US1655172A

US1655172A - Torch

Info

Publication number: US1655172A
Authority: US
Publication date: 1928-01-03
Anticipated expiration: 1945-01-03

Description

A. P. WEBER CUTTING TORCH Original led March 15. 1920 kdm.

WITNESS L if. 'momen Fate-rated dan. 3, 1925i.

Util STATES PATENT FFlCE.

ALBERT 3P. WEBER, GF OVERBROOK BGROUGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

CUTTING TORCH.

` Application filed March 15, 1920, Serial No. 365,995. Renewed May 22, 1926.

Another object is to produce a .cutting torch wherein bach tiring; is eliminated. and wherein high pressure iiuids are prevented troni enterine the passages containing fluids.

oll lower pressure.

JAnother object is to produce a `torch wherein the nozzles may be quickly and readily excl'ianpgeclor replaced without dan` 95er ot injury to the main casing ot the torch. y

i urtherobject is 'to vproduce a cutting torch wherein the enpansion'ot the metals ineide'ent Ito the heating); ot the nozzle tends to tighten the connections between the nozzle and the casinnf. Y

Another object is to produce a cutting1 torch wherein the high pressure nozzle and the nozzle :tor the lower pressure luids are .independently secured to the casing; and wherein the connections may be separately and independently adjusted.

rEhese and other objects are attained by means oi' a cutting torch embodying the ifeatures herein described and illustrated in the drawings accompanying and `forming; a part hereoit7 wherein Fig. `l is a longitudinal section through 'the improved cutting torch.

Fig. 2 is a transverse section on the line lllll of Fig. l, viewed in the direction to ward the rear of the torch.

Fig'. 3 .is a transverse section on the line llllll ot lling. l in the direction toward the iront oit the torch.

ig. l is a transverse section on the line lV lV of Fig. l. l Referring to the drawingea the torch in cludes a casing 5 having` a centrally disposed longitudinal bore 6 extending therethrough, adapted to receive the high pressure nozzle 7. which proj ects troni the easing' proper and terminates in a nozzle tip 8. rl`he nozzle 7 is provided intcriorly with a longitudinally extending 9 which communicates with a high pressure oxygen inlet l leading' into the casing1 through the threaded cap nut l1. The rear end ofthe bore 6 expands Ainto .a nhamber l2 having' a conical ground leased when it seat 13 adapted to receive the conical enlargement le oli the nozzle and iiorm a fluidtig'ht connection between the casing; and the rear end oi the nozzle. The rear end oit the nozzle is faced and ground at l and 'tightly contacts 'with a similarly ground opposing face onl the cap nut ll adapted to 'form a fluid-tight joint between the nozzle 7 and the cap nut, when the said nut is tightly screwed upon the casing;` 5.

The pipe lo tor supplying the high pres sure oxygen terminates in an enlarged conical head 17 which lits into a conical seat 18 provided in the rear end ot the cap nut. lfheyhead is secured to the ground seat by the union sleeve 'i9 and may be readily re* desired to tighten or loosen the cap nut ll.. y A

The casing is provided with a low pres` sure oxygen inlet 2() which communicates with the low pressure oxygen supply pipe 2l, and with a fuel or acetylene inlet 22 which communicates with the acetylene supply pipe 23.

The nozzle 7 is provided, asshown, with iour minute longitudinally extending grooves 24C which communicate at their rear ends with an annular low pressure oxygen re0 ceiving chamber 25 `formed in the bore 6 and communieatingwith the low pressure oxygen inlet 20. Thegrooyes 2e iorin passages between the casing` `5 and the nozzle 7 through which low pressure oxygen is conducted forwardly trom the receiving recess or chamber 25.`

As shown, the forward end oli the casing proper is provided with an annular groove tor acetylene gas which is supplied thereto from the fuel inlet 22 through three minute passages 27 drilled from the iront of the groove into inlet 22. The reservoir 26 is closed byl a sealing seat 28 having an annuy lar ridge 29 adapted to snugly lit into the annular reservoir 26 and seal it so as to prevent the escape of acetylene therefrom. The surfaces of the sealing seat and the end of the casing,` are ground so that a iuidtight joint is obtained by pressing` the seat 28 against the casing.`

A low pressure or secondary nozzle 30 is snugly iitted over the projecting end of the high pressure or interior nozzle 7 and is provided with a flange 31 at its rear end having a ground tace 32 adapted to abut the ground tace 33 on the sealing seat 28. The

`26 which serves as a small storage reservoir tiri' nozzle l0 is securely clainped against the Sealing seat 28, sind the Said seat is securely held against the casing 5 by ineens ot a threaded nut. 28 which is screwed upon the casing The tacos 32 and 33 of the nozzle SO .and the seat 2S, respectively. are heveled around the cent al hore thereof and torni an annular tuel distributing chaniher 34 surrounding the exterior eurtacc of the nozzle '7, which is in communication with the longitudinal grooves 2% in the nozzle 7. rllhe ttor ward ende of the groove Q-i are enlarged slightly i'roln a. point Within the distributing chan'ihcr lill to the tip ot the nozzle T in order to accommodate the additional gas which is supplied to the grooves at this point troni the dietrihuting chainher Which receives tuel troni the acetylene gas reservoir through a. series ot ininute passages: 35 drilled through th eenling seat 28.

Willen the nut 28 is tightened. the ground iacee oi" nozzle 30, the fivealing nt, and the :trent end or the casing are pressed tightlyY together and privent the escape around the joint ot low pressure oxygen or acetylene troni the various passages. ll hare tound that when the casing 5, sealing seat 28 and nut 28 are inade of brass. and the nozzle 80 niade ot copper, which has a higher coetiicient ot expansion than brass, that the nut 28 inay he tightened hy hand and that when the nozzle 30 is heated by the opere.- tion otthe torch, the copper expande and sufficiently tightens the joint Wit-hout neceseitating the nee ot a u'rench. l have also found that the nutinay he reinored or looeened hy hand When the nozzle has heen cooled. Nozzles constructed in thie manner may, therefore, he readily changed Within hriet periods oit"y time, and there is no noces- Sity tor straining ther various parte ot' the torch, as is frequentlyv done in tightening other forms of nozzles.

lt ivill he seen 'l'roin the foregoing that high j'n'cesure oxygen is supplied to the tip of the nozzle through the passage il, and that` loiv pressure oxygen in Supplied to the tip of the nozzle th rough the groovesA 24;. while ncei'jf'lene an is Supplied to thc said grooves;

i 11nd ia discharged with the lou' jn'ereure ow# gen. The delirerj' ot fluid through the tulies` 16, 21 and ia controlled hv valven, not Showvn. which may he adjusted to deliver thc fluid at any desired preesure.

To operate the improved torch. the valve controllingthe delivery ot acetylene grae is opened :,nd adjueted to deliver the gas lo the torch9 at apjninqiinately iittcen pound-sy per square inch above atmospheric, pressure. This gas passes 'troni the inlet 2Q through into the reservoir 2G. and after passing `through the vfire gauze Screen 36 provided in the reservoir. to prevent hack- ..ie conduct-ed to the distrilniting chainher through the 35 troni jvhence it flown through the enlarged portion ot lli-o groorc-i il to the tip oi.' the nozzle .fhcrc il is ignited. fitter the acetylene gas; has` heen ignited, the intensitjv ot conihuntion in in` creueed by Supplying lon' prensuro oxygen to the acetylene gaa lie'torc it is discharged troni the nozzle, and thie1 low pref-'sure orig'- gen is Supplied 'l'roni the o ivgen inlet 2l) through the chalnher 25 and groove` 2l which dir-:charge into the distributing chain her 3ft. llc 'ansie ot the highlyY inlianunahle .nature oit the gagnons mixture. it in nece nary to guard againnl tinck-tiring. :ln certain torches non' connnonlv in uw. the l'arilitica` 'l'or preventing Mick-tiring are inadeipialc, and the result in that cuploeions occur with Such intensitj ot heat and pressure as to burst the casinge ol the torch and treoucnt I v inse the par' together and close thc duid puerngee. lililhen the explosions are not ot uch violence afs to canne phjeical injurj7 lo the torch, thcjY interrupt the lilou` ot' gano-i; to the nozzle and canne Spluttering which cxtingoishef': tluy tlanic. This very ohjwtionahlor l'or the reason that the thune in al this` time heing need to heat the Work `preparatonvv to the cutting operation. wherein the high pressure oxygen in ed alone. lin terrnption-s, caused hy haelt-tiring. reduce the heating ellicienej' ot the torch and conseipientljY inore time is rcipiired tor this operar tion than when the tlanie is even and unin terrnpted.

ln order lo prevent haci-ruining.) relatively long paseagce havii' e;

l ooiplolv nlillllil? :'l'ou Sectional areae lor conducting the pren the nozzles. For instance, the pasnagee 2l. the nuniher oi" which va riceI with the nature ot the gases employed. are relatively long. longer than it would he prncticalile to drill a tine hole through solid metal. '.lo pro-- vide noch passages, lhave. therefore. ont grooree on the sui-tace ot the high pressure nozzle@A which arer ,fiurrmindcd hv the casing 5. scaling icat 28. :ind ncroiularv nozzle ill. which Wirte. while Separate. torni in ellen! :i casing or honeing 'l'or the nozzle.

il.; a turll'icr j u'oraution agrainzft hach-lin ing. thc arcas ot the duch: li lending l'rorn the distributing chanzhor hrouizjh the rlcah ing wat :ltl to the r4 rvoir Ilo. are reduci-1l to an :ili=f-'ol1it inininiunl. und a gauze Screen flo ot' line mesh in interposed hetn'oeu their dur'te and tho minute ductsA i cruiuiiftiiu the acetylene gaa intake Z'j with the rc1-'- crvoir QG.

luringthe normal heatingoperation. vvhcrein a nii-:lure ot' acetylene fran and oxygen is discharged 'troni the nozzle. there would he little danger ol' oxygen getting hack into the acetylene reservoir hecauec the pregaure ot the acetylene therein would more than balance that in the diS- trihuting chainher. However, after the Werl: has become eirlticientlj" heated that it 'will lll! titl

ent that there will remain in the reservoir4 2G and inlet 22 a quant-ity of acetylene gas Which might be made inflammable should oiiygen he forced back into the reservoir. Precaution is, therefore, made to prevent the leakage of high pressure oxygen into the conduits Zl` or `to the distributing chamber. The nozzle 7 is, therefore, provided with a ground joint connection, previously described, which is `cecured tothe casing independently `of themeans for securing the nozzlel or tip 3() to the casing and there is, therefore, no danger of' loosening this joint when it is desired to exchange or `adj ust the up so. j j

ln many forms of cutting torches, the high pressure nozzle `connection serves to connect the cutting tip with the casing and becomes loosened when the tipfis replaced, With the result that high `j nessure oxygen leaks into the fuel chamber and an explosion follows. The provision of an independent connection for the high pressure oxygen conduit and nozzle reducesthe possibility for leakage. Should leakage occur, that would force `Aovygen'into the acetylene pipe 23 and inlet 22, the gas in the inlet 22 is amply protected `against ignition bythe line ducts 35, screen 36 and ducts 27.

After the cutting operation, the high pres sure oxygen controlling valve `is closed and the torch may again he lighted, preliminary to starting a heating operation, as previously described.

rlhe sealing seat 28 and the nozzle 30 might be formed in one piece, but the ad-V vantages incident to the construction illustrated resides in the fact th at the two piece construction facilitates the manufacture of the parts, and protects the casing 5 from injury when the nozzle 30 is adjusted in position. 'lhc sealing seat is applied to the casing 5 and may he renewed Without serious loss, should repeat-ed adjustment of the nozzle 30 deface the seat, Whereas, if the nozzle were frequently applied to the casing and the seat became injured., repair would necessitate the replacing of an entire new easing instead of a clieapor and more easily rejiilaced sealing seat.

The construction above described is siniple and relatively compact compared With the usual torches now employed, and the parts may be readily manufactured and assembled. While l have describedthe torch as being operated with acetylene as a fuel, other fuels may be employed, and the pas sages designed and proportioned to acconr modate other fuels Without departing from the spirit of my invention,

lil/*hilo I have described and illustrated but ono embodiment of my invention, it will be apparent to those skilled `in the art that various changes, modihcations, substitutions, :ulditions and omissions may be made in the apparatus `Without depz'u'ting from the spirit and scope of the invention as set forth by the appended claims; i

l claim as my invention:

l. A cutting torch comprising a casing, a detachable nozzle extending through the casing provided with a 'liuid passage extending longitudinally of the nozzle, means for supplying iiuid under pressure to the said passage, means for connecting the said means to the nozzle and for securing the nozzle to the casing so as to prevent leakage of fluid from the said passage into the casing, a sec ondary nozzle adapted to receive fluid under pressure from a passage in the casing communicating with the exterior of the first nozzle, and means 'for securing the secondary nozzle to the said casing.

2. A cutting torch comprising a casing having a high pressure fluid inlet, a low pressure Huid inlet, and a fluid inlet, a high pressure fluid nozzle extending through the casing, having an interior passa-ge communicating with the said high pressure fluid inlet, andhaving longitudinal grooves in its exterior surface communicating with the low pressure fluid inlet through which. low pressure fluid is conducted to the tip oil the nozzle, and means for discharging fluid fuel into the said grooves from the said fluid fuel inlet at a point intermediate the fluid inlet and the discharge ends of the grooves.

3. A cutting torch comprising a casing having a high pressure fluid inlet, a llow pressure fluid inlet, and a fluid fuel inlet, a nozzle having an interior passage in coniinunication with the high pressure fiuid inlet, and a plurality of relatively small passages communicating With the low pressure fiuid inlet, a chamber Within the casing receiving fuel from the fluid fuel inlet through a plurality of relatively small. passages adapted to prevent back-firing therethrough, and means for connecting the said chamber with the said small passages for the low pres-r sure fluid, whereby fluid fuel mixed with low pressure liuid Within the said passages for lour pressure fluid.

4.-. A, cutting torch cmnprising a casing having a longitudinal bore therethrough, and a high pressure fluid inlet, a lou7 prossure `Huid inlet and a fluid fuel inlet, a high pressurenozzle extending through the bore and having an interior passage for high pressure fluid communicating With the high pressure fluid inlet, and a groove in' the er` terior oi the nozzle communicating with the low pressure fluid inlet, an annular groove in the casing forming a chamber for receiving Huid. fuel from the fluid fuel inlet till lill) lil) throuoh minute orifices ada ted to Jrevent f? hack-firmo and means for connectme' the said` chamber with the Oroove for low )ressure fluid.

A cutting torch Comprising a easing having a longitudinal bore therethrough, anda high pressure fluid inlet, a low pressure fluid inlet and a fluid fuel inlet, a high pressure nozzle extending through the here in the casing and projecting fromr one end of the easing, and having a high pressure fluid passage communicating With the high pressure inlet, and a groove in the exterior surface thereof communicating With the low pressure fluid inlet, a .secondary nozzle sur` rounding the projecting end of the high pressure nozzle, provided With a fluid fuel distributing chamber comnmnicating with the fluid fuel inlet and With the said groove in the, high ypressure nozzle, the said high pressure nozzle having a groove in its eziterior surface leading from the .said fuel distributing chamber to the tip of the nozzle, forming a passage between the secondary nozzle and the high pressure nozzle having a greater area than the groove connecting the low pressure inlet with the fuel distributing chamber.

6. A cutting torch comprising a casing having a longitudinal bore and provided with a high pressure fluid inlet, a low pressure fluid inlet, and a fluid fuel inlet, ahigh pressure nozzle extending through the longitudinal here, having an interior high pressure passage communicating with the high pressure fluid inlet, the said nozzle and casing being so constructed as to provide a passage therebetween for low pressure lluil from the low pressure inlet to the tip of the nozzle, and a fuel reserroir within the easing receiving fuel from the fluid vl'uel inlet and provided with outlet passages rommunieating with the said low pressure passage at a point intermediate the louv pres sure fluid inlet and the tip of the nozzle. i

7. A cutting torch coml'n'ising a casing having a longitudinal bore and lu'ovided with high pressure fluid inlet, a lonv pressure fluid inlet communicating with the said bore and a fluid fuel inlet, a high pressure nozzle extending through the bore and haring a high pressure fluid passage extendirul' therethrough communicating` with the high pressure inlet, means for adjustably holdingl the nozzle in assembled relation with the casif adjustably attaching the said secondary nozzle to the casing and for closing coiurnuniration between the said bore and the exterior of the easing except through the said discharge passage.

ln testimony whereof, I have hereunto subscribed my name this (3th day of `ai-ch, 1920.