US1640395A - Shaft centering and marking machine - Google Patents

Description

M. H. DAMERELL SHAFT CENTERING AND MARKING MACHINE Aug. 30, 1927.

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entree STAT-ES.

7 MARK H. DAMERELL, OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, ASSIGNOR T WYMAN-GOR- PATENT OFFICE.

I DONCOMPANY,. OF WORCESTER, MASSACHUSETTS, A CORPORATION OF MASSA- CHUSETTS.

. SHAFT CENTERING AND 'MARKING MACHINE.

Application filed February 17, 1925. Serial No. 9,884.

This invention relates to a machine for centering and holding a shaft and for thereafter marking a center hole therein.

It is the general object of my invention to provide a machine in which the centering and marking operations are performed by the machine itself, without requiring the 6X- ercise of skillor judgment on the part of the operator.

To the furtheranceof this general object,

- I provide improved devices for clamping and centering the shaft, a novel mechanism for presenting a punch to each end of the shaft, and means for driving the punch against the end of the shaft with rapidly repeat-ed blows, while the shaft is held by the clamping devices/ Another object of my invention is to provide an eflicient and'simple mechanism for unloading the machine and removing the shaft therefrom, as soon as the marking operation is completed. 7

My invention further relates to arrangements and combinations of parts which will be hereinafter described, and more particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

A preferred form of my invention is shownin the drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a front elevation of my improved machine;

Fig. 2 is a plan View, partly in section, of certain parts thereof;

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional elevation, taken along the line 3 3 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is a rear elevation of certain parts shown in Fig. 3;

5 is an end elevation, partly in section, looking in the direction of the arrow 5 in Fig. 1;

Flg. 6 1s a rear elevatlon of certainparts shown in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7 is'a sectional view of the auxiliary unloading valve, the view being similar to a portion of 5 but showing the parts in a different position; J

Fig. 8 is a longitudinal sectional elevation through one of the marking heads, taken along the line 88 in Fig. 5;

Fig. 9 is a view similar to 8, but showing the parts in aldifferent posit ion;.

Fig. 10 is an end elevation of certain pneumatic connections, looking in the direction of the arrow 10 in Fig.1;

Fig. 11 is a sectional view of the gripper valve,-to be described; 7

Figs. 12 to 19 inclusive are front and side elevations of the different parts of the mark-,

,ing valve which controls the operations of the marking heads;

Fig. 2O is a sectional front elevation of said marking valve;

Figs. 21, 22 and 23 are transverse sectional elevations of the marking valve, taken along the line 2121 in Fig. and showing the parts in :different successive positions Fig. 24 is a side elevation: of certain valveactuatingdevices, looking in the direction of the arrow 24 in 1; and p Fig. 25 is a front elevation of certain valve-actuating connections, looking in the direction of the arrow 25 in Fig. 24.

,Referring particularly to Fig. 1, I have shown my improved centering and marking machine as mounted upon a base' or bed having legs or supports 31 and 32 at the opposite ends thereof. Marking heads 33 are I provided at each end of the bed 30 and the heads are slidably mounted thereon to ac commodate shafts of different lengths. Clamping stands 34 are also mounted on the bed 30between the heads 33.; and these stands are also longitudinally adjustable to meet varying conditions.

I will first describe th'e'devices by which a shaft is centered, and held,these devices being clearly set forth in Figs. 2, 3 and 4 As the clamping devices are substantial duplicates in construction, except for reversal of parts, a description of one clamping device will apply to both. I

Each clamping stand 34 (Fig; 3) is providedwith a guideway 35 fitting one of the guides 36 onthe bed 30. Another surface 37 of the'stand 34 rests upon a flat supporting portion 38 of the bed 30. A cross slide 39 (Fig. 2) is adjustable forward and rearward on the stand 34 by means of an adjusting screw 40 and adjusting nuts 41 and 42. ,The screw 40 extends freely through a lug or projection 43 on the front of the i guided a member 47 projecting from the support 48 on which are mounted the clamping jaws or grippers 50 and 51 (Fig. 3).

The support 48 may be vertically adjusted on, the slide 39 by means of nuts 52and 53 (Fig. 4) threaded on a' stud 54 (Fig. 3) fixed in the slide 39 and projecting upward through a lug 55 (Fig. 4) on the support 48. A gib 56 (Fig. 2) may be drawn-against the projecting member 47 by a clamping screw 57 to hold the support 48 after it has been vertically adjusted.

The forward clamp or gripper 50 is supported upon parallel links 60 and 61 (Fig. 3), which in turn are pivoted to the support 48. The rear gripper 51 is mounted upon a lever 62 also pivoted to the support 48, and

the lever 62 is connected by links63. to theparallel arm 61 in such a manner that'the grlppers 50 and 51 have simultaneous and substantially equal movements but in oppo site directions.

'Slight allowance may be made, in determining the relative motion of the grippers, for the fact that the gripper 51-engages the shaft substantially upon its horizontal diameter, while the gripper 50 engages the shaft at two points spaced substantially above and below the horizontal diameter.

The lever 62 is also connected by a link 64 to a piston rod 65 and piston 66, slidable in a clamping cylinder 67. Air connections are made to the opposite ends of the cylinder 67 by pipes 68 and 69 from an air supply to be hereinafter described. Each cylinder 67 is mounted on a rearward projection 48 of its associated support 48.

Arms 70 project rearward from the stands 34 (Fig. 3) and support bearings for an unloading shaft 71. An unloading arm 72 (Fig. 2) for each clamping stand is keyed to the shaft 71 and is movable upward and.

rearward to raise the shaft after the centering and marking operations are completed and to discharge the shaft at the rear of the machine. The arms 72 are keyed to the shaft 71 for sliding movement thereon and are held against the stands 34 by recessed brackets 34 (Fig. 4). Adjustable stop screws 72 on the supports 48 limit clownward movement of the arms 72. The shaft 71 (Fig. 5) is connected by an arm 73 and link 74 to a piston 75 vertically slidable in an unloading cylinder 76.

A pipe (Fig. 10) furnishes a supply of air under pressure for actuating the several parts of the apparatus. This pipe 80 is c0nnected through a shut-off valve 81 and branch pipe 82 to a main marking valve A by which the operations of the marking heads 33 are controlled. Another pipe 84 connects the air supply to a second main Valve B by which the operations of the connection to the pipe 69 leading. to the inner or front end of the cylinder 67..

An angula-rly movable valve member 87 is mountedv in the chamber 88 of the valve B and is formed on or secured to a shaft 89 (Fig.25) supported in a bearing 90 (Fig. 24) depending from the bedv 30. An arm 91 is fixed to the end of the shaft 89 and is connected by a link 92 to a foo-t lever 93 which is pivoted at 94 to a bracket 95 which may be fixed to the floor F. A second lever 96 is pivoted at 97 to the bracket 95 and has a pin and slot connection at 98 to the lever 93.

Depression of the lever 93 moves thevalve WVhen the lever 93 is depressed, the valve- 87 (Fig. 11) is moved to connect the pipe 69 to the atmosphere, and to admit air under pressure to the pipe 68, thus advancing each piston 66 to the position indicated in Fig. 3, and causing the grippers 50 and 51 to engage and center the shaft S. By thereafter depressing the foot-lever 96 the grippers may be caused to recede and release the work. It will be understood that the pipes 68 and 69 may be connected to simultaneously opcrate as many centeringand clamping devices as may be desired.

The unloading devices are connected to operate in timed relation to the movements of the centering and clamping devices. Referring to Fig. 5, the cylinder 7 6 is provided with a cylinder head 100 having a chamber 101 for an auxiliary unloading valve 102. The valve 102 has a series of piston elements 103, 104,105 and 106 separated by air spaces 107, 108 and 109 (Fig. .7).

The cylinder head also has a port or passage 110 connecting the valve chamber 101 with the inside of the cylinder 76, and a transverse passage 111 connecting the valve chamber 101 through a pipe 112 (Fig; 6) to an upper portion of the cylinder 76. A pipe 113 is connected from the right hand end of the valve chamber 101 to an intermediate portion'of the cylinder 76 and a branc'h pipe 114 (Fig. 10) connects the middle portion of the valve chamber 101 to the air pipe 69 previously described. The pipe 114 has a shut' off valve 115 by which the unloadingdevices can be held inoperative when so desired. A branch pipe 116 (Fig. 10) connects the left hand end of the valve-chamber 101 to the air pipe 68 previously described.

In normal position, the grippers are withdrawn and there is air pressure in the pipe 69 as previously described, and hence there is air pressure in the pipe 114, as indicated. by the arrow in Fig. 10. The normal position of the auxiliary valve 102 is that shown in Fig. 5, so that air from the pipe 114 passes through the air space 108 to the port 111 and through the pipe 112 to the upper portion of the cylinder 76, where it'acts to depress the piston 75. At the same time, the port 110 below the piston is connected around the air space 107 to an atmosphere port 117 (Fig. 5).

\Vhen the valve 87 (Fig. 11) is reversed, the pipe 114 is connected through the pipe 69 to the atmosphere and air under pressure from the pipe 68 is admitted through the pipe 116. The cylinder space above the pieton is thus connected to atmosphere and air under pressure is admitted at the left hand end of the auxiliary valve 102 (Fig. mov ing the valve 102 to the position shown in Fig. 7. The port 110 is still connected to the atmosphere but through a different counttion,.namely, through the air space 108 to the pipe 114. There is no other immediate result from this endwise movement of the valve 102.

lVhen, however, the main valve 87 is returned to the position shownin Fig. 11, air under pressure is again admitted through the pipe 69 to the pipe 114 but with the a uxiliary valve in the right hand position shown in Fig. 7. The air under pressure then S flows through the air space 108 and to the lower end of the cylinder 76 and forces the piston 75 upward, actuating the unloading arms 72. As the piston reaches its raised position, indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 5, the upper end of the pipe 113 is opened below the gals ton to the air under pressure in the cylinder 76, which flows downward through the pipe 113 to the end of the valve chamber 101 and forces the auxiliary valve 102 from the position shown in Fig. 7 to its original position, as shown in Fig. 5.

This'restores the air connection through the space 108 and port lll 'to the pipe 112 vent breakage of parts as the piston moves upward to eject the marked shaft. V

The auxiliary valve 102 has a 'stem 12 (Fig. 7) provided with two annular depressions forming seats for a spring-pressed ball 123, by which the valve stem and valve are held yieldingly in either of the axial'positions previously described. A vent 124 leads from the outer end of the stem 122 to the valve chamber 101 to prevent the trapping of air at the outer end of the valve stem.

I have now described the connections and operation of the mechanism controlling the centering and unloadingdcvices, and it will be vseenthat the, simple depression of the foot lever 93 advances the grippers to center and hold the shaft, and that the subsequent depression of the foot lever 96 causes Withdrawal of the grippers and causes the unloading" arms to eject the shaft and to return to normal inoperative position, all without further attention by the operator.

I will now describe the operation and construction of the marking heads 33. Referring to Figs. '8 and 9, each marking head 33 has a sleeve 01' quill supported in bear ings 131 and 132 in the head 33 and also having' an outer bearing in the end plate 133 of the'marking cylinder134. A piston 135 is 105 amen thequill 130 and is slidable in the cylinder-134. 'A punch 136 is mounted in a tapered seat in apunch holder 137 which is slidabl'e in'the quill 130.

A bushing 138 is threaded in the outer end 110 of the quill 130 and engages one side of a flange 139 on the holder 137, thus limiting outward movement of the holder and punch.

A heavy coil spring 140 is inserted between V the opposite face of the flange 139 and the 115 end of an inner sleeve 141 mounted within the quill 130. I

A driving rod 142 is slidable in an axial opening in the holder 137 and one end of the rod engages thepunch 136. The opposite end of the rod 142 is engaged by the striking member 143 of a pneumatic hammer 144 which'is secured in the outer end of the'quill 130 by a cap 145 and lock nut 146.

The hammer144 is of a usual commercial 125 type and. its details of construction form no part of my present invention. For the purposes of this; application, it is sufiicient to state that'the hammer is provided with an air supply pipe 147 and an exhaust pipe 148 and that the admission of air under pressure operate and strike rapidly repeated blows upon the driving rod 142.

, The marking cylinder 134is provided with ports 150 and 151 at opposite ends of the cylinder, to which ports are connected air pipes 152 and 153. The admission of air under pressure to the pipe 152 and port 150 moves the piston 135 and quill 130 to the inoperative or withdrawn position shown in Fig. 8, while admission of air under pressure through the pipe 153 and port 151 moves the piston and quill to the operative position shown in Fig. 9, in which the punch 136 is pressed yieldingly against the flanged end of'thc shaft S.

In the operation of my machine, as will be hereinafter described in detail, the punch 136 is pressed yieldingly against the end of the shaft and while thus held, the pneumatic hammer 144 is set in operation to deliver repeated blows through the driving rod 142, thus driving the punch into the end of the shaft, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 9.

The pipe 147 which supplies air to the hammer 144 is connected to the front side of the casing of the main control valve A,

previously referred to, as indicated in Figs. 21 to 23. The pipe 153 for advancing the punch toward the work is connected to the rear side of the casing of the valve A and the pipe 152 for withdrawing the punch is connected to the lower side of the casing of the valve A. The construction of the valve A is shown in detail in Figs. 12 to 20.

The valve A comprises two casing mem bers 160 and 161 which are secured together to form a chamber 162 (Fig. 20) in which is mounted a valve member 163. The valve member 163 is fixed on a short shaft 164 rotatable in hearings in the casing members 160 and 161'and provided with a handle 165 for manual operation thereof. The valve member 163 is designed for angular movemerit only and is held by air pressure against the casing member 161. The valve member 163 is provided with two ports 166 and 167 (Fig. 17 which extend directly through the valve disc and is also provided with two additional ports 168 and 169 which extend part way through the disc from the left hand face thereof, as viewed in Fig. 16, and which are connected by a cross passage 170 to an axial opening 171 which connects to the atmosphere through the open end of the casing member 160;

The pipe 82 previously described is connected directly to the valve chamber 162, as shown in Fig. 20. The pipes 147, 152 and 153 (Fig. 14) are connected respectively to ports 172, 17 3 and 174 in the casing member 161 and the ports 173 and 174 are provided with circumferentially extended portions 175 and 176 at their working faces adjacent the valve member 163 as also indicated in Fig. 14. A packing 177 is provided for the shaft 164 within the chamber 162 and is held in place by a collar 178 (Fig. 18). I will now describe the operation of the marking head 33 as controlled by the handle 165 and the main valve A.

The normal or inoperative position of the valve A is indicated in Fig. 21, and the corresponding position of the handle 165 (Fig. 10) is indicated by the heavy dot-anddash line. In this position the port 167 through the valve member 163 admits air to.

the pipe 152, which connects to the front side of the marking cylinder 134, and thus causes the piston 135 and quill 130 to beheld in rearward inoperative position. The pipes 147 and 153 in this position are connected to the exhaust through the ports 168' and 169, cross-passage 170, and the axial exhaust opening 171.

When the handle 165 is moved downward to the intermediate position indicated in Fig. 22, the port 167 admits air through the pipe 153 to the rear side of the piston 135, forcing the quill 130 and punch 136 forward against the shaft S. At the same time the pipe 152 is connected through the port 168 and cross-passage 169 to the exhaust. The offset end portions 175 and 176 permit these air connections to be made with the valve member 163 in intermediate position. I

The next and final downward movement of the handle 165 brings the parts to the position shown in Fig. 23. Air is still admitted through the pipe 153' to hold the punch 136 firmly against the shaft S, and the pipe 152 is still connected to the exhaust, these connections being undisturbed by movement of the lever 165 from the position shown in Fig. 22 to that shown in ut in the final position in Fig. 23, air is also admitted through the port 166 to the pipe 147, by which it is taken to the pneumatic hammer 144 which thereupon operates to drive the punch 136 into the work and mark the center of the shaft. The handle 165 is then returned to the position shown in Fig. 21, cutting off the air pressure from the hammer, connecting the pipe 153'to the exhaust, and admitting air through the pipe 152 to withdraw the quill 130 and punch 136. Reference to Fig. 1 will show that the pipes 147, 152 and 153 are formed with two branches connected respectively to the marking heads at the opposite ends of the machine. Also that the pipes 68 and 69 are similarly connected to the two separate clamping heads.

From the full description heretofore given it is believed that the general operation of the machine will be readily apparent. The operator places a shaft in the clamping heads 34 and depresses the foot lever 93 to admit air behind the pistons 66 of the clamping heads, thereby advancing the grippers or clamping jaws 50 and 51 and centering the shaft in the machine, as indicated in Fig. 8 The handle 165 (Fig; 10) is then moved downward to intermediate position, corresponding to the valve position shown in Fig. 22, advancing the quill 130 and marking punch 136 to the position shown in full lines in Fig. 9. The handle 165 is then moved downward to the extreme lower position, corresponding to the valve position shown in Fig. 28, in which position the hammer 144i is made operative to drive the punch 136 into the work. The handle 165 is then moved upward to stop the hammer and withdraw the marking head to the position shown in Fig. 8, and the foot lever 96 is then depressed to reverse the connections to the clamping cylinders 67, and thus cause separation of the grippers or clamping jaws. Simultaneously the unloading device is automatically operated as previously described in detail to swing the unloading arms 72 upward and rearward to eject the shaft which hasjust been marked. The arms then return automatically to their initial positions, and the machine is ready to receive another shaft.

In Fig. 2, I have indicated the work as comprising a crank-shaft such as is used in automobile engines, but it is obvious that the.

machine is equally well adapted for marking any kind of shaft or roll or other similar article.

Having thus described my invention and advantages thereof, I do not wish to be 11m ited to the details herein disclosed otherwise than'as set forth in the claims, but what I claim is 1. A shaft centering and marking machine comprising shaft centering and holding devices, a pair of marking heads a marking device movable in each head, means to advance said marking device against an end of a shaft positioned by said holding devices and means to hammer said marking device into said shaft.

2. A shaft centering and marking machine comprising sha'ft centering and holding devices, a pair of marking heads a marking device movable in each head, said pneumatic means to advance said marking device against an end of ashaft positioned by said holding devices and additional pneumatic means to drive said marking device into said shaft.

3. Ashaft centering and marking machine as set forth in claim 2, in which a single control element in provided and in which both pneumatic devices in both marking heads are controlled by manual movement of said single element. V

A. A shaft centering and marking machine as set forth in claim 2, in which a single control element is provided and in "which both penumatic devices inboth marking heads are controlled by'manual movement of said single element, and inwhich the difierent pneumatic devices are rendered operative by suc- I .said marking device while thus pressed against said shaft.

6. A shaft centering and marking machine 7 having, in combination, a bed, a pair of marking heads mounted for adjustment along said bed toward and from each other, marking devices in said heads, actuating means therefor, and a single control for said means efi'ective to cause said marking devices to be pressed simultaneously against the work and to thereafter cause rapidly repeated blows to be delivered to said marking devices.

7. A shaft centering and marking machinehaving, in combination, shaft gripping and unloading devices, a manually operated main valve controlling said devices, shaft marking devices, actuating means therefor, and a second manually operated main valve controlling said means. I

8. A shaft centering and marking-machine having, in combination, shaft gripping and unloading devices, a manually operated main valve controlling said. devices, an auxiliary automatic valve for said unloading devices, shaft marking devices, actuating means therefor, and a second manually operated main valve controlling said means.

9. A shaft centering and marking machine having, in combination, shaft gripping and unloading devices, a manually operated main valve controlling said devices, shaft marking devices, actuating means therefor, and a second manually operated main valve for said means, effective in successive positions to advance the marking devices against the work and to thereafter automatically deliver rapidly repeated blows to said marking devices.

10. In a shaft centering and marking machine, means to center and hold a shaft in horizontal position, and mechanical means to raise a shaft released from said holding means and to swing said shaft about a horizontal axis parallel to said shaft upward and rearward, discharging said shaft at the rear of the machine.

11. In a shaft centering machine, a pair of shaft grippingv devices, means to move said devices toward and from each other to support a shaft in horizontal position, and mechanical means to raise a shaft after it is released by said gripping devices and to swing said shaft upward and rearward about a horizontal axis parallel to itself in a circular path-for substantially one half of a revolution, said shaft being thereafter discharged at the rear of the machine.

12. In a shaft centering machine, a clamp ing head, shaft gripping devices thereon, an unloading arm pivoted adjacent said gripping devices, means to advance and retract said gripping devices with respect to each other, and means to raise and lower said unloading arm in predetermined relation to the movements of said gripping devices.

13. A shaft centering machine comprising spaced pairs of gripping devices, stands for said gripping devices, a rock shaft mounted on said stands, an unloading arm on said rock shaft adjacent each pair of gripping devices and normally positioned below the work, and means to move said shaft to swing said arms upward and rear-' ward to eject the work and to thereafter re turn said arms to normal inoperative post tion.

14. In a shaft centering machine, shaft centering and gripping devices, pneumatic actuating means therefor, an unloading device, pneumatic actuating means for said anloading device, and connections effective to co-ordinate the movements of said. two pneumatic actuating means.

15. In a shaft centering machine, shaft centering and gripping devices, pneumatic actuating means therefor, an unloading device, pneumatic actuating means therefor, and a control valve for said latter pneumatic means rendered operative by said first mentioned pneumatic means.

16. A shaft centering machine having, in combination, shaft gripping devices, an unloading member, pneumatic means to actuate said devices and said member, a manually controlled main valve for the air supply to said pneumatic means, and an auxiliary valve controlling the distribution of air from said main valve to effect successive advance and withdrawal of said gripping de controlled main valve for the air supply to said pneumatic means, and an auxiliary valve controlling the distribution of air from said main valve to effect successive advance and withdrawal of said gripping devices, followed. by an operative movement of said unloading member and thereafter by a return movement of said member to normal inoperative position, and means to effect said withdrawal, unloading and return movements automatically by said auxiliary valve after a single setting of said main control valve. 1

18. An unloading mechanism comprising a work-engaging unloading member, a pis ton connected to actuate said member, a cylinder for said piston, a main valve controlling the air supply to said cylinder, and an auxiliary valve controlling the distribution of air through said cylinder and effective to can'e successive unloading and return. movements of said piston and worleengaging member.

In testimony whereof I have hereuntb attired my signature.

- MARK H. DAMERELL.

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