US1618392A

US1618392A - Oil burner

Info

Publication number: US1618392A
Application number: US756908A
Authority: US
Inventors: Charles M Stroud
Original assignee: LELIE H FAWKES
Current assignee: LELIE H FAWKES
Priority date: 1924-12-19
Filing date: 1924-12-19
Publication date: 1927-02-22
Anticipated expiration: 1944-02-22

Description

Feb. 22,1927. ,39 7 C. M. STROUD v on BURNER Filed Dec. 19. 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 lrronA/srs c. M. STROUD on. autumn Filed Dec. 19. 1924 2 Sheets-Shoot 2 Over! ow fins f'wenloz 'C/IARLEJMJTFOUO lrromve'vs' Patented Feb. 22, 1927.

UNITED STATES gr PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES M. s'rnonn, or MrNNnAroms, 1 vrrNNis'sdTA, nssre'rNon or oNE-HA'LF TO LELIE H. FAW'KES, or MINNEAPOLIS, MINNESOTA.

OIL, BURNER.

Application filed December 19, 1924. Serial No. 756,908.

This invention relates to improvements in oil burners particularly adapted for use in connection with steam or hot water boilers or hot air furnaces of the coal-burning type, such as are commonly employed for-heating various types of buildings, and, by the use of which such a furnace may readily and quick- ;ly be converted into a liquid fuel burning furnace with-a minimum amount of labor.

The particular object of this invention is toprovide an oil burner which is an improvement on the form of burner featured in my prior pending application, filed September 4, 1924, Serial No. 785,867.

A further object of the invention is to provide an oil burner comprising a retort into which the liquid fuel oil or distillate is delivered in substantially a raw state, and wherein it is partially vaporized, after which the thus partially vaporized fuel passes through a series of vaporizing tubes wherein it will be thoroughly and completely vapor ized before being discharged into the path of theinrushing air currents for admixture therewith, thereby providing a highly combustible mixture which may readily be ig- 'erably provided with a central boss 13 in nited for subsequent combustion.

A further object is to provide an oil burner having a simple means whereby it may readily and conveniently be leveled upon installation, should the foundation upon which it is mounted be uneven.

A further object is to provide an oil burner comprising the utmost in simplicity and ei'iiciency and one which will be positive and fool-proof in performance when operated in conjunction with the usual well-known control apparatus.

Other objects of the invention will appear from the following description and the accompanying drawings and will be pointed out in the. annexed claims.

In the drawings. there has been disclosed a structure designed to carry out the various objects of the invention, but it is to be understood that the invention is not confined to the exact features shown, as various. changes may bemade within the scope of the claims which follow.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification,

Figure 1 is a vertical sectional view of the improved oil. burner;

Figure 2 is a horizontal sectional view on the line 22 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a similar view on the line 33 of Figure 1.

The novel oil burner featured in this invention comprises a metallic base4, preferably circular in form, having a cover 5 mounted thereon. A shallow pan- '6 is centrally mounted in the base 4' and is preferably supported therein by means of integral arms 7 as particularly shown in Figure 2. By this arrangement. of. the .pan 6 within the base, it will be noted that openings 8 will be provided between the radial arms 7, and through these openings air is'supplied to the burner as will subsequently be described.

.Acentral opening 9 is provided in the cover 5 and this opening is encircled by a depending flange 11 formed on the cover. The lower edge of the flange 11 preferably extends slightly below the upper edge of the flange 12 of the pan 6 so that when theair passes upwardly through the openings 8, it must follow a tortuous path, as indicated by the arrows in Figure. 1.

The shallow pan 6 of the base 4 is pref- Which the lower end of an upwardly extending pipe section 14 is secured. A nipple 15 opening 9. of the cover 5, is loosely mounted on the pipe section 14 and is supported upon the boss 13 as: shown.

Thus, an annular opening will be provided bet-ween the upturned outer flange of the priming pan and the depending flange 11 of the cover 5.

Thefmeans provided for vaporizing the fuel in this novel burner preferably consists in the provision of a retort 19 mounted on the upper end of the pipe section 14. A cover 21 is mountedon the retort to provide a closure for the top thereof. A series of vaporizing tubes'22 are secured to the bottom of the retort 19 and extend downwardly therefrom substantially inparallel relation to=the pipe section 14, to a point near 7 the. top of the cover 5. A skirt-like member or hood 23' is mounted on the retort l9 and is preferably supported by means of a pcboss and will be equally distributed to the vaporizing tubes An air circulating tube or pipe 520 is preferably provided to establish comnuinication between the retort l3) and the interior of the burner base a as shown in Figure 1. This pipe has its upper end suitably secured to the cover 21 of the retort and its lower end to the cover 5 of the burner base. lly means of this pipe heated air will be supplied to the retort which functions to prevent carbonization of the fuel oil therein and to lteep the retort clean.

A means is also provided whereby the burner, when installed, may readily and conveniently be leveled should the founda tion upon which it is mounted be uneven. Such means preferably consists in mount ing the base st in an intta'niediate member :26 which is adjustably mounted in the upper portion of an airtrunh 27 through which air is supplied to the burner. 'lhc leveling member :26 is preferably provided with an inwardly projecting head 28 which forms a seat for the base at when mounted therein. The lower portion of the member 26 is preferably reduced in diameter so as to provide the reduced portion it!) which is adapted to be seated within an opening 31 provided in the upper portion of the air-trunk 27. The wall of the reduced portion 25) is preferably frusto-conical in shape so that when seated in the opening 51 it will be wedged against the upper edge thereof as shown in Figure 1, thereby providing substantially an air tight connection and also allowing the burner proper, and the lifting member to be tilted with reference to the air-trunk 27. As a result of the wall of the reduced end portion 29 being inclined, as shown, it will maintain its adjusted position by frictional contact with the wall of the opening 31, thereby providing a very simple and inexpensive means for adjusting or leveling the oil burner upon installation. This is an in'iportant feature as in many installations, it is necessary to provide special foundations to support the burner in order that it may be substantially level when installed.

The air-trunk 27 is preferably mounted upon a base plate 32 of a suitable material such as cast iron. An overflow pipe 33 also preferably connected to the pan 6 and outwardly leads therefrom through the vertical wall of the leveling member 26, as shown in Figure 1n the operation of this novel oil burner, liquid fuel is supplied to the feed pipe 16 from a suitable source, not shown, and flows upwardly through the nipple 15, pipe section l-l and into the retort chamber 19 mounted at the upper end thereof. As the oil enters the retort chamber ll) it will overilow the top of the boss at and will be distributcd to the vaporizing tubes :22 throu h which it will flow downwardly into tie priming pan 18. It may then be ignited by any suitable means such as a pilot light, after which the pipe .l-land also the vaporizing tubes will become heated from the burning oil in the priming pan 18. As soon as the pipe let and the tubes become suiticicntly heated to cause the oil to vaporize, it will be mixed with the inrushing air entering through the annular opening between the outer edge of the priming pan l8 and the depending flange 11, thereby providing a highly combustible mixture which will immcdiately be ignited. As soon as the burner has been well started, the retort chai'nbec it), and also the vaporizing tubes 2:2 will become heated to a very high degree of temperature, thereby causing the fuel oil to be thoroughly vaporized before it is dischar ed from the lower ends of the vaporizing tu es into the path of the iurushing air. The hood 23 .lfunctions to provide a heating chamber for the vaporizing tubes 22 and the lower edge thereof also functions to deflect the mixture of vaporized fuel and air outwardly it against the walls of the furnace.

Air is preferably supplied to the burner through the trunk 27 which may be connected to a suitable source of supply, or if desired, a small fan may be interposed in the outer end of the trunk to provide the desired volume of air therethrough. By means of the upturned outer flange 12 of the shallow pan ti and also as a result of the depending flange ll of the cover 5, the air will follow a tortuous path as indicated by the arrows. Through the annular opening around the priming pan 18, the air will be upwardly directed towards the hoodQS thereby becoming heated and thoroughly mixed with the vaporized fuel after which it is blown outwardly through the gap between the lower edge of the hood 23 and the cover 5 against the walls of the furnace. In case of ignition failure in starting the burner, the liquid fuel will be discharged into the prin'iing pan 18 and will overflow the edge thereof and be discharged into the relatively larger pan (3, positioned therebencath. From this pan, the overflow oil will flow through the pipe 33 to an automatic shut-oil means whereby the supply of fuel to the feed pipe 16 will automatically be cut oil. The mechanism provided for thus automatically cutting off the fuel supply in case of ignition failure is standard andwell known to those familiar with the art, and therefore need not be shown in the drawings.

I claim as my invention:

1. A liquid fuel burner, comprising a base having a priming pan and an air intake opening in the plane of and circumscribing the pan, a retort supported above said base and having a liquid fuel feed pipe, and flues depending from said retort to a point near said base and over said pan and adapted to deliver the vaporized fuel directly thereupon to mingle with the air from said circumscribing intake opening, and means for defleeting the burner flame outwardly from said base.

2. A liquid fuel burner, comprising a base having a priming pan and an air intake opening circumscribing the pan, a retort supported above said base and having a liquid fuel feed, a flue for the vaporized fuel depending from said retort overhanging the pan to deliver the vapor to mingle with the air from said intake and a hood encircling said flue and cooperating with said base to form a mixing chamber and adapted to deflect the flame outwardly from said base.

3. A liquid fuel burner, comprising a base, having a priming pan and an air intake opening surrounding the pan, a liquid fuel feed pipe projecting upwardly from said base, a retort mounted on said feed pipe and having a depending flue overhanging the pan, a hood encircling said flue for deflects ing the burner flame outwardly, said feed pipe becoming heated by the flame of said priming pan for the initial vaporization of the fuel and said flue discharging the vaporized fuel at a point adjacent said air intake opening to mingle with the air there from.

t. A liquid fuel burner, comprising a base having a central priming pan and an air intake openingbordering and surrounding the pan at the level thereof, a retort supported above said base and having a liquid fuel feed, a flue depending from said retort and adapted to deliver the vapor at a point over the pan to mingle with the air from said intake opening, and means for delivering air to said retort to mingle with the fuel therein.

5. A liquid fuel burner comprising a base having a central priming pan, and an air intake opening bordering and surrounding the pan, a retort supported above said base and having a liquid fuel feed pipe leading thereto, a flue depending from said retort and adapted to deliver the vapor to mingle with the air from said intake opening,a hood enclosing the flue, overhanging and extending beyond the air intake opening for deflecting the burner flame outwardly on said base to a point beyond said air intake, and means for delivering air to said retort, said means comprising a pipe communicating with the intake opening of said base and leading therefrom to the upper portion of said retort.

6. A liquid fuel burner, comprising a base, having a priming pan and an air intake opening, a liquid fuel feed pipe projecting upwardly from said base, a retort mounted on said feed pipe, a series of fines depending from said retort around said feed pipe and terminating near said priming pan and said intake opening, a hood supported by said retort and encircling said fiues and feed pipe, and depending to a point near said base and above and on the outer side of said air intake opening and cooperating therewith to form a mixing chamber.

7. A liquid fuel burner, comprising a base, having a centrally arranged priming pan and tortuous air intake openings grouped around said burner, a liquid fuel feed pipe projecting upwardly through said base and pan, a retort supported on said feed pipe, lines dependim from said retort to a point near said pan and intake opening, said feed pipe becoming heated upon the ignition of the fuel in said priming pan for the initial vaporization of the fuel, and a flaring hood depending around said flues and cooperating with said base to form a mixing chamber and deflector for the burner flame.

8. A liquid fuel burner, comprising a base, having a central priming pan and air intake opening bordering and surrounding the pan, a liquid fuel feed pipe mounted on said base, a retort supported by said feed pipe, flues depending from said retort to deliver the vapor therefrom adjacent to and inwardly from said intake opening and upon the pan.

9. A liquid fuel burner comprising a base having openings for receiving air through its bottom, a central priming pan above the base, a feed pipe extending upwardly through base and pan and aremovable cover for said base having a central opening therein circnmscribing and spaced from the pan forming therewith an annular air intake opening, said cover forming with the base an.

air channel communicating with said annular intake opening, a retort upon said feed pipe and fines depending from sald retort overlying and spaced upwardly from said 10. A liquid fuel burner, comprising a base having a priming pan thereon and air intake openings around said'pan, a liquid fuel feed pipe projectin upwardly through said pan and extending to a point a considerable distance above said base, a retort mounted on said feed pipe and whereto the liquid fuel is delivered, a series of flues depending from the lower portion of said retort and grouped around said feed pipe and adjacent thereto, and having their lower ends near said pan and said air intake openings, and a deflecting hood carried by said retort and flaring downwardly therefrom and encircling said fines and feed pipe and cooperating with said base to form :1 mixing chamber and deflector for directing the flames outwardly from said base.

11. A. liquid fuel burner comprising a base having a central priming pan and on air intake opening bordering and surrounding the pan, :1 fuel feed pipe, a retort upon 10 the pipe above the pan and fines depending from the retort for deih ering vapor or surplus oii upon the priming pan adjacent said air intake openin In witness whereof, I have hereunto set 15 my hand this 13th day of 1)(?C6ll'lb0l, .1924.

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