US1625029A - Erection of wings and the like for flying machines - Google Patents

Description

. I 1,625,029 P" 1927- H. JuNKERs ERECTION OF WINGS AND THE LIKEFOR FLYING MACHINES Filed Ju'iy 22. 1925 Patented Apr. 19, 1927.

r 1,625,029 UNITED STATES PATENT. OFFICE.

nueo aunxnns, or missau, GERMANY.

ERECTION 9F .WINGS AND THE LIKE FOR FLYING MACHINES.

Application filed ll'uly 22, 1925, Serial No. 45,379, and in Germany August8, 1924.

' My invention refers-tothe construction of flying machines and more especially to means whereby the several structural parts constituting the wings and othersubstan- 6 tially' plane-shaped parts of a flying machine can be easily assembled and mounted in place. in the wing or the like. My ,in-

vention more especially aims at simplifying the assembling of the several parts with 10 a view to quantity production.

It 'is a particular object of my invention to provide a fixture for the erection of the wings, rudders and the like forming part .of anaeroplane, by means of which these parts can be erected in the shortest possible time and with the highest degree of exact ness.

In the fixture according to the present invention a plurality of supports capable of being fixed in predetermined positions are PIOVldBCl, which allow fixing in correct .relative position the spars or other mainstructural members of the wing or other body to be constructed. I am thereby enabled to mount} on-the main structural members all connecting parts in absolutely correct position without any difficulty and without requiring anyseparate templets, the main structural members themselves being rigidly F9 fixed in place.

In a preferred form of a fixture according to this invention the supports extend substantially in vertical directionso as to be enabled to carry the main structural 5 members in superposition one above the other, whereby it is possible to construct the wing or other plane .on edge. At the same time the body in .course of construction is freely accessible '40 from all sides.

The supports forming an important part of the novel fixture preferably comprise two end supports displaceable in the longitudinal direction of the base plate orframe and serving for supporting the spars at their ends, and a number of intermediate supports. which can be dismantled in lateral irection. In. consequence of this arrange- "any of parts the spars of thewings are elialily and correctly supported also beween theirzends, and each partil lik'e can. made readily accessible heycon'structiomby temporarily rech intermediate supports as are =f 1"fthe mQment. By displacbody while it stands of the wing" ing one or both end supports the finished body can easily be disengaged from the fixture.

In order further to easily mount in place the hinges of rudders or similar parts which must'be positioned very exactly, I provide templets with the hinge eyes or corresponding. fittings which can be fixed on the supports and the base plate and which warrant from the beginning a correct positioning of all such parts.

In order to further facilitate the construction of flat bodies which are mainly braced in longitudinal direction bymeans of spars or the like, such as the wings of aeroplanes, I provide auxiliary spars mounted on the fixture in a position adjoining the position which the sparsiof the wings are. designed to occupy, and I further provide templets for ipreparing the mounting on the spars of other structural parts b marking thereon or drilling therein the holes for the fixation of 'such parts, these templets being mounted on the auxiliary spars. I thereby simplify the mounting in position of the several parts to be connected with each other inasmuch as, no gauging is required, the longitudinal and other dimensions being predetermined automatically. by means of these. templets. The auxiliary spars'carry ing these latter are preferably mounted on the supports for easy disengagement and adjustment, means resembling for instance buckle or' strap fastenings being provided on the supports, which allow the auxiliary spars being removed in proportion as the work proceeds in order to render the finished portion of the wing or the'like more readily accessible.

In -the drawings affixed to this specification and forming part thereof a fixture embodying my invention is illustrated dia: grammatically by way of'example. In the drawings Fig. 1 fixture for use in the construction of aeroplane wings having tubular spars,

Figs. 2 and 3 are a side elevation and cross section respectively of a-detail drawn to a lar r scale. 1

Referring to the drawings, 1 is the foundation frame carrying a fixed end frame 2 and a disengageable end frame 3 with screwed sockets orother fastenings 4 for tlielongitudinal spar cli v d ng- Q WSS 19 is a perspective view showing a proper. Preferably the bearings members. This is in Figs. 2 and 3, where the templet 13 1s "14; is mounted in the end porte bya strut 15 of the oplane or to some other wingportion. The end frame 2 which in the' exampleillustrated is designed to support the tip of the wing, need not be provlded with'any threaded fastenings for the spars but is fitted with perforations in-the end plate 5 through which the plane ends of the spars project during the astembling.

' Intermediate the two end frames 2 and 3 there are mounted. on the foundation frame 1 three intermediate frames consisting each of two vertical standards 6 ,with broadened bases 7,'transverse staying mem-f bers 8 and a horizontal tie 9.

The bases '7 and staying members 8 of the intermediate fram wise mounted on the frame 1 in an easily .isenga'geable manner. Theties 9 are also disengageablyrcpnnected with the standards 6 by means of bolts or the like, where all these parts can be mounted in place from the outside and can be taken down sideways as the work proceeds. 1

The intermediate frames 6, 6 carry spar holders 10 capable of adjustment in vertical andhorizonta'l direction and which are fast-- ened on the strutswith treenails and se-. cured thereon b means ,of steady p ns or the like after the correct position of the longitudinal spars has been ascertained. By means of the spar holders and the straps or the like. connected with them the spars can be mounted and maintained in correct position. The spar holders 10v further oar bearings 11 serving to fix in osition au iary s are 12, extending 'su stantially in paralle to and sideways of the winig spars or the auxiliary spars 12 are also formed after the manner .of locking stra s. On. the a'uxlhary spars 12 are meant templets 13 for rocking motion about the spars. These ng or drillingof the holes in the spars required for mountinglthereon the connect' own more ,particularl' shown .in inoperative position in Fig. 2, while Fig. 3 showsthe templet' inoperative position where it is applied a inst the spar and a drill extends through t e templet and into the spar. v In the bottom part of the fixture which in the example illustrated takes up the rear edge of the wing to be built, 'a strong spar me 2 c 'a the ti of the wing, its 0th r end beingasupounted 'on the foundation The spar 14 carries templets frame.

16 with eyes which allow an exact fixation are bolted or otherd and the like templets can be applied against the are n rali of the su ort for the aileron which is hinged to t is part of the wing.

fIn fitting o ture, I proceed for instance as follows': While the foundation frame'lfonly carries the endframes 2 and 3 either finally mounted in place or still spaced somewhat furthertion together with the auxiliary spars 12' up a wing or supporting surface a a flying machine by means of this fixand the main spars are now fastened to the intermediate frames by .means ofthe f straps 10. The marking or drilling templets 13 are now applied one after the other against the main spars, the rivet holes areprodu'ced and the several transverse and diagonal bracings are fixed with the aid of these holes by means of special riveting devices intro-I duced into the tubular spars and the members designed to connect the several spars are their mounted-on the spars whereupon the skeleton of the wing is' finished, The

intermediate frames 6 are now takendown and removed ,tpgether with the auxiliary spars 12 extending sideways of the skeleton,. and this latter is now readily accessible for the mounting of the skin or covering, which. inthe cast of an all metal wing, is now fixed tothe spars and connecting "pieces by riveting.

Obviously the rudders, ailerons, planes and the like can be'asse similar manner. v I v I' shit to ,be understood that I do not balancing bled in a" desire to be limited to the exact details of construction shown and described, for obvi,-' ous modifications will occur .to a person skilled in -the art 3 I claim: I v 1. Fixture for "the erection wings. and similar parts of flyin mac ines dis a hle ongsaid foundation frame, all

sai' frame'sfhaving'a width slightly'emeedon ed' of 0mpr1sing the com ination of ion ing the thickness of the wing or the like to mg be erected, and means forming art. of said 4 vertical frames for securin the ongitudinal spars. of the wingor the he in their final relative position.

wings and similar parts ofifl yin mec ines and the like comprising a horizo tion frame extending in the lon 'tudinal direotion and having a width slig tl exceeding the thickness of the wing or t elike to be erected, a luralityi of vertical cross flfames mounted for longitudinal displacement on and having. substantiallythe same width as said foundation frame and a hei ht slightly exceeding the length of the wing or the like to erected and means forming 2. Fixture for thelerectiom on ed e of lfounda- I part of said vertical frames for securing the lon 'tudinal' spars of the wing or the like in t 'eir final relativeposition.

3. Fixture for the erection on edge of wings and similar parts of flying machines and the like comprising a horizontal foundation frame extending in the longitudinal direction and having a width slightly exceed ing the thickness of the wing or the like to be erected, a vertical cross frame mounted for longitudinal displacement on each end of said foundation frame, an intermediate vertical cross frame mounted on said foundation frame for removal inlateral direction and means forming part of said longitudinally displaceable frames for securing the longi-.

tudinal spars of the wing or the like in their final relative position.

4. Fixture for the erection on edge of wings and similar parts of flying machines and the like comprising a horizontal foundation frame extending in the longitudinal direction and having a width slightly exceeding the thickness of the wing or the like to be erected, va vertical cross frame mounted for longitudinal displacement on each end of, said foundation frame, an intermediate vertical cross frame mounted on said foundation frame for removal in lateral .direction, means forming part of said longitudiframes for securing the longitudinal spars of the wing or the like in their final relative position, an auxiliary spar extending between a longitudinall displaceable and an intermediate vertical rame and means on said intermediate frame for temporarily supporting said auxiliary spar.

5. Fixture for the erection on edge of Wings and similar parts of flying machines and the like comprising a horizontal foundation frame extending in the longitudinal direction and having a width slightly exceeding the thickness of the Wing or the like to be erected, a vertical cross frame mounted for longitudinal displacement on each end of said foundation frame, an intermediate vertical cross frame mounted on said foundation frame for removal in lateral direction, means forming part of said longitudinally displaceable frames for securing the longitudinal spars of the wing or the like in their final relative position, an auxiliary spar extending between a longitudinally displaceable and an intefmediate vertical frame, means on nally displaceable said intermediate frame for temporarily supl porting said auxiliary spar and a templet rockably mounted on said auxiliary spar. In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

HUGO J UNKERS.

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