US1637091A - Process for the removal of the cerealins and drying of grain moistened for this purpose - Google Patents

Description

Q 1,657 091 July 1927 s. STEINMETZ PROCESYS FOR THE REMOVAL OF THE CEREALINS AND DRYING OF GRAIN MOISTENED FOR THIS PURPOSE Filed Nov. 6, 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 FIG. 1.

Jnvenfar 672F190 5TE/ NME a 1,637 091 s. STEINMETZY PROCESS FOR THE REMOVAL OF THE CEREALINS AND DRYING OF GRAIN MOISTENED FOR THIS PURPOSE Fild NOV. 6, l926 2 Sheets-Sheet. 2

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Patented July 26,1927.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

STEFAN STEIN METZ, OF BERLIN, GERMANY.

PROCESS EoR THE REMOVAL OF THE CEREALINS AND DRYING E GRAIN MOISTENED EoR T ns PURPOSE.

Application filed November 6, 1926, Serial No. 146,697, and in Germany October 19, 1925.

The bran; that is the wrapper which covers the kernel of the rain consists, as is well known, of two difiirent layers. The outer layer or so-called cellulose tissue, is

worthless for human nourishment and is almost hygroscopical.

'The removal of this cellulose layer by a vet process and by means of peeling and centrifugal devices is well known. The in- H) ner layer, the aleuron or faveolate layer is like leather and ofl'ers a very great resistance against entrance of water. These two layers are fixed together and provided by nature with a certain sticking ferment.

l5 Mege-Mouries. who has discovered this ferment as early as inthe middle of the nineteenth century has given to the same the,

name cerealine. To the presence of this ferment the extreme acetous fermentation of the bread-dough, the darkening of its colour and the bad digestibility of the bread are attributed. It is known to experts, that the action of these disagreeable characteristics entirely depends upon the degree of removal of this sticking ferment or cerealine. If the latter is carefully removed, the bread becomes of a lighter color and the quantity of acetous contents therein will be reduced.

By washing and peeling the grains by a 80 wet process it will be possible to partially remove this sticking ferment. This process,

however, is connected with the grave disadvantage, that-the machines used for carrying out the same will become soiled very as easily. Furthermore, experience has shown,

that cold water alone will not be suflicient' for carrying out this process, and that furthermore the drying and polishing of the grains leaves much to be desired, if the main purpose of the process consists in the entire removal of the cerealine. The above statements will serve in order to facilitate the better understanding of the invention, which has for its primary object to absolutely remove the cerealine and at the same time to again bring the grains into dry condition. This invention consists essentially therein, that the grains are soaked and washed in a single process by a positive motion of the same, and thereupon exposed likewise by positive motion to such intimate friction between each other that in the working contairers there will be produced such a degree of heat, that the heat on the one hand will facilitate the removal of the cerealine and illustration of a on the other hand act favourably upon the process of drying the moistened grains, as early as they leave the last working machine. According to this invention the drying of the grains by positive motion is accomplished by. means of hinged plates, which are disposed in front of the outlets of the working containers so as to close up said outlets by the action of springs or weights. Such hinged plates are known for instance in connection with mills and dissolving machines.

The accompanying drawing shows an plant working according to this invention. Fig. 1 is in part. a vertical section, and in part a longitudinal view of the machinery for carrying out the process according to this invention. Fig. 2 is a side view of the machinery shown in Fig. 1, and Fig. 3 a cross-section through the working containers of the machinery according to Figs. 1 and 2.

The corn, moistened with water in any well known manner, is conveyed in positive motion by means of a conveyor spiral 1, while the outlet of the conveyor is closed by the yieldingly hinged plate 2, which is kept in closed condition by a weight or spring attached thereto. As soon as a certain pressure is generated during the motion of the corn in the casing or container 3. the plate 2- will open automatically and the grain together with the water may pass said hinged plate and enter into the drum 4. In this drum the free water may discharge through the sieve 5, while the moistened grains will enter into the drum 6. The stroke ledges 7 will now press the grains towards the inner wall of the drum, which may be fixedly or rotatablymounted. In

order to fill the drum 6 as near as possible up to the inner wall the ledges 7 are provided with perforations 7 and in addition to this the outlet of the drum 6 contains a hinged plate 8, which is weighted on its outside and thus give way tothe grain only after the latter is subjected to a relatively high pressure.

.As the preliminary drum 6 is working without ventilation the increased friction of the grains will produce heat, which will preliminarily and thoroughly soften not only the outside layer or tissue of cellulose, but also the layer of cerealine by means of the water, which becomes lukewarm due to said aforedescribed operations are friction. By means of the hinged plate 8 the outlet of the grains will be automatically regulated under pressure. The warmed grains to ether with the removed and loosened hul s are now entering the peelin drum 9, in which the hulls will be remove in the known manner by friction and carried away by the suction ventilator. In this drum also the work is done under an increased inner frictional pressure, because the outlet of this drum is likewise provided with a hinged plate 10, which is acted upon by a weight or spring. By means of the heat, which will thus be produced in combination with the action of the suction ventilator the grains are dryed to such an extent that they will again almost assume their normal degree of dryness.

The cerealine, however, after this procedure will not yet be absolutely removed. This is accomplished by the subsequent steps of operation of the plant, for which the the preliminary steps. The device serving for the subsequent operations consists of a centrifugal washing device 11 and a polishing machine 13. In the centrifugal device the entering ain will be impinged upon in the full width of the washing s ace by a jet of pressure water which may e mixed. with chalk or other chemical substances which are not njurious to human health.

Thereupon the polishing machine, which is equipped with a shaft having stroke ledges 13 will perform the separation of the water, which had again been added, and thoroughly and finally remove the cerealine and pol ish the grains in dry condition.

The passage of the grains from the centrifugal device 11 into the polishing room takes place through a top opening 14, provided in the separation wall 15.

The polishing machine is likewise connected with the suction ventilator, the stroke ledges 16 of the polishing machine being also provided with perforations, which are hinged plate and weights or sprlngs and the outlet with a therefor. The pur ose is, as before, to obtain by friction a su cient degree of heat for disdirected towards the outside, also 18 provided, the same as before,

solving the cerealine and to dry the grains; The suction ventilator removes also the dus to ether with the cerealine. I

he process according to this invention may also be performed, with existin peelin devices by providing the describe hinget i lates on the outlets with these devices, and y connecting the apparatus with a centrifugal washing device and a polishing machine 11 and 12. 4

It will be understood, that no part of the plant herein described, which serves for carrying out the process according to this invention, is a new device, when considered for itself. According to this invention a considerable progress is attained b the hinged plates for the purpose of pro ucing a new effect by the heat which is generate in the apparatus. In ordinary mills and dissolving machines the heat generated therein will exert an injurious effect upon the baking capacity of the material and for the preservation of the gluten cells and must therefore be as far as possible avoided. According to the present invention, the heat is intended to be produced and used for a useful purpose, viz, for the removing of the cerealine and for drying the moistened products.

I claim:

A process for removing the oerealine from grains, which consists in soaking the grains in a single uninterrupted process and during positive motion of the same, washing said grains, thereupon exposing said grains under exclusion of ventilation to an interior friction, so as to raise the temperature in the vicinity of the grains to such an extent, that the water carried along with the grains will become lukewarm and thus be able to soften the cerealine and partly dissolve the same, thereupon rubbing and sucking off the so loosened and detached shells in the known way from the grains, again washing the grains with pressure water, polishing said grains in a polishing machine, and liberatin said grains by action of centrifugal force om the moisture adhering thereto.

In testimony whereof I have aifixed my signature.

STEFAN STEINMETZ.

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