US1648497A - Micrometer - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 8, 19270 M. F. MOORE ET AL.

MI CROMETER Filed Sept. 50. 1926 INVENTORS. MILES F. MOORE JOSEPH M. sM/TH.

Patented Nov. 8, 1927.

Minas F. MOORE AND .rosari-1 ai. snrrrI-r,

man. Lit' p A istanti UF'SAT FRANCSCO, CALFORNI.

laronoivrn'rnn.

Application filed September 30, 1926. Serial blo'. 3$,599.`

The present invention relates to improvements in measuringdevices, and more particularly to those of micrometrical character adapted to the dimensional measurements of circular and rectangular bodies, and is especially adaptable for securing the speedy and exact measurements of piston-rings and bodies of like construction.

The primary object of our invention is the provision of an instrun'ient of precision of the character' designated for securing accurately and speedily the diameters of closed piston-rings and similar bodies.

Afurther object of the present invention is the provision of instrument of the precision class of the character designated that is of simple andsubstantial construction,of ready manipulation, of utmost accuracy, and speedily adjustable to whatever and all measurements required to be made.

Other objects and advantages will be made to appear as this specilication progresses, and be more clearly brought out in the claims hereto appended. y

In the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, and in which similar characters of reference refer to like parts, throughout: l

Figure 1 is a. plan view showing a preferred embodiment of our invention, including the base, dial-plate, Vernier, rack,v stationary gauge-plate, movable gauge-plate, and aVpiston-ring inplace between the two gauge-plates in readiness for compression preliminary to its diametrical measurement;`

Figure 2 is a longitudinal sectional view, taken through the device, showing the several members and parts in their related positions;

Figure 3 is a transverse sectional detail, taken through the base and operating pinion;

Figure 4f is a sectional detail, showing the method of mounting the recording pinion vand rack in close and retained contact, for

theHA prevention of back-lash; y

Figure 5 is a face view of the pinion and rack, as further illustrative of the method of mounting these parts;

Figure 6 is a plan view of a substitute gauge-plate for adoption in measurements smaller than ordinarily provided for, the dot-and-dash lines, Figure 1, indicating the use of such a gauge-plate in the measurerings of less than the usual gaugeings, in which preferred embodiment of our invention has been shown, 1, in a general way, indicates the base-plate, which consists of a piece of' rectangular metal having flanged sides 2 and 3 forming supports for and giving rigidity to the base-plate 1.l

The base l is provided at one end-with a rigidly mounted right-angularly shaped gauge-plate t held in place by screws 5 and having rip-turned flanges 6 and 7 providing means for ene'aging` the peripheral surface of a piston-ring, or like body, 8, the ring being manually placed in position for measuring with its` 'open section resting againstr one of the ianges and there supportedby the base-plate 1. y y p n p A rack 9 is mounted on the underside of the base-plate 1, the outer end thereof being supported by a housing 10, the inner end thereof being provided with a right-angu; lar'ly shapedl gauge-plate 11 secured thereto by means of screwsr 12 and in form similar to that of the stationary gauge-plate `4f but differing in that it is slidablealong and upon the smooth upper surface of the base-plate 1, in manner to be hereinafter described. The base-plate 1 is further provided withy an elongated slot13 forming a guideway for the inner kend of the rack 9 and plate 11, this guide-slot being of a length sufficient to permit the plate 11 to slide toward and almost contact the plate 4. v

Thehousing 10 is provided with a shaft 14, which, in turn. carriesa recording pinion 15, this' pinion being held in mesh withy the rack 9 by means of a LJ-shaped member 16, being held in` retained ciontact therewith through the urge of a flat spring 17, which remves possibility of lback-lash between these parts.

The outer end of the shaft 14 is reduced to form a shoulder 18 uponr which the dialplate 19 is tted and held in rigid relation thereto by meansy of a cap-screw 20, the dial surface being provided with concentrically arranged rows of graduations adapted to register withsimilar graduatlons carried by the Vernier 2l, the vernier itself being secured to the base-plate l by `means `of screws 22.

The rack 9 meshes with an operating pinion 23 mounted below the base-plate` l by means of a clip 24 secured thereto by screws 25, the pinion being borne by a shaft 26 carried by the clip 24 and the base-plate l, there being secured at its upper end a thumbnut, or other suitable means of `manipulation, 27, as indicatedin .i jures 2 and In applying the device `to measurements, the manipulation of the` operating pinion through the action of the means 27 causes the rack 9 and the gauge-plate 1l mounted thereon to move either towardor from the gauge-plate 4, thereby decreasing or increasing the distance between the two gaugeplates, these. varying movements serving as measures `of dimension and beingl recorded through the action of the pinion l5 causing the dial 19 to rotate to bring the divisions on the face thereof successively past the Vernier 2l and its graduations.

In Figures 6 and 7 a gauge-plate 28 has been shown that may be used as an auxiliary to the stationary gauge-plate 4 in the measurements of dimensions of bodies smaller than those provided for in the instrument as ordinarily constructed.

The principle upon which the measurements areV dependent is that of the relation, geometrically, existing between the sides and diagonals of squares, the sidesfof the squares being considered as having been paralleled by a number of equally spaced lines the intersection ot' which with a diagonal divides it into a like number of equal parts proportional to the spacing between the parallel lines, these divisions being in inches and fractions thereof, either common or decimal. As here applied, a pinion, or other circular device, is employed whose circumferenceis equal to the diagonal of the square selected, and this in making a complete Vrevolution must cause a point adapted to travelalong the diagonal to pass from-one end thereof to the other. Should the circumference of the pitch line of the pinion be twice that of the length of the diagonal, it follows l `an inch. The reason for these readings 1n cle.

The dial shown in Figures 1 and 8` has been graduated to correspond to two inches upon the side of the square, the divisions being in.` tenths and hundredths, with the vernier graduated to read to thousandths of an inch.

Another division, in fractional parts of an inch reading to sixteenths, has been made upon an inner circle and aset of divisions indexed on the vcrnier reading to ten-thou-v sandths (.010) and tive-thousandths (.005) of the measurement of piston-rings is that the diameters that are in` commercial use are measured by inches and lths of an inch plus thousandths-thus, for instance, a ring of 4.0725 diameter is known tothe trade as 4 1/16 inches plus ten-thousandths (.010) of an inch, or as 4 l/14, 4.0625, plus .010,which equals 4.0725.

Asu

It is obvious that other standards"of` measurements than the inch may be used, so long as the circumferenceof the, pitch line ofthe measuring `pinion is equal to `or some multiple of the length of the diagonal c of the square a side of which is` selected as the unit of measurement.

Having thus described claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent lof the United States:

l. In a` micrometer, a base-plate, gaugeplates carried by said base-plate constituted of opposite sections `ot a .diagonally divided square, means for slidably moving one .of` said plates along `the eirtendedother diagonal of said square, and means for` registel'- l ing` the degree of .said movement.`

2. In a micrometer, a base-plate, a pair of'.

gauge-plates borne bysaidfbase-plate constituted of opposite sections of adiagonally divided square, means forslidably moving one of said plates along the extended other diagonal of saidsqiiiare, and means co-operatively associated with said `movable plate for registering the movement thereofV relative to the other of said plates. y

3. In a micrometer, a base-plate, a pair ofV 11,5

gauge-plates borne by said base-plate constituted of opposite sections of a ldiagonally divided square, one of said plates being rig-` idlymounted and the other adapted for slidable movement relative thereto along the extended otherdiagonal of said square,'ac tuating means co-operatively associated with said movable plate, and means co-operatively associated with saidactuating means and plate for registering the degree of movement of said movable plate.

4. In a micrometer, a base-plate, a stationary right-angularly formed gauge-plate, a movable right-singularly formed gaugeplate, means operating to slide said movable l `9a our invention, we

(ill

gauge-plate toward and from said stationary gauge-plate, and additional means in co-Vv operative association with said movable plate for registering the degree of move-y ment imparte-d thereto.

5. In a micrometer, a base-plate bearing a;

tive thereto, means co-OperatiVely lassociated* with said movable gauge-plate for sliding saidE plate toward'and from said stationary plate, a dial co-operatively associated with said movableplate, means operable through the aforesaid means for the actuation of said dial for` indicating the degree of movement imparted thereto` and a vernier in association with said dial for readingthe minute sub-divisions in the graduations thereof;

6i. In a micrometer, a longitudinally slot.- ted bare-platebearing a stationary gaugeplfate mounted at one extremity of said slot, amovable gauge-plate mounted in opposition to said stationary gauge-plate and at the other extremity of said slot, raclz secured to'said movable plate and adapted to move said movablegauge-plate along said slot toward and from said stationary gaugeplate, operable means borne by said baseplate adapted to transmit movement to said rack, a dial-plate, and means operable through the action of said racl; for the actuation of said dial.

7. In a micrometer, an elongated longitudinally slotted and flanged base-plate, a stationary gauge-plate secured to said baseplate, a slidable gauge-plate mounted in opposition to said stationary plate, a rack secured to said slidable plate, an operating pinion in association with saidrack, and additional means in association with said rack for registering the degree of movement imparted to said slidable plate.

8. In a micrometer, a base-plate, a stationary gauge-plate secured to said base-plate, a guide-slot in said base-plate, a gauge-plate mounted in opposition to said stationary plate and adapted for slidable movement relative thereto along said guide slot, a rack secured to said rlidable plate and adapted for guidance along said guide-slot, an operating pinion in association with said rack adapted to im aart movement thereto, a dialplate provided with registering indicia in co-operative association with said rack and adapted to be actuated therethrough, and a Vernier mounted upon said base-plate in association with said dial for registering minute degrees of movement of said slidablegauge-plate.

9. In a micrometer, a rectangular baseplate provided with anged supports and bearing longitudinally an elongated guideslot, a right-angularly formed stationary gauge-plate secured tothe upper face of said base-plate at the farther extremity of said slot, araelr slidably'bornebysaid baseplate and adapted' for movement along and in parallelism With said slot, a right-angularly formed gauge-plate borne by said rack andv adapted for slida'ble movemen't along the uppersurfaee of said base-plate inimison and connectedfrela-tionwith said rack,l

means in co-operative 'connection With said rack whereby i`t-may be' moved-longitudinally in opposed directions, a dial-plate bearing vregistering indicia revolubly supportedby said base-plate, operative' means connecting lsaid dial-platev with said rack whereby saidfd'ial-plate may be actuated through the movei'n'e'nts of said rack, and means for 111s d'icating such degrees of movements upon liu Said dial-plate as may 'be imparted through said ra'cl to said n'iovable gauge-plate.

10. In micrometer, ai rectangularbaseplate having flanged sections constitut'ingk supports and bearing longitudinallyv an elongated guide-slot, a rfa-ck` slidably borne beneath said base-plate and adaptedfor longitudinal guidance along. Iand" parallel# ism with said guide-slot,.gauge-plates con-V stituted ofthe two parts offadiagonally divided square frame, one of said gauge-plates being fixedly secured to the upper surface of said base-plate, While the other of said gauge-plates is connectedly secured through said slot with the said rack and adapted for to-and-fro movements, relative to said fixed-v ly secured gauge-plate over the upper surface of said base-plate as carried by its connected rack, an actuating means for the movement of said rack comprising a shaft borne by said base-plate bearing a pinion` meshing with said rack and means for shaft manipulation, a dial-plate bearing registering indicia, actuating means for said dial-plate comprising said rack, a pinion meshing therewith borne by a shaft bearing said dial-plate, and a Vernier carried by the said base-plate and co-operatively associated with said dial-plate for reading minute divisions as indicated upon the dial-plate.

1l. In a micrometer, a rectangular baseplate having flanged sections constituting supports and bearing longitudinally an elongated guide-slot` a rack slidably borne beneath said base-plate and adapted for longitudinal guidance along and in parallelism with said guide-slot, gauge-plates of similar and right-angular form, one of which is fixedly secured to the upper surface of said base-plate at the farther eX- tremity of said slot, the other being conneetedly secured through said slot With said raick and adapted for to-and-fro movement over the upper surface of said base-plate as borne by said rack, an actuating means governing the movements of said rack comprising a shaft supported by said base-plate bearing a pinion meshing Wit-h said rack and a means for shaft manipulation, a dia-lplate bearing registering indicia,pmeans for the support and actuation of said dial-plate comprising a shaft supported by housing y carried by said base-plate and bearing a pinion inmesh `With said rack and operable through the movements thereof, and .a

spring means borne by said housingadapted to urge and retain in elose contact said rack andsaid pinion to prevent back-lash.

12. In amierometer, `a rectangularlbaseplate provided With i flangesconstituting` supports and bearing longitudinally an elongated guide-slot, a rack slidably supported beneath said base-plate and adapted for longitudinal guidance along and Ain pary allelisin with said. guide-slot, aV pair of i gauge-plates of similar and right-angular by saidbase-plate and bearing apinion in.

mesh `With said rackat` its `one extremity and at its opposite a means through which it may be manipulated, a means operable'- through the action of `said rack Jfor the registration of such movements `as maybe imparted to said rack comprising a shaft bearing a pinion at its one extremity in mesh with saidrack and at its opposite a dial-platebearing registering indicia7 said dial-plate being lheld securely upon the shoulder borne by said opposite extremity of said shaft by means of a cap-screw, or other suitable device7 ahousing for said shaft, a spring means borne by said :housing n y for urging said pinion into close and `re.` tained Contact With said rack, and a vernier borne by said base-plate and arranged for i co-operative relation `with said dial-plate and its indicia for the better reading ofl minute sub-divisions or' graduation thereon.

In testimony whereof We hereunto affix our signatures.

MiLEs F. MOORE. n n Josiirii M. SMITH.

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