US1630571A - Car truck - Google Patents

Description

May 31, 1927. 1,630571 B. W. KADEL ET AL CAR TRUCK Filed May 20. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet l May 31, 1927.

GAR TRUCK Filed May 20. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet mvemtou 40 /0 4o Patented Ma 31, 1927.

UNITED STATES 1,630,571 PATENT OFFICE.

IBYEBS W. KAIDEL, Q]? BALTIMORE, MARYLAND, AND DONALD S. BABROWS, OF

- ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

GAB TRUCK.

Application filed Kay 20, 1926. Serial No.110,510.

This invention relates to railway car trucks and, more particularly, to the construction of the bolster and associated springs and retainers therefor for reserving some of the spring capacity until after a predetermined bolster deflection.

The principal object of our invention, generally considered, is the design of the bolster, springs, and spring plates associated therewith whereby a portion of the spring capacity is not brought into play until after certain of the springs have been stressed a predetermined amount.

An object of our invention is the employ- 'ment of a bolster rovided with a downwardly opening poo et over one or more of the spring units supporting the same whereby the supporting capacity of said spring units is reserved until the other spring units are stressed a predetermined amount.

Another object of our invention is the design of the bolster and the arrangement of the springs and the construction of the spring plates therefor for permitting successive compression of said springs, the upper spring plate, for that purpose, being formed in a plurality of parts adapted for successive engagement by the bolster and separate spring retaining means extending between said separate upper spring plate and the corresponding lower spring plate, the bolster, where it overlies said upper spring plate, being formed with bearing areas positioned at difi'erent elevations so that the spring or springs underlying one 'or more of said spring plates is not brought into action until after a predetermined deflection of the bolster.

A further object of our invention is the provision of an additional spring unit associated with an A. R. A. standard four unit nest of springs for increasing the capacity of car trucks with which employed, the associated spring plates being formed to correspond with and receive the extra spring unit and provided with means for locating the same with respect to the associated spring plank and bolster, the upper spring plate for said nest of springs bemg formed in two parts, one of said parts being adapted for retaining the four original spring units and the otherpart being adapted for retaining the additional spring unit, the bolster bein formed with a recess overlying the additional spring. unit and its spring plate and adapted for receiving said plate and the upper portlon of the spring unit, whereby said fifth spring unit is not engaged by the bolster until after. the other spring units have been compressed a predetermined amount.

Other objects and advantages of the invention relating to the particular arrangement and construction of the various parts Wlll become apparent as the description proceeds. Referring to the drawings illustrating our 1nvention,. the scope whereof is defined by the appended claims:

Figure 1 is a fragmentary side elevation .of a car truck, shown partly in section, and

particularly illustrating the construction of the various members associated with the bolster springs.

Figure 2 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 22 of Figure 1 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 3 is a transverse sectional view on the line 3-3 of Figure 1 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 4. is a plan of the spring plank seat' portionof the side frame, the position of the springs thereover being diagrammatically indicated by dot and dash lines.

Figure 5 is a top plan of the bottom spring plate.

Figure'6 is a partial transverse sectional view corresponding to Figure 3 and showinga modification.

Referring to the drawings in detail, like parts being designated by like reference characters, a truckside frame 1 is shown fragmentarily and is, in the present embodiment of our invention, of integral cast construction embodying a compression member 2, a tension member 3 and bolster guide columns or strutsd spacing intermediate portions of said compression and tension members, leaving a bolster or window opening 5 therebetween; The compression member 2,

over the bolster openinggfis indicated as of bolster guiding portions thereof, while the tension member 3, beneath the bolster opening 5, is shown as substantially box shape in an em 0 cross section. In this 'particul ment, the tension member 3, beneath the bolster opening, is formed with an up er web 6, a lower web 7, a front or outer we 8 and a rear or inner web 9, said webs 8 and 9 preferably remaining substantially upright for their entire length but positioned more widely apart beneath the spring plank seat portion for more efiiciently supporting the springs located thereover. The web 7 is preferably formed of substantially uniform width except beneath the bolster opening where it is widened to correspond with the wider spacing of the webs 8 and 9 which extend from the edges thereof to the upper web 6. In order to form a spring plank seat portion of ample width, the web 6 is extended laterally beyond the upper edges of the webs 8 and 9 forming outward or front flange or shelf portions 10 and inward or rear flange or shelf portions 11.

The spring plank 12 preferably rests directly on the upper web 6 of the tension memher beneath the bolster opening which forms the spring plank seat portion and the upper surface of said seat portion is preferably rovided with A. R. A. standard squaring ugs 13 which engage in corresponding apertures 14 in the s ring plank for maintaining the desired relation between the spring plank and side frame. The end of the spring plank 12 is preferably formed with an embossment 15 to limit the outward-shifting of the associated spring group. The length of the spring plank is preferably sllghtly greater than a standard spring plank because of the additional spring group or unit with which it is adapted to be used in the present embodiment but it is to be understood that.

the broad principle of our invention may be utilized in connection with many other embodiments involving the employment of standard spring planks or spring planks constructed in any desired manner. The width of the springplank at the ends thereof is slightly greater than normal because of the increased corresponding dimension of the spring group or nest with which employed, but the spring plank may be formed from a blank of standard width with the flanges decreased in height at the ends of the plank to correspond with the necessary in-. crease in width of the plank for the accommodation of the preferred spring arrangement. As shown most clearly in Figures 1 and 2, the spring plank 12 is of channel construction and the web thereof is formed with spring plate locatingapertures 16 so positioned that, when the lank is assembled with the side frame, said apertures are located on the longitudinal center line of the frame.

Positioned on the web of the spring plank 12 is a spring plate 17 formed with locating bosses or extensions which engage in the apertures 16 of the spring plank and properly position the spring plate and the associated spring units 19. In the embodiment illustrated, the bosses 18 are formed by pressing substantially conical extensions downwardly from the plate 17 but it is obvious that they may be of any desired construction. In accordance with our invention, in a preferred embodiment illustrated, we preferably employ an A. R. A. standard four unit nest of springs which is positioned on the sprin plate 17 but the units thereof are more widely spaced with respect to each other than normal for receiving an additional spring unit 20 centrally thereof. Each of the grou s of springs or spring units 19 and 20 pre erably comprises, in accordance with usual practice, an outer coil 21 and an inner coil 22. All the springs are preferably positioned directly on the spring plate 17 and properly located with respect thereto by means of upstanding annular flanges or collars 23 which engage the innermost springs 22 of the spring groups 19 and 20.

In order to accommodate the extra or reserve spring group or unit 20, the spring plate 17 is correspondingly extended in area, as shown most clearly in Figure 5, and

'formed with five instead of four spring 10- cating collars 23. The additional group of springs 20 is preferably centrally located with respect to the other springs 19 in accordance with the normal spacing between said springs and lies, when assembled, on approximately the longitudinal center line of the side frame so that the entire group balances about said longitudinal center line, that is, its center of gravity corresponds therewith. The locating bosses 18 are likewise arranged so that they lie on the longitudinal center line of the side frame, when assembled, and, therefore, are in line with the spring collar for the reserved spring group 20, as most clearly shown in F igure 5. A

The upper spring plate 24 is preferably identical in outline with the lower spring plate 17 but is reversed in position so that the collars 23 thereon extend downwardly and engage the inner springs 22 of the spring roups or units 19, the outer springs 21 bemg properly positioned by being wound in an opposite manner compared with the inner springs and closely encircling said inner springs. Said spring plate 24 is formed with an aperture 25 large enough for receiving the central spring unit 20 with the normal clearance therebetween and a separate spring plate 26 is provided for said spring 28 inwardly to 29 and said bolster is preferably of a length corresponding with the increased length of the spring plank.

For retaining the spring plates 17, 24 and 26 in the desired assembled relation with respect to the springs therebetween, the spring locating collars on the plates 17 and 26 engaging the central unit or group of springs are preferably formed with inwardly extending annular ledge portions 30 leaving openings 31 for the reception of a retaining bolt or other connecting means 32 extending therebetween with a headed portion and nut, respectively, engaging the ledge portions 30 on the spring plates 26 and 17. For retaining the spring plates 17 and 2,4 in the desired assembled relation with respect to the springs therebetween, there is preferably provided a pair of embossments 33 on each spring plate extending toward corresponding embossments of the other spring plate and apertured centrally at 34 for receiving retaining bolts or the like 35, the heads of said bolts being adapted to receive the shoulders of the embossed portions around the apertures 34 in one sprin plate and the nuts on the other ends of said olts being adapted to similarly enga e with the other spring plate. These embossments 33 are preferably extended to such a height or depth that the bolts 35 used therewith ma be short enough to obviate the necessity 0 providing retaining bolt apertures in the spring plank seat portion of the side frame and/or the associated spring plank. The embossments 33 are preferably, though not necessarily, positioned as indicated on the longitudinal center line of the side frame and formed in correspondingly extended portions of the spring plates provided within the clearance limits between the flanges of the spring plank and bolster guiding portions of the side frame.

The spacing of the standard or outer four units is preferably such that the length of the group in the direction of the length of the side frame corresponds with the bolster opening so that the assembled nest of springs may be inserted through said opening and positioned over the spring plank seat portion I of the frame with the necessary clearance only provided with respect to the bolster columns. The spacing of the four outer spring units in a direction transverse to the side frame or longitudinally of the spring plank is governed bythe space necemary for the central spring unit 20 and, in accordance with this requirement and otherwise spacing the springs in this direction a minimum distance apart while still'allowing normal clearance therebetween, it will be apparent that the spring arrangement is substantially or approximately square in outline, as shown most clearly in Figures 2 and 4. More particularly, the arrangementor outlinev of the nest of springs is rectangular, the lon axis of the rectangle extending transverse y of the side frame, but being onl slightly longer than the short axis thereo which extends longitudinally of said frame. 7 w

In order to allow for compression of the springs due to the load on the car, the spring plank 12 is preferably apertured at 36 directly beneath the bolt or other retaining means 32 and the upper web 6 of the tension member of the side frame is formed with a registering aperture 37. The edges of thespring plank seat portion or upper web 6 of the tension member adjacent the aperture 37 are preferably reinforced by depending flange or collar portions 38 so that the strength of the frame is not materially decreased by said aperture '37. Q In order to provide for stressing the spring units successively rather than simultaneously, the bolster 28 is formed with a downwardly opening pocket 39 overlying, in the present embodiment, the central spring unit 20 and its retaining spring plate 26.

The pocket 39 is preferablycircular and 'of sufficient size to just receive the spring unit 20 and its associated plate 26 with normal clearance therebetween and of a depth corresponding to the compression of 'the other springs desired before it is considered ad.

visible to bring into play the additional or reserve spring capacity of the spring unit 20. For example, the depth of the pocket or recess 39 may correspondto one-half the compression to the capacity of the other spring units so that the additional or reserve spring capacity will come into play only after one-half the rated load has been applied tothe four outer spring units of the nest of springs, it being obvious that under such circumstances,'the central spring unit,

if of a size corresponding with the four outer spring units, would only be adapted for compression to one-half the rated compression thereof and the arrangement shown would give an effective spring capacity corresponding to four and one-half spring units. Of course, the foregoing is only a suggestion asit is contemplated to form the recess or pocket 39 in accordance with the conditions under which the springs are to be used and the effective depth of the pocket 39 may be varied to get the most desirable operative conditions for the springs by the use of spring plates 26 of varying thickness or washers or' shims in connection therewith. We do not wish to be restricted to reserving the capacity of only the spring'unit as shown in the present embodiment as, if desired, a plurality of spring units may be reserved in' a similar manner. a

For adequately reinforcing the spring plank seat or upper webti of the tension member 3 for supporting .the novel arrangement of springs in accordance with our .in-=

vention, said web 6 is preferably formed and reinforced as most clearly shown in Figures 3 and 4. It will be a parent that the front or outer flange or le ge 10 is extended in width to a maximum below the outer spring units and extended at uniform width between said outer spring units, A similar construction for the flange 11 occurs beneath the inner pair of spring units. A proximately beneath the outer springs, t e extended flange 10 is preferably reinforced and braced with respect to the web 8 by means of preferably triangular web or bracket portions 40 and the inwardly extending flange 11 is similarly reinforced by preferably substantially triangular web or racket portions 4.1 extending directly beneath the inner spring units between said flange 11 and the inner web 9.

As a further reinforcement'for the spring plank seat portion or web 6 of the tension member, the reinforcing collar or web 38 around the aperture 37 is preferably joined to the side webs 8 and 9 by depending ribs or webs 42 and 43, respectively, positioned directly under the transverse center line of the central spring unit 20, as'most clearly indicated in Figure 4. From a consideration of this figure, particularly, it will be apparent that the webs or brackets 40 and 41 together with the collar 38 and webs 42 and 43 are positioned most efliciently for adequately supporting the springs positioned thereover especially as the efiiciency of the arrangement is increased by the wider spacing of the side webs 8 and 9 directly beneath the spring plank seat portion of the frame. It will be apparent that although the aforedescribed reinforcement is especially designed for the five unit nest of springs arranged in accordance with my invention, yet it is admirably adapted for supporting the A. R. A. standard four unit nest of springs when the same are positioned so that the center of gravity thereof lies on the longitudinal center line of the side frame.

Referring now particularly to Figure 6, a modification is shown which utilizes 'a single, 11 per spring plate 24 rather than a plum ity of spring plates 24 and 26, as in the, first modification. The central portion 1 26 of said upper spring plate 24 is upward- 1y embossed into the pocket 39 and is of a size corresponding to said pocket and the central spring unit 20 so that it receives said central spring unit and reserves the capacity thereof until after the desired compression of the other spring units. This alternative construction obviates the necessity of the additional retainingbolts 35 and uses merely a single retaining bolt 32 of correspondingly increased length. upon deflection of the bolster, the four outer springs 19 will be compressed an amount corresponding to the depth of the pocket 39 of It will be apparent that the bolster before the central spring unit 20, which is received in the corresponding embossment in the upper spring plate 24 is engaged by said upper spring plate and, particularly, the embossment 26 thereof to compress said spring unit. Exce t as specifically described in connection wit Figure 6, the other details of constructionmaybe identical with that disclosed in connection with the first modification illustrated in Figures 1 to 5, inclusive.

From the foregoing disclosure, it will be seen that we have devised a construction which provides for a reserved spring capacity approaching twenty-five percent of the initial spring capacity with a reserved spring unit like the other spring units and adapted for considerable variation either way by using a stronger or weaker secondary or reserved spring unit without radically changin the construction of the side frame and spring plank. Although the arrangement has been shown in connection with a normal design for fifty-five ton side frames yet, as is obvious, it is not limited to frames of such capacity and the broad idea of forming a pocket in the bolster over a portion of the bolster s rings for reserving a certain proportion o the s ring capacity until after the remainderof t e springs are stressed a predetermined amount may be utilized with an desired type'of frame, bolster, spring p%ank and' associated springs and spring p ates.

Having now described our invention, we claim:

1. In a car truck, in combination, a side frame formed with a bolster opening and a spring plank seat portion under-l ing said opening, a nest of 5 rings of um orm normal height suppo by said sp plank seat portion, and a bolster sup rted y said nest of springs, said bolster King so constructed that the springs will be successively loaded.

2. In a car truck, in combination, a side frame formed with a bolster opening and a spring plank seat portion beneath said opening, a nest of springs'supported above said spring plank seat portion, and a bolster su porte over said nest of springs, said bo ster being so constructed that certain of the sprmgs are initially stressed and that the remainder of the spring capacity is brought 1nto play after the bolster has been'deflected a predetermined amount.

3. In a car truck, in combination, a side frame formed with a bolster o g and a spring plank seat portion un erlying said opening, a nest of springs su ported by said sprin lankseat portion an a bolster support y 581d nest of springs, said bolster emg formed with a pocket overlying a portion of the nest ofsprings whereby certain of the springs are initially by movement of the bolster and the remainder of the nest of springs comes into action only after a predetermined amount of bolster movement.

4. In a car truck, in combination, a standard side frame formed with a bolster opening of normal size and a standard spring plank seat portion underlying said open ing, a nest of springs supported by sa1d spring plank seat portion and a, bolster supported by said nest of springs, said bolster being provided with a pocket over one of the units of said springs whereby said spring is not stressed by the bolster until move ment thereof corresponding to the depth of the pocket.

5. In a car truck, in combination, a side frame formed with bolster columns leaving an opening therebetween normally adapted for a four unit nest of springs and a spring plank seat portion beneath said opening, a five unit nest of springs supported by said spring plank seat portion and arranged with two pairs of transversely disposed springs, longitudinally spaced to allow just sufficient clearance with respect to the bolster columns, the spring units of each pair being spaced sufiiciently for receiving the fifth spring unit centrally disposed with respect thereto, and a bolster supported by means of said nest of springs but formed with a pocket directly over the central spring unit and adapted for receiving the upper end thereof, whereby said bolster is initially supported by only the four outer spring units until after a re determined movement thereof correspon ing to the depth of the pocket, when it is su ported by the five units of the nest of springs.

6. In a car truck, in combination, a. side frame formed with a bolster opening and a spring plankv seat portion beneath said opening, a spring plank positioned on said seat portion, a five unit nest of springs supported on said spring plank above the seat portion of the frame, four of said spring units being arranged approximately as a. square in oute and formed as two pairs of spring units positioned, respectively, inwardly and outwardly of the longitudinal 'centerline of the associated side frame, the units. of each pair being spaced as far apart as possible yet close enough together to allow sufficient clearance for insertion in the bolster opening, the corresponding spring units of the pairs of springs bein spaced sufiiciently grfaifisversely of each ot er for allowing the with respect to the four spring units, a bolster supported by said nest of springs and formed with a portion initially engaging all but the central spring unit, said portion being formed with a recess overl the central spring unit and adapted or the reception of the upper end thereof whereby the spring unit to be positioned centrally capacity of said central spring unit is reserved until after a predetermined compression of the other spring units.

7. In a car truck, in combination, a side frame formed with a compression member, a tension member and bolster guide columns spacing intermediate portions of said compression and tension members leaving a window opening therebetween, that portion of the tension member, beneath the window opening, being laterally widened to form a spring plank seat portion, a spring plank supported on said seat portion, a live unit nest of springs supported on said spring plank, four of said units being arranged in rectangular formation with the long dimension disposed transversely of the side frame and only slightly longer than the short dimension, the outer rectangular outline of said springs being short enough for insertion between the bolster columns and wide enough for receiving the fifth spring unit centrally of the springs with suflicient clearance therebetween, a bolster, the corresponding end of which is supported by the springs and retaining means for the four rectangular arranged spring units serving to properly space the same with respect to each other, the spring plank and bolster, separate retaining means for the central spring unit, Said bolster being. formed with a spring receiving pocket over the central spring unit whereby said unit is not compressed until aftlgil; a predetermined movement of the 8. In a car truck, in combination, a side frame formed with a bolster opening and a spring plank seat portion underlying said opening, a standard four unit nest of springs supported by means of said spring plank seat portion and an additional spring unitof the same size as the units of the nest of springs centrally disposed with respect to the four units, said four units, for that purpose, being moved longitudinally toward the corresponding ends of the side frame until just enough clearance remains for insertion in the bolster opening and moved transversely toward the corresponding sides of the side frame until just enough clearance is provided for insertion of the fifth spring unit centrally thereof, a bolstersupported by means of said springs and formed with a recess overlying the central spring unit and adapted for receiving a portion thereof whereby the capacity of said spring unit is reserved until after a predetermined compression of the other spring units. a

9. In a car' truck, in combination, a side frame formed with a bolster opening and a spring plank seat portion underlying said opening, a nest of springs of uniform normal height supported by said spring plank seat portion, and a bolster supported by-said nest of springs, one of said members being so constructed that the springs will not be simultaneously loaded.

10. In a car truck, in combination, a side frame formed with compression and tension members spaced at intermediate portions thereof by bolster guide columns todefine a bolster opening and a spring plank seat portion underlying said opening, a spring plank supported on said spring plank seat portion, a nest of springs supported on said spring plank, and a bolster supported on said nest of springs, the construction of said members being such that the major portion of the load' is carried by the springs adjacent the bolster guide columns, thereby relieving the central portion of the nest of springs of maximum stresses. I

11. In a car truck, in combination,a side frame formed with a bolster opening and a spring plank seat portion underlying said opening, a nest of springs supported by said spring plank seat portion and abolster supported by said nest of springs, said bolster being formed with a portion at a higher elevation than the adjacent spring supported surface and overlying part of the nest of springs whereby certain of the springs are initially stressed by movement of the bol ster and the remainder of the nest of springs comes into action only after a predetermined amount of bolster movement.

12. In a car truck, in combination, aside frame formed with a bolster opening and a spring plank seat portion beneath said opening, a spring plank positioned on said seat portion, a five unit nest of springs supported on said spring plank above the seat portion of the frame, four of said spring units being arranged approximately as a square in outline and formed as two pairs of spring units positioned, respectively, inwardly and outwardly of the longitudinal center line of the associated side frame, the units of each pair being spaced as far apart as possible yet close enough together to allow suflicient clearance for insertion in the bolster opening, the corresponding spring units of the pairs of springs being spaced sufficientlytransversely of each other for allowing the fifth spring unit to be positioned centrally with respect to the four spring units, a bolster supported by said nest of springs and formed with a portion initially engaging a part only of said nest of springs whereby the capacity of the remainder is reserved until after a predetermined compression of said part.

13. A bolster formed with a ortion at each end thereof adapted to over ie 5 rings for the resilient support thereof, sai portion being formed with a centrally positioned downwardly opening recess for re serving the capacity of a portion of said springs until after a predetermined bolster movement.

14. A spring plate for a five unit nest of springs formed with a boss adapted to engage within a centrally positioned spring unit of the nest, and erforated for the reception of a retaining olt, apertured embossments positioned on either side of said boss and adapted for receiving retaining bolts, whereby certain of the spring units may have independent movement with respect to the remainder of the nest of springs, and annular spring locating flanges provided for the other four spring units.

15. A spring plate for a five unit nest of springs formed with a central aperture, apertured embossments positioned on either side of said aperture and adapted for receiving retaining bolts, whereby certain of the spring units may have independent move ment with respect to the remainder of the .nest of springs, and annular spring locating flanges provided only for the other four spring units.

In testimony whereof we alfix our signatures.

BYERS w. KADEL. DONALD s. BARROWS.

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