US1658380A - Electrical system - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 7, 1928. 1,658,380

| s. KEILHOLTZ ELECTRICAL SYSTEM iled July 11, 1919 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 gun flaw/W E Zf l 5/ Feb. 7, 1928.

L. s. KEILHOLTZ ELECTRICAL s'ismm Filed July 11, 1919 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 reason of its simplicity of constr "tier Patented Feb. 7, 1928.

llhi lTElB ATES' PATENT OFFKIE.

LE$TEE S. KEILEOLIZ, OE DAYTON, DHIG, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, T

OHIU, A- GQFEIPOR-A'I'ION OF DELA'WARE.

DELCO-LIGET CGMPA'ATY, Q3 DAYTON,

nLnoTnrcAL SYSTEM.

Application filed July 11,

This invention relates to electrical systems inclucing a storage battery, 21 dynamo driven by ing the battery or operable as motor to start the engine, and ignition apparatus for the engine.

One of the objects of the invention is to control the circuit connections between the dynamo and battery so that below a predetermined engine speed the battery will be automatically disconnected from the dynamo, and that this disconnecting o eration, when it does take place will take place rap idly and in a manner such as to pro ent injury to the circuit controlling devices.

A further object of the invention is to provide a circuit controller or": improved construction wherein the cost of manufacture has been rcducec to a min mum by Other and further objects a advantages of the present invention will be apparent from the following description ret erence being had to the accompanying: drawinc's wherein a preferred embodiment oi the present invention is clearly shown.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a diacrammatic side elevation of an internal-combustion engine directly connected with a cynamo which is shown partly in section together with a wiring diagram including a diagrammatic side elevation of the controlling device included in the present invention:

Fig. 2 is a front elevation ct t 1e controlling device embodying the present invention:

Fig. 3 is a sect onal view taken on the line 3-3 01? 4c is a rights de elevation of the controlling device looking towards. the loft;

Fig. 5 is a left-side elevation of the con-- trolling device looking towards the r it:

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of t o con trolling device provided with the cover in cludedin the present nvention;

Fig. 7 is a bottom iew of one cover removed from the cor device; and

ta ten on the "mates an internala dynwiih the In the drawin; combustion ens-inc an intei'nal-con'ihustirn engine for charg 1918. Serial No. 310,109.

Dynamo :21 includes an armature 22 commutator 23, brushes 24 and 25, and field pole pieces 26 and 27. The dynamo is provided with a shunt field 28 connectec across the brushes 2% and 25, and with a series field 29, one end of which is connected with brush 25, and the other with dynamo terminal 30. Brush 2 L is connected with terminal 3L and brush with terminal 32.

Ignition for the en ine is furnished by the agency of the ignition coil which includes primary d1 connected with timer which in turn is connected with ignition terminal 43. The other end of primary 41 is connected with ignition resistance i? which in turn is connected with ignition terminal. 44. Secondary winding is nected at one end with spark plus: 16 and grounded at the other end upon the engine.

designates a storage battery. the posi tive side of which is connected with terminal 5]. and the negative side with terminal The cont-roller will now be described. This controller includes a frame 61 ot magnetic material supporting a magnet core 62 and an armature post 68. Post 63 supports a pivotally mounted armature 64. A magnetic circuit is formed by members 62. 61. 63, and 6-1, with a gap between the armature 6i and the core 62. Upon the core 62 is mounted a series magnet winding 65. one end being connected with terminal 67 and the other end connected with terminal 66. The core 62 also supports a shunt magnetwinding 68. one end being connected with a terminal 69 and the other end connected with terminal 70.

Terminal 6'? is connected with a resilient conductor 71 carrying a nonconductingrub hing-block 72 and a contact 73. Contact T3 is arranged to engage with contact 74 which is connected with terminal 70. A roller 76, pivotally mounted upon the armature (it, engages the rubbing-block 72 when the armature 64 is moved upwardly, actuating; the cont-acts by moving contact '53 into engagement with contact 7%; Preferably the conductor 71 carries a resilient conductor 77, carrying at its outer end a contact of arcwithstanding material '28 projecting beyond ill force upon the armature 6-1 will not be sufficient to maintain it in circuit closing position against the force exerted by the resilient conducting member 71 upon the roller 76. It will be noted that the resilient conducting member 71 exerts a force or pressure on armature or in a substantially uniform direclion at right an les to the .length of the re silient member, and that when the armature is in its attracted or contact opera-ting position the line of action of the spring pressure, which passes throu h the pointof contact With roller '76, is close to the fulcrum of the armature and is disposed at an acute angle to the lever arm passing through the fulcrum and the point of contact with resilient member 71. The relation of the armature 64 and roller 76 to the rubbingblock 72 is such that if there is therefore any tendency for the magnet to release its magnetic grip upon its armature 64, this tendency will give the spring conducting member 71 an opportunity to increase the gap between armature 61 and the core 62. Any increase in the gap will make it the more difiicult for the magnet to maintain the armature 64: in attracted position. At the same time, as the gap increases, the line of action of the spring force will recede from the fulcrum, and the leverage of the spring force exerted by member 71 upon'the roller 76, or the moment of this force about the fulcrum pin 89, will also increase. Although the spring force in resilient men'iher 71 is decreasing all the time that roller 7 6 is moving upwardly, the relation between the roller 76 and block 72 is such that during the upward movement of roller 76 the lever arm of the spring force exerted by member 71 increase at a more rapid rate than the decrease of said spring force. Therefore if there is any tendency for the magnet to re lease its grip upon the armature and to decrease the spring pressure'between contacts 73 and 1 1 to any substantial degree by any slight upward movement of the roller 76, this tendency will be assisted in increasing amounts as the gap between the armature and the magnet core increases. Therefore, if the spring tension in member 71 is relaxed due to diminution of attractive power of the magnet to any substantial degree, the arma ture ea will be almost instantly moved out of attracted position under the action of the spring pressure in member 71, and the contacts 73 and 74 which carry all of the charging current will be almost instantly separated. Therefore it is apparent that these contacts 73 and 7 1 will either be held together with sufficient pressure to insure a good contact or else they will be separated with sufficient rapidity to prevent arcing.

Ar'ci'ng at the main contacts 73 and His also. prevented by virtue of the non-arcing,

or arc-withstanding, contact 78, stews in Fig. 4, which engages contact 74; before contact '7 3 engages said contact 74, and remains in engagement with the contact 74 for an instant alter the separation of contact '73 from contact 74-.

Referring now more particularly to F 6, T, and 8, V respectively tire verti all and horizontal portions of the frame 61. These portions are braced by means the frame 61 is mounted upon any suitable support, such as a switchboard by attaching the vertical portion 61 to the switchboard. In order to protect the controller from dust and from accidental injury as much as po sible a cover 160 is provided. Cover 160 is substantially U-shaped in cross-section, the branches of the U being formed by the sides of the cover 1.61 and 162. These sides 161.

and 162 are provided with beads 163 and 71 161 which are substantially parallel and are adapted to he engaged by the parallel side edges of the vertical portion 61" of the frame 61. Adjacent theupper edge portion of the cover 160 the side portions 161 and 162 are provided with a continuous bead 165 Which is adapted to be engaged by the edge of the horizontal portion 61 of the frame 61. This bead 165 is bent over and terminates in the edge 167 which contacts with the horizontal portion 61 to form a substantially dustproof joint. 7

Before the cover 160 is placed upon the controller frame 61, the relative position of the side portions 161 and 162 is as shown in full lines in Fig. 7., In this position the dis tance between the beads 163 and 164: is slightly less than the width of the vertical portion 61" of the frame 61. In placing the cover 160 upon the frame 161, the side portions 161 and 162 are sprung apart so as to take the positions 161 and 162 respectively, shown by dotted line in Fig. 7. In this manner the cover 160 is sprung in place upon the frame 61, so that the beads 163 and 164 are yieldingly pressed against the edges of the vertical portion 61 of the frame 61. The construction of the bead 165 is such that it will be necessary to spring the upper edge portion of the side 161 and 162 in order that the bead 165 may be engaged by the edges of the horizontal portion 61* of the frame 61. The inter-locking relation of head 165 with portion 61 is shown in Fig. 8.

An additional bead 166 is provided as shown in 6 for purposes of ornamentation.

It is apparent that this cover provides an enclosure which prevents dust from deceud iug upon the working parts of the controller and will prevent accidental injury thereto. This enclosure also hides from View all of the working parts of the controller except the manuallyoperable lever 85. By hiding all of the parts except the member to be numerals 61 and 61 designate.

of the brace 61. Normally 7 operated, any confusion which would be likely tojoccur' in the operation of the con troller is eliminated.

1 Another feature of the invention which tends to simplicity of construction is the inter-locking arrangement of 'the terminals and switch members and insulating members which comprise the controller. This feature is clearly illustrated 111 Fig. 3. Certain portionsof the term1nals66, 67, 69and 70 are square in -crosssection. Terminals 66 and69 are mounted d rectly upon msulatmgblock 1.70, Terminals 67 and 70-,are mounted in contact withswitch elements 71 and 80 respectively, which have their fixed'ends bentup along one of the plane surfaces ofthe said terminals 67 and 70.. An insulating block 171 is constructed so asv to havelits two opposite edges in engagement with ads jacent parallel plane snrfaces of terminals 69 and 66, and is notched at 172 and- 173 so as toengage the corners of contacts 71 and 80 respectively. Terminals 66', 67, 69 and 70 hold the insulating block'l'iO and the controller conducting members 71and 80 in position, and only one rivet 17 4 is nec-' essary to maintain the block 1'71 in position. Terminals 66, 67 70 and 69, and conductors 71 and 80 arethereby prevented from turning whenever any nuts are screwed onto or unscrewed from'the threaded ends of these terminals. 7

The insulating block 175 is provided with a surface which looks thearmatnre post 68 in position, and the insulating blocklTG is of suchwidth'fas to engage the edges of switch terminals 74; and 83, and to maintain these terminals in correct position with respect to the conducting members 71 and 80 respectively. post 177 is arranged to secure the insulating blocks 175 and 17 6 upon the frame 61, and serves also as a. stop mem ber limiting the desired movement of the lever 85.

,"i/ hile the form of mechanism .herein shown and described constitutes a preferred form of embodiment .of the invention, it is to be understood that other forms might be adopted, all coming within the scope of the claims which follow.

lVhat I claimis as follows: lf'An electrical controllerwhich" comprises in combination, an L-shaped magnetic frame, a plurality of switch mechanisms'car ried by oneleg'of saidmagnet frame, a core carried by the frame and disposed in parallel relation with respect to said leg, a magnet winding surrounding the core, an. armature pivotally supportedby the leg, said armature being adapted to bridgethe gap between the leg and core and control cne of said switchmechanisms, and ajinanually operated lever pivotally carried by said-leg for moving said armature adjacent the'magnet coreand releasable from the armature while permitting thearmatureto be maintained in a certainposition by the magnet, said lever being arranged to control another of said including a magnet core, a magnet n-i'nding' surrounding said core, an'arn'iature supportedby the frame, switch'inechanism operated by the armature, said switch mechanism and including a plurality of contacts and means e 'ertinga yielding pressure on the armature'tending to moveit out of contact operating position, the line of action of the pressure passing close-to the fulcrum of the armature "in its contact-operating position and receding from the fulcrum as the lever moves out of its contact operatingposition,

V a lever 'pivotally mounted on the frame and manually operable for moving said arma ture adprcent said magnet core and releasable from the armature while permitting tl e armature to. be maintained in acertain 'position by the magnet, and other switch media nism operated by the lever.

3. An electrical controller which coinprises in combination, an L-shaped magnet frame, a core carried by one leg of the frame and disposed in parallel relation with rcspect'to the other leg of said frame, a magnet winding surrounding said core, an armature pivotally supported by the frame and having its fulcrum disposed between the core andsaid other leg, switch mechanism operated yfthe armature and including a plurality of contacts and means exerting a yielding pressure 'on the, armature tending to move it out ofcontact' operating position,

the line of action of-the pressure passing close to the fulcrum ofthe armature in its contact operating position and receding from the fulcrum as the lever moves out of its contact operating position, a lever pivotally mounted on the frame and manually operable for moving said armature adjacent said magnet-core and releasable from the armature while permitting the armature to be maintained in a certain position by the magnet,-and switch mechanism for controlling another circuitoperated by the lever.

4:. An electrical controller, which comprises in combination, an L-shaped magnetizableframe, a 'core carried by one'leg of the frame and located parallel to the other leg, a, magnet winding surrounding said core, a Iinagnetizable fulcrum post connected with and extending from the said other leg toward the core, an armature pivotally supported by the post and movable for bridging the gap between the postand 'core,;a. lever pivotally supported. byv .the post for moving the iarma turetoward the core and releasable from the armature to permit the magnet to retain the armature, and switcheslocated on opposite sides. of. {the fulcrumpost and supported by said magnet frame and operated respectively by the armature and lever.

5. In an electrical controller, in combination, a supporting plate having openings 3 therethrough current-conducting members of non-circular outline mounted on one side of the plate, each having a reduced portion, extending through said opening, said portion being circular in cross-section through out the entire length of said portion and screw-threaded to receive a nut for clamping said member to the plate, and an insulating block between two of said members and conforming to and engaging a non-circular portion of each member for preventing said members from turning.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

LESTER S. KEILHOLTZ.

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