US1644256A - Hot-air motor - Google Patents

Description

J. KOENIG HOT AIR MOTOR Oct. 4, 1927.

llllllllllllk j flawqw Joseph Knemg Patented Oct. 4, 1927.

UNITED STATES JOSEPH KOENIG, 0F MANITOWOC, WISCONSIN.

HOT-AIR MOTOR.

Application filed February 16, 1925. Serial No. 9,499.

, This invention relates to hot air engines, and is an improvement over that disclosed in my copending application for hot air motors, Serial Number 741,634, filed October 4, 1924.. a

This invention has the same general objects as those set forth in my above'noted application. g a 7' Further objects are to provide a hot air engine which has a double acting working cylinder and consequently has greater power than the usualhotair engines, and which is so constructed that energy is imparted to the rotating parts throughout substantially the entire revolution. v

2 Further objects are to provide ahot air engine which is devoid of valves and complicated parts, but which is strong and simple in construction and reliable in operation. j

Furtherobjects are to provide a hot air engine in which a quick motion is imparted to the pistons inthe heating and cooling cylinders to quickly transfer the air and in which these pistons are allowed a'period of dwell to insure efi'ective heating or cooling of the air before the working piston has travelled any material distance.

Further objects are to secure an increase in cooling and heating surfaces by providing fins or flutes on the shifting piston in the heating? and cooling cylinders.

Embodiments of the invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. in which Figure 1 is a vertical: sectional view through the air heating and cooling cylinder and showinrr the quick motion drive.

Figure 2 is a fragmentary edge view of the sleeves carried b the circulating pistons.

Figure 3 is plan view with the working cylinder in section;

Figure 4 is a sectional view through a modified form of air heating and cooling cylinder.

Figures 1. 2 and 3 showing'the first form of the invention will be described. 7 The hot air engine comprises a double acting workinc cylinder 1. (see Figure 3) which is connected to a pair of heatinq'and cooling cvlinders 2 and 3. as shown inFigures 1 and 3. Preferably. the working cylinder'is mounted on one side of a base 4 (see Figure and the heating and cooling cvlindersare mounted one above the the other on the opposite side of the base. The base carries a suitable bearing 5 within which the crank shaft 6 inder walls.

(see Figure 1) is mounted. This crank shaft carries a. crank plate 7 at one end which is provided with a crank pin 8 and carries a cam plate 10" at its other end which is pr0- vided with a cam 10 (see Figures 1 and 2).

I The working cylinder 1 has a working iston 11 therein provided with a piston re 12 and connected with the crank pin 8 by means of a link 13,. a suitable crosshead being provided as shown. The heating and cooling cylinders 2 and 3 are of identical construction and are each provided with a circulat ing piston 14 which carries a sleeve 15. This sleeve, lfiSSllOWIl in Figure 2, is corrugated or fluted longitudinally to stiffen the sleeve in each case, and to provide free airv passages around such sleeve. 7, 1 Further, this fiuting is provided in orde to secure a very large surface which acts as a cooling surface when the air shifts from the hot end of the cylinders to the cool end. and as a heating surface, or regenerative surface when the air shifts from the cool end to the. hot end of the cylinders. The purpose of the sleeves is to keep the air moving in small channels when shifting, and thereby bring the air into close contact with the heating and cooling surfaces.

' It'is to be noted from Figure 1 that the pistons 14 are of heat insulating material and that the sleeves 15 arespaced from the cyl- The heat insulating piston keeps the heat from passing to the cool portion of the sleeves.

The cylinders 2 and 3 are each provided with an inwardly extending rear portion 16 which is hollow, and which carries an electric heater 17 of anv suitable type,the electric heaters being slipped from the outer side of the apparatus into the hollow inwardly projecting portions 16 and adapted to heatsuch portions. At the other end of the cylinders inwardly projecting portions 18 are provided and are equipped with inwardly extending radiating fins 19. Further. this end of the cylinders is also provided with external radiating fins 20 thus maintaining such ends cool.

From Figure 1 it is to be noted that the pistons 14 each carry piston rods 21 which pass through any suitable type of stufiing One end of the beam 23 is connected by means of a suitable link with a cross-head 25, such cross-head receiving between it the triangular cam 10. It is to be noted that the cam 10 is provided with curved faces 26 which are formed on the arcs of circles whose centers are at the apexes of the triangular cam. This cam is rigidly carried by the cam plate 10 and as such cam plate rotates. the cam will impart a quick for ward and rearward motion to the lever 22 followed in each case by a quiet period or dwell,

It is to be noted from Figure 1 that the cross-head 1s earned between the upper gu1de 2-1 mentioned above and a lower guide 27 so thatit is free to slide in a securely guided manner back and forth as the cam, disk 10 rotates. Any suitable means may be employed for connecting the opposite ends of the working cylinder 1 with the other cylinders. For instance a pipe 28 may extend from the forward end of the working cylinder to the c linder 3 and a pipe 29 may extend from the rear of the working cylinder to the cylinder 2.

It is to be noted that no valves are provided in this hot air engine anl that the circulatory air system is completely closed, suitable stuffing boxes being provided for the several piston rods.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows :-Assuming that the parts are in the position shown in the Figures 1 and 3, it will be noted that the forward portion of the working cylinder 1 is in communication with the cylinder 3 and consequently the air is chilled by being brought into contact with the cool end of such cylinder. thus cooling theair. Further. as the piston 11 of the working cylinder moves forward in view of this contacted condition, the air from the cylinder 2 which in contact with the heated end of such cylinder. expands and pushes against the rear of the piston thus transmitting energy thereto. This state of affairs continues for a brief period until the cross-head 25 commences to move forwardly and, thereafter. the air in the cylinders 3 and 2 is circulated to the hot and cool ends. respectively. of such cylinders. thus preparing the system for a reverse stroke of the work ing piston. This cycle of operations con- ,tinues indefinitely as long as heat is supplied the hot end of the cylinder the fins maintaining the cool ends of the cylinders 2 and 3 in a cool condition. as stated above.

It is to be noted from Figure 3 that the working cylinder 1 is provided with check' valves 30 and 31 at opposite ends and that these check valves open inwardly and are carried in projecting tubular members. The purpose of these valves is to permit the introduction of air under pressure to each part of the working system and to thus place the air throughout the system under initial pressure. It has been found from actual experiments conducted with these hot air devices that their efficiency or output is vastly increased by initial compression for ing cylinders such as shown in Figure 4,

the same principle is employed. However, this cylinder as indicated at 30, is provided with a double walled casing at its forward end to provide a water passage 31 for cooling purposes. The heated inwardly projecting portion 32' is provided with a burner 33 which replaces the electric heater in the other form of the invention.

It is to be distinctly understood that if desired the fins disclosed in the first form of the invention may be replaced by the water cooled end, as disclosed in Figure 4c, and also that the water cooled end of Figure 4 may be replaced by the fins if desired.

It will be seen that a hot air engine has been provided which is of extreme simplicity, and which is devoid of working valves or complicated parts. V

It will be seen further that a hot air engine has been provided in which the working piston has two working strokes for each revolution of the crank shaft. and it will thus be seen that a more powerful and a more compact hot air engine has been provided than has heretofore been possible.

It is to be noted further that the engine is substantially fool proof and does not require the supervision of a skilled operator.

It is to be noted that the electric heating elements for the hot ends of the cylinders 2 and 3 make the device verv safe as a toy.

Althou h the invention has been described in considerable detail. it is to be understood that the invention may be variously em-* said shaft for imparting a quick stroke in opposite directions to the air shifting pistons, sleeves supported at their centers and carried by said air shifting pistons, said ing cylinder and the other pipe opening into 10 sleeves overhanging the recessed ends and the other air conditioning cylinder, and having longitudinally extending corruga means permitting the placing of the entire tions for both stiffening such sleeves and insystem under initial compression.

' creasing their exposed surfaces, pipes lead- In testimony that I claim'the foregoing I ing from the front and rear end of the workhave hereunto set my hand at Miami Beach, 15 ing cylinder and opening approximately in the county of Dade and State of Florida. centrally into the air conditioning cylinders,

with one pipe opening into one air condition- JOSEPH KOENIG.

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