. 'which two'receiving c 'a're employed Ven'diiiithisWely tli'erotsting'druni end iii'iil- Ttiple"coiitaets are dispensed with. @ne of thesereleys would" are tlie respective 'con- "tiects adjustedso'thet the tongue c2 would cont-act oncitlier o-ne or'tlie other side by the fundamental frequencyy or-reversel. `other relay 'would liarethis Contact so i jiisted 'tiret While the respective tonguesof this receiver inove in unison the signal ley i'vould inale Contact only when a signal Vii'npulse cornes through. 'En this the relay-et the frightY 'would' t'ia'n'sniit the 'funda- 'ineitall "freipieircies frein battery-'w 1 Vthe sunie'nia'nner as before Adescribes through resistance r andthe signal relay s? operated by signaliinpulse uf'illfshiint resistance? and cerise 'the signal inipulses to be repeated in the saine inanncr aslieretoforedescribed.

Further modifications nis-y Ibe employed Wliicli would readily suggest' themselves. Yln fact the Aen herein describe-l is capable of use iv'itli l apparatus of'variouslrinds vtlii'c'li is noivin general use. lnesin'uch es the fundamental frequencies are'being sent intoftliev conductor continuously duplex belance ivill be more easily maintained. Both the V'transinitting and receii'ingrelays are opereting constantly,lience there-is'no Zero and the inertia of the yreceiving relays is inuteriilly reduced, IIn connection with printers tli'e'epperetus at the repeetingstat-ions is very inaterielly reduced., Syn'clironisin iiieehanis n es ordinarily Vused niay'b'e dispensed With andthe apparatus stiepeatin'g stations for channel Working` may be very materially reduced. I

lu Fig. 5 l have omitted the usual relays iii connection With the niultiplex distributors for storing` up one or inore of the impulses to give'tlretraiisinitter tinieto advanceftlie tagpe. v.This is also true of the printer distributor when certain impulses are stored up to give the print-ing ineclienisin tinieto -fti `ieeeglise the art.

vllf'svingg' thus described n'iy invent-ion, I clain'i:

l. ifi inet-bod of operating 'printers in s ftelegrsph systein which consists in supplying to a conductor reversals of positive and `Inegative current impulses of one ypotential and utilizing; seid impulses for operating' the vfd istibuting inechanisin and in supplying nalii'npulses of the saine frequency and in phase ivithseidreversals efe diereut potential to operate priA ting1 mechanism.

l2. In stelegrapli systeniyineens for 'conoiisly supp ying reversals of positiveend ii gstive 'impulses of one potentiel freni a Jirce of diree-tcurrent supply, seperate ineens forfsupplying signal impulses of the sanefrequency Vbutef differ it potentie-lin e ivitlrssid reversals, `printing` inecli-aniet a receiving` station rfliose 'distributor is operated "by said reversals :ind Whose printing"mechanism is; operatedby' seid signal impulses.

ln e telegraph system, -a'source of direct current supply, means E'for supplyingl continuous reversals of positive and'negative iinpulses of one potentiel `'from said source of snpplyand vsigne-l ineclianisin :for sending' signal iinpulses of-the saine frequency' in phase with andtoincreasefthepoteitial of certsini'of seid reversils,'receivinginech- 'anisinets reeeivingstation vsith nieansto repeatsaid Vreversals to operate on'e'set of mechanism and'to repeat said signal impulse in pbase'tliereivitliito opcrate'otlier ineclianisni.

ln s vtelegraph system, a niet-lied of operating printing;l ii'ieeiianisin which consistsin" supplying to-a conductor continuous` reversals ofV positiv end i-ie-ggutire impulses of 'current of one potential idcuiplojfinej l rcversalsto operate repeat: inecliaiiisni and supplying signal iinpuliies'of the saine frequency but of a different potential in phase with said'rerersa'ls Afor signalling' purposes, and repeating saidieverssls and signal impulses to operate printing;mecha.- nisin.

lii va telegraph srs ein in which con-- tiiinous reversals of positive :ii l negative impulses of one'potenf 'are supplied to a conduct-or,v ineens lfor Njpplying al pulsesof the seine xqueiicybui o a d ferent potential in phase ritli said rever.- repeatingineclizinisni comprising1 a vibratiub transmitter operatediby said reversals and sip'n'al iinpulses to repeat both reversals and sig Aalsfroin s separat source of supply,

(i. The iii-etliod ofk repeating and regenerating signalsV in e telegraph systein which consists insupplyingto a conductor continuou-f reversals of positive end negative impulses of one potentie` and signal impulses of the same frequency butof a diferent potential in phase With said reversals utilizing said reversals for operating a repeating device in phase With said reversals and causing said repeating device to send reversals and signal impulses of the saine frequency from a separate source of supplyin phase with the reversals and signal impulses originally supplied to said conductor. l

7. In a system of repeating and regeneratingsignals a vibrating repeating device operated by and in'phase With constantly supplied current reversals of positive and negative impulses of one potential means for supplying signal impulses of the same frequency but of a different potential in phase with said reversals and causing the vibrating repeater to repeat the reversals and signal impulses from a separate source of current supply as set forth.

8. In a telegraph system in combination with a transmitting device for transmitting signal impulses, a constantly moving pole' changing device transmitting relays controlled by said device tosend reversalsof one potential from said source of supply, said transmitter and pole changing device being so connected that the signal impulses from said transmitter Will be supplied in phase with the positive or negative reversals with means for increasingtlie potential of the signal impulses and a receiving mechanism operating at different amplitudes in response to said reversals and said signal impulses and by the different amplitudes to repeat said reversals to one set of mechanism and the signal impulses to other mechanism.

9. ln a system of telegraphing, continuously operating mechanism for sendingV `fundamental impulses ofY positive and negative character and of one potential but of the saine frequency from a source of direct current supply, additional means for supplying signal impulses of a different poten- `tial in phase with said fundamental impulses,

print-ing mechanismat a receiving station andk means for operating the distributor ofsaid printing mechanism by the fundamental impulses and causing the signal impulsesy to be distributed to said printer.

l0. In a telegraph system in which current impulses of a fundamental frequency and of one potential are supplied constantly to a conductor and signalling impulses of a different potential supplied in phase Withy said fundamental impulses, a receiving device operatingat different amplitudes in response to said fundamental impulses and said signal impulses and means controlled by said `fundamental impulses to send impulses from a separate source of supply to said receiver to reinforce the fundamental impulses from said conductor to said receiver.

ll. In a telegraph system in which a receiving device is caused to move continuously at one amplitude in response to fundainental impulses of one potential andto a greater :unplitudeby impulses of increased potential` in phase with said fundamentalimpulses, andA a separate coil in said receiver, means for supplying current impulses from a differentsource to said coil in phase With said fundamental frequencies as set forth.

l2. In a telegraph system in which current reversals of one potential are supplied constantly to a conductor and signal impulses of a diferent potential supplied to certain of said reversals in phase therewith, a relay operated by said current reversals and signal impulses and repeating mechanism embodying a tuning fork Whose vibrations are controlled by reversals from said relay to repeat both the reversals and signal impulses and separate means on said tuning fork for supplying impulses in phase With said reversals to the relay, as set forth. n y13. VIn a telegraph system, means for supplying' current impulses of positive and negative character from a direct source of supply through resistance to a conductor, a signal transmitter in step With said reversal sending mechanism with v means operated thereby lfor shunting the resistance when a signalimpulse is to be transmitted, receiving mechanism moved by said current re-` versals to one position and to a different position by said signal impulses to cause said reversals to be transmitted to one set of mechanism and said signalv impulses to a Vdifferent set of mechanism.

14. In a telegraph system, means for sup- 'plying current reversals from a source of direct current supply, a signal transmitter in step with said reversal sending mechanism with means for increasing the potential of one or. more of said reversals when a signal impulse is to be transmitted, receiving mechanism moved to one position by said current reversals and to a diiferent position by said signal impulses to cause said reversals toV kbe transmitted to one set of mechanism and said signal impulses toa different set of mechanism.

l5. In ak system of telegraphy, continuously operating mechanism for sending current reversals from a source of direct current supply, a signal transmitter in step with said reversal sending mechanism for changing the potential of one or more of the current reversals, receiving mechanism moved to one position by said normal current reversals and to a different position by the increased potential of certain reversals, and a printer connected tok said receiving mechanisms@ thatY the normal reversals are supplied to and operateA the distributor of `said printer and the signal impulses are transmitted to Vand operate the recording mechanismof said printer.

16. In a telegraph system, the combination 'with a direct source of current supply, of a pole changer and a signa-l transmitter inechanically connected to operate in step one With the other, and means connected with d said transmitter to chance the potential o1" certain of said reversals Iol signalling purposes, and a printer having a distributor oper'ated by said normal` reversals, and' a printing mechanism operated by the increased potential from said signal transmitter. 1U

In testimony whereof, l'. have hereunto set my hand this 20th yoa'y of June T9245.

WTILLAM M. BRUCE, JR.

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