US1616787A - Manufacture of artificial textile products - Google Patents

Description

\ filaments or threads i lose lustre of boiling or very hot water; I In a previous British specification N o.

. Usually, as is known,

travel from the invention aims to produce such- Patented 1 b. 851927.

HENRY DREYFUS, or LONDON, Elven-Ann.

MANUFACTURE or. ARTIFICIAL TEXTILE I PRODUCTS.)

No Drawing. Application filed February 5, 1925, Serial N9. 7 ,155, and in Great Britain March 29, 1924.

This invention relatesto the manufacture of artificial filaments and threads from solutions of cellulose acetate or other cellulose esters of organic acids, by the evaporative method, that is to say wherein such solutions are spun as filaments, into the air and the filaments solidify by evaporation of solvent carried by them. the solidified filaments are associated together as threads in their spinning jets or nozzles.

The threads or filaments of rounder or more 11111- form section than hitherto usual and not liable to lose their lustre or turn woolly under the action of very hot or boiling water or less liable to do so than are the filaments or threads usually produced by the evaporative method.

According to the customary method the solutions employed for evaporative spinning of cellulose derivatives such as referredto [are made with volatile solvents such for example as acetone, alone or associated with higher boiling solvents. Such solutlons, by reason of the boiling points of the solvents used and of the rapidity with which the spun,- have' to be extruded into a current of eated air. It has been found that filaments so roduced may tend to vary considerably from roundness of section and to or turn woolly under the action 209,125, corresponding to U. S. application 641,7 60, filed May 26, 1923, I have proposed relatively low temperature may temperatures,

to employ for evaporative spinning, solutions of cellulose acetate or other cellulose derivatives such as referred to, in or containing organic solvents of ,very low boiling points, such asacetaldehyde or formaldehyde .or their mixtures, with a view. to effecting the evaporative spinning at lower and to attaining a more regular evaporation from the solidifying filaments. It was further stated in my said solvents may be employed together with other solvents or liquidshaving higher boiling points and that in this way, while --a be employed more uniform evaporafor the evaporation,

tion and formation of the filaments can take place,so that they may be drawn out to a more regular form. I

0r cellulose ethers,

composed thereof are.

Now according to the present invention I employ for evaporative spinning, solutions of the cellulose acetate orother cellulose derivatives mixture consisting of or comprising a volatilesolvent of solvents thereof, and a nonsolvent liquid or liquids of higher boiling point than said solvent or solvents, the nonsolvent liquid or liquids being in such proportions relatively to the solvent or solvents formation of the filaments the non-solvent or non-solvents come into play to exert a precipitating or incipient precipitating action on the cellulosefierivative or derivatIves of the filaments, so that in fact one imitates or reproduces ,in the evaporatively spun filaments the effect of a precipitating bath, in the course or progress of their evaporative formation.

By this meansthe solidification of the filaments can take place more homogeneously, evenly and slowly throughout their section, giving filaments of rounder or more are less subject.

regular section and which such as referred to in a.

that as the evaporation takes place in the.

to lose lustre or turn woolly when subjected to the action of hot or boiling water.

ore particularly, Iv may employ solvents of very low boiling point, which in associa tion in suflicient proportion with volatile non-solvents will allow of producing the artificial filaments or the like at relatively low temperature or at about ordinary room temperature. I, p

In particular I may employ as solvents very low boiling liquids such as acetaldehyde or formaldehyde or, mixtures thereof, and as non-solvents liquids such as alcohol, benzol and so forth, or, though with less advantage, water or mixtures. thereof with such non-solvent, liquids. f

For spinning solutions of cellulose acetate, for which the invention is more espe- 100 i fill or pre'cipitantsvolatile C cially intended, I- may employ in particular mixtures of or containing a very low boiling solvent suchas acetaldehyde or/and for-- maldehyde and a volatile non-solven'tsuch as alcohol. 4

It will be understood that as the solvent evaporates in the travel of the 'filaments from the jets or spinnerets through the air or evaporative atmosphere, comes progressively into'play as a precipitant, and tends to prevent superficial skinning and collapse of the filaments; morethe non-solvent over, the presence of the higher boiling nonsolvent in the mixture tends to prevent the low boiling. solvent from flashing off or evaporating too quickly.

While the invention aims more particularly to effect the evaporative spinning at about, ordinary temperature by employment tion of non-solvent of acetaldehyde and acetone,

of mixtures containing very low boiling solvents, and higher boiling non-solvents as referred to, I do not confine myself to this, as I may use solvents requiring higher temperatures, or mixtures of very low boiling solvents and higher boiling solvents together with the non-solvent or non-solvents. For

example, I may employ acetone, or mixtures in association with alcohol or like volatile non-solvents for the evaporative spinning of cellulose acetate filaments or the like.

- It is, of course, understood that mixtures of the cellulose derivatives may be employed in the spinning solutions.

In carrying out the invention, the solvents'and non-solvents may be employed in any suitable relative proportion to give the effect hereinbefore referred to, that is to saythe development of a precipitating or incipient precipitating action on the cellu- "required, and conversely the lower'the viscosity 'of the cellulose derivative or' derivatives in a mlxture of given concentratlon,

the greater the proportion of non-solvent to solvent that may be required.

.What I claim and lesire to secure by I Letters Patent is 1. A process, for the production of artificial threads or filaments which consistsin spinning 'mto an evaporative atmosphere a,

solution containing an organic derivative of cellulose in solution in a solvent liquid comprising a low boiling point solvent and a volatile non-solvent liquid having a higher boilin point than said solvent;

v 2. K process for the production of artificial threads or filaments which consists in spinning into an evaporative atmosphere a volatile non-solvent organic liquid having a solution containing an organic derivative of cellulose in solution in a solvent l1qu1d comprising a low boiling point solvent and a higher boiling point than said solvent.

3. A process for the production of artificial threads or filaments which consists in spinning into an evaporative atmosphere a solution containing an organic derivative of cellulose in solution in a solvent liquid comprising; a low boiling point solvent and a volatile non-solvent organic liquid havvent, and water. 1

4. A process for the production of artificial threads or solution containing an organic derivative of cellulose in solution in a solvent liquid comprising a solvent having a boiling )oint below 40 'C. and a volatile non-so vent liquid having a'higher boiling point.

5. A process for the production of artificialthreads or filaments which consists in spinning into an evaporative atmosphere a solution containing an organic derivative of cellulosesin solution in a solvent liquid comprising a solvent having a boiling point below 40 organic liquid having a higher boiling point;

6. A process for the production of artificial threads or filaments which consists 'in' spinning into an evaporative atmosphere a solutioncontaining an organic derivative of cellulose in solution in a solvent liquid comprising a solvent having a boiling point C. and a volatile non-solvent below 40. organic liquid having a higher boilingpoint, and Water.

- 7. A process for the production of artificial threads or filaments which consists in filaments which consists in spinning mto an evaporative atmosphere :1

mg a higher boiling point than said 501-" C; and a volatile non-solvent spinning into an evaporative atmosphere at solution containing an organic derivative of cellulose 1n solutlon in a solvent liquid comprising a low boiling point solvent and a volatile non-solvent organic liquid having a higher boiling point, the non-solvent liquid belng in such proportion relatively to the solvent liquid that it exerts at least an incipient precipitating action on the cellulose derivative of the filaments during theircvaporative formation.

8. A process ficial threads or filaments which consists in spinning into an evaporative atmosphere a solution containing an organic derivative of cellulose in solution in a solvent liquidfc'omprising a solvent having a boiling point below. 40 C. and a volatile non-solvent organic liquid having a higher boiling point, the non-solvent liquid being. in such proportion relatively to the solvent liquid that it exerts at least an incipient precipitating action on the cellulose derivative of the filaments during their evaporative formation.

9. A process for the production of artificial threads or filaments which consists in spinning into an evaporative atmosphere a solution containing an organic derivative of cellulose in solution in a solvent liquid comfor the production of artii prising acetaldehyde and a volatile non-solspinning into an evaporative atmosphere a solution containing an organic derivative of cellulose in solution in a solvent liquid comprising acetaldehyde and a volatile non-solvent organic liquid having a higher boiling point, the non-solvent liquid being in such proportion relatively to the acetaldehyde that it exerts at least an incipient precipitating action on the cellulose derivatix eof the filaments during their evaporative formation. a 11. A process for the production of artificial threads or filaments which consists in spinning intovan evaporative atmosphere a solution containing an organic derivative of.

cellulosein solution in a solvent liquid comprising acetaldehyde and alcohol.

12. A process for the production of artificial threads or filaments which consists in spinning into an evaporative atmosphere a solution containing an organic derivative of cellulose in solution in a solvent liquid comprising acetaldehyde and alcohol, the alcohol being in such proportion relatively to the acetaldehyde that it exerts at least an. in-

cipient precipitating action on the cellulose derivative of the filaments during their evaporative formation.

. 13. A process for the production of artificial threads or filaments which consists in spinning into an evaporative atmosphere a solution containing cellulose acetate in solution in a solvent liquid comprising acetaldehyde and a volatile non-solvent organic liquid having a higher boiling point. p

14. A process for the production of artificial threads or filaments which consists in spinning into .an evaporative atmosphere a solution containing cellulose acetate in solution in a solvent liquid comprising acetaldehyde and a volatile non-solvent organic liquid having a higher boiling' point, the non-solvent liquid being in such proportion relatively to the acetaldehyde that it exerts at least an incipient precipitating action on the cellulose acetate of the filaments during their evaporative formation.

15. A process for the production of artificial threads or filamentswhich consists in spinning into an evaporative atmosphere a solution containing cellulose acetate in solution in a solvent liquid comprising acetaldehyde and alcohol.

16. A process for the production of artificial threads or filament-s which consists in spinning into an evaporative atmosphere a solution containing cellulose acetate in solution 'in a solvent liquid comprising acetaldehyde and alcohol, the alcohol being in such proportion relatively to the acetaldehyde that it exerts at least an incipient precipitating action on the cellulose acetate of the filaments during their evaporative formation.

In testimonv whereof I have hereunto subscribed my name.

HENRY DREYFUS.