US1609597A - Method of connecting parts - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 7 1926.

H. P.: ARNT METHOD OF ONNECTING PARTS Filed Jan.

5a x/i.

Patented Dec, v 1926. j

UNi'rED s'rATEs HERALD P. anun, orLAxEwooD, omo, .AssIGNoR or ONE-FOURTH `:ro cUR'r is.v

. MULLER, 0F CLEVELAND, oHIo.

IETHOD OF CONNECTING PARTS.

plantation-med January 12, 1924. serial No. 685,229.

My invention pertains to a method of connecting parts and more'particularly to the art of attaching apair of metal members by causing one to project through an openingin the other so asto permit of an infinitesimal pivotal action while supplying of the vwheel or to some particular spoke adequate reinforcement, One part may-be called the perforated. member and the other part the intersectingy member. More specifically, the sevial features to be optionally combined are 1. The Vfashi'oning of i anjfedge portion which defines the opening in'th'desirably secting member which isto havefa comple-4 thin perforated member as a curved surface :which merges with one side of theperforated `member to,facilitate achievement of a pre cisc fit with. a filleted' portion oftlie interh mentarily designed surface defined-by a y ing member.

curve `disclosed by alongitudinal section of the intersecting member. -2. The tubular formation of the intersect- 3. The provisionaround the opening in the perforated member' of a reinforcing flange.

4. The expansion of the inserted end of' the intersecting-member.

' 5;' The spinning-over'of the extremity of thel intersecting. vmember against or even varound the flange so that, as the extremity becomes progressively expanded, the intersecting member will be drawn lengthwise in a direction through the opening until the fillet becomes seated with circumferenti'al uniformity andas aluniv'ersally rockable fit against the curved surface. G. The projection of the hole-bordering fiange from the side of said perforated member opposite to that siderof it with whichsaid curved surface merges.

The Idrawings exemplify the adoption of the principles of my invention for the manufacture of a spoke and felloeconnection.

This application is a continuationv in part of my copending applications. Serial No.'

contact between the spoke and felloe they cannot b'e adequately-iesisted and successover and curled.

fully withstood. lVhen a wheel rotates under load the points of connection between the spokes and felloe become subjected to Very severe stresses of a compound charac,- ter, often comprising sway in changing directions at, angles to any particular radius axis. `That is asort of pivotal action. Moreover, the rims of wheels are frequently violently'- shoved laterally away from the eirculairplaneof the" wheel.' Such action coras the cantilever test. n

I solved aproblem vby producing a very slightly-yielding -vhollow. spoke and felloe connection vso -nicely fitted with circumfer.-

-ent'ial uniformity as succesfully to combine a5' respondsto what is known in the laboratory'- sufficient strength with a minimum of Weight; of fit or equalization of strength around' each spoke and felloe connection a spinning Aoperationiis employed in a new Way.. It was.

important to have realized that a uniformity of contact or fit over a curvedvfille'ted-` surface wasv essential to produce reliable re- ,sults` and toperceive the'method by which In order to "best effect a uniformity such. a uniformity 'of `fit .might be' obtained;

Thel spinning operation for. expanding over the extremity` ofa; hollow spoke so that,v

when the navel end of lthe' spoke is properly supported, the vspoke .is necessarily drawn outwardly through the fel-loe hole and so thatthe. outer fillet surface oftheend of the spokeisdrawn so uniformlyjagainst a 'curved surface defining the inner end of a felloe opening through whichvit projects as to make it absolutely conform thereto is a feature which stands forth as one outstanding improvement peeniiig can reliably insure soA perfect a conformity ofv fit. Another feature'of -my vinvvention yis the provision of al reenforcing 'flangearound thefelloe opening and ref-v erably an outwardly projecting ange against which the outer spoke end may-be expanded or over the extremity of which' the outer end of the spoke is to be spun Neither upsetting norv A comparatively large area'of Contact between surfaces defined by parallel Section lines which recede from the spoke axis as 'provided-by my invention inherentliY affords a desirable infinitesimal vflexibility when the wheel rotates in use, to

i 65, outer spoke ends 7 duced outer ends of -the spokes'should, in v order to obtain the preferred product, bev -long enough-to project some distance o11t.

wardly beyond the outer rim of the holes or edges of the felloe fianges 11. y

The felloe and spokes Abeing assembled andwith the nave end of. the spokes held in positionv inA any, suitable manner, but with the spoke-and ,.felloe connections not yet in-` .nular groove 35m which are seated a pair terlocked, the wheel -is slipped 'on to the shaft 2 until one end of its hub 4 abuts the .shoulder 3. Each outer spoke 'end maybe separately spun over around the'outer edge" of a felloe flange 111, but during suchv Operation the vparticular -spokeoperated upon should be .firmly held in proper position.

.' For this purpose, the standard 1 has project- A' ing-from it 'some distance above the shaft2 a: pair of hollow .brackets 12 in which are :slid-'ably mounted for up' and down moveinent a pair of wedges 13 Which are fashioned; with opposed beveled surfaces 14 adapte'd,.` when vmoved upwardly, to engage complementaril"beveledfsurfaces 15. on'a .pair'of spoke-c amping- 'aws 16. Attention 1s directed to Figure 'I I where' itwill be y eld f apart by theactiofn 'of' a spring 20, Rods 21 are adjustably' connected at' 22 1onejwith each of the lower ends of the wedges 1:3 and the lower Aends offthefrods'21 articulate` at 23' with onen-.d of 'niem- 24 which. isps-@ted `be a part' of the standard 1. The other end at 25'to'an upstandingarm 26 -which may of the lever -24 is' .fashioned as a` pedal 27 which when depressed by'v the f foot 4of the `operator moves the rods 21 andhen`ce` the wedges13Uupwardly to constr1ct the jaws` 16 against opposite sides of a spoke and-'in opposition to-the action of the; spring 20.

`The adjustment ,afforded at v2v2 permits of reliably centering the. action of the4 -wedges 13s() that -the clamping'action .of the jaws' 16 maybe uniform whereby to establish the axis y ofthe .particular mined position.

rotatably ,andl slidably mounted 'a vhollow "spindle 2 9`to'be driven in .anyV Adesiredm'an-l ner,l not shown. `Movably'mounted "in "the ning tool 31 which projects beyond .the lower Aend of the spindle 29. The formation of the spinning-tool' 31 is more clearly shown fon sheet 2 to comprise a central .projection 32 which may ,be fitted tort-he- -interior of the :andan annular groove vnotch 41 in :i bracket" Llf2-which may `veniently Vdepend'from the-bearing 28. As

vwhichthe-tool 31 is concentric with the spinfdle 29 and inidently so that the axes of the 'spindle29, tool 31 andthe particular spoke :to be operated upon all coincide; by means -oa-spring whichl acts to move the slide30 spoke in ay predeterf ally againstv .the-. action of the spring- 45 `whereby to impart 'anV zeccentric --mo-vement lto the'l tool 31, An-initial stage ofvsucha lateral' tool displacement or. tool eccenricity is shown in Figures II and'V.

. 11e-.standard 1 -iiso ppm-'ideen nsuppe'r end w-ith a. ,bearing- 28 in 1' wh-ifclrisv adjacent the projection l32 whereby an of `d-iametrically opposite blocks 36 -'c onl vne'cted by means of pins 37 with a lever 38 having its one end pivoted to the standard 1 at 39. The purpose of the lever- 38 is to slide the spindle 2,9 downwardly against thel action of a returrispring 40 and it may be held in an' intermediary position by shoving it.laterally so that'it iscaused to-occupy a conN will 'be understood,the connection of the .imei-'38 with the spindle 29 will permit reciprocation of the latter while it rotating. y The'slide 30is provided interiorlyof the spindle A29 with .an upward projection 43 presenting on the side which is opposed to the center of the spindle a sloping surfacje 44 as maybe clearly seen in Figure II. .The slide 30 is normally held in a position in against an adjustable stop 46. Also mount- .100

"ed within the spindle 29 for coaxial reciprocation relatively thereto is a cone 47 provided with an upwardly Aextending shank 48.

A- `pin -49 passes through the lshank 48 through a slot 50 in4 the spindle 29 and 105 through a 'roove'd collar- 51 which loosely surrounds the spindle 29 so' that movement to-be imparted to. the collar will simultaneously cause the movement o f the coney 47. A

lever 52 is, like the leverv38, pivotally con- 110 nected'with the standard land with the collar; 'and is to be actuated 'downwardly against theaction of a spring 53 to cause #the 'cone 47 to engage'the sloping surface of the upward lprojection4'3`and move it later; 115

. My Am-etl'iod is practiced Aaccording to the following description:

' After the preliminary formation of the outer spoke' ends and flanged felloe holesand the'insertionof the spokehends through the 125 x holes, the nave ends of the s okes are secured in any desiredl manner to a nib and then the partly assembled wheel is mounted on the shaft 2 and one of the/spokes brought .to an uprightposit'ron and' firmly held in a posi- 130 les lion 'where its own axis coincides with the axes of the spindle 29 and oi the tool 3l when in its normal coneentri: position.

lll

This is accomplished hy a depression bt the foot pedal 27. lhlhile the particular spoke, which is to have its outer end spun over, is clamped so as lo hold it in proper position, the upper lever 38 is moved downwardly partway and held in the notch 4l in which rifle position the spindle 29 will have moved down just enough to introduce the central projection 82 of the tool into the outer spoke end 7 and so that the lower surface of the projection 3:2 is elevated with respectto the edge of the elloe ilnnge l1 a dista-nce approximately corresponding with the thick-` ness ont the outer spoke endfmaterial and asis revealed bj1-the position of the tool`3l in `ldigure V. The same figure shows tlie-com menceinent of ,the spinning-over operation. The lever 3S hai/'ine' been locked in the notch 415 and while the root pedal 27 is still being .held down, the operator commences gradu ally to pull dow'n on the lever 52to` progressively move the slide 30 and hence the tool 533i to an eccentric position which will thereenough aside or to the position in vwhich itis shown in Figure Vl untilthe outer spoke end has been spun as a Q5 extending across the edge ot the felloe iange 11. rlhen the lever 52 is released and when the co'ne el? is lifted in response to the action oit' the Gil spring 53, the spring 45 is permitted to 'enerd eise its function ofreiurning the slide 30 to a position inwhichit engages the stop 46 and so that the tool 3l is again brought to its concentric position as shown in Figure VH. Finally, the lever 38 is Withdrawn from the notch 4:1 and a continuation ott 'its downward movement accomplished whereby to draw down the spindle 29 and hence the spinning tool 3i to the position in which it i is shown in Figure VIH whereby the Hangs is hent down and spun around the edge ot' the 'elloe ange l1 so as entirely to enclose it and so as to assume the shape desighated as 56 in Figure VIH. Thereafter, theY Vlever 3S is released and likewise the pressure upon the pedal 37, the springs 40 and 20 successively restoring the parts to their original position, which is` to say, lifting the tool 3i to the position in which itis shown in Figure lV and ellecting a separating movement he in turn spun over against the spun over i spoke end at 64:.

Figure X-shows a elloe 65 fashioned with an inwardly projecting hole-defining l ilange 66 havinv likewise a curved interior surface 57 to willich the surface of a fillet 68, of a spoke 69 conforms when spun over at 70 according to my method. Here also, a thimble 7l may loe optionally inserted and have its open end 72 in turn spun over the spun over spoke end. j

Figure Xl discloses. a elloe 73 provided with an opening not reenforced by any kind of a ange though defined hy a curved surface 74 against Vwhich a complementarily curved surface 75 of a protuberance or bead 76 on a spoke 77 may he precisely seated when the outer end 7 8 or the spoke is spun over against the outer side of the elloe by reason of the spinning action having acted to draw the llet surface 7 5 snugly against the surface 74.

Figure nu discloses if 'renee 7e provided with an opening defined hy an outwardly projecting Haring or `funnel shaped flange 80. A spoke 8l faslnoned with a fillet 82 has its outer end 83 uniformly 'spun againstv the dange 80 so as to eiect the precision o tit which the spinning operation insures.

1. The method of securing a progressively smaller outer end portion of va hollow metal member in an opening of another member.v which comprises, passing one endof vsaid hollow member through said opening so as to cause it to project beyond the rim of said opening and then spinning the projecting eX- trexnity or said hollow member across the rim of said opening to progressively draw said outer end to arwedge fit in said opening. and topress .said extremity against the area bordering said opening thereby interlocking the parts for infinitesimal universal pivotal'` motion. y l Y 2. The method of securing a lleted outer end of a tubular metal spoke in an outwardly flanged opening o a elloe, which comprises, passing the outer end of the spoke into the langedopening in the felloe and then ex- -pending the outer lspoke end into contact with said llange.-

3. The method of securing the open outerend of a hollow spoke, formed near said' end l with a tapered fillet, in a flanged opening ot a felloe; which comprises, passing the outer end of said spoke'through the elloe o ening so as to\cause it to,project beyond tleouter rim thereof and then spinning the projecting endlot said spoke to eXpand it laterally across the rim ofsaid opening to progressively draw said fillet'to in the felloe opening. 4 i

LIL. '1` he method of securing' the outer ends oi a taper tilleted hollow metal spoke in a widely tlaredopening of a felloe, which com prises, passing the spoke through .the opening in the felloe until its fillet abuts the area defining said opening, and then expanding the metal of thespoke against the ed e of the opening, also against the side o the felloe opp'osteto the one which the filletv in'an outwardly flanged round felloe open? ing -ot' progressively `increasmgsize toward its inner end until its defining surface merges withthe concave side ofthe felloe and conforms to saidgfillet surface; which comprises, -passing the" buter*end..of sai d,,

spoke /tlrough the felloe'hole soas to causev its etremity to project beyond the edge of ings each .defined b whileholding one of the parts fixed to bring Y 4the defining flange thereof-and then causing the extremity of said spoke at a point beyond said fillet to be spun around -saidflange by eecting a relative rotational movement between sai'd spoke and felloe to progressively draw said fillet toa snug fit.

(i. The method. of securing the -reduced outer end of a hollow metal spoke in'an outlwardly flanged opening of'a felloe; which' comprises, inserting the reduced end of the' spoke through the flanged opening and then spinning the metal at the outer end of the Aspoke about the ed e, of the flangeto draw the shoulder formed by the reduced portion tightly againstthe felloe.

The method ofinaking a wheel, which consists, in providing tubular metal" spokes each ywith a tapered fillet .and an annular felloe with circumferentially arran d opena flared .sur ace conforming to the sur aces of said fillets and merging with the concave side ,of the felloe,

inserting the outer ends Aofthe'fspokes vthrough 'said openings respectivelyUuntil their fillets seat a ainst "the hole-defining surfaces, firmly hol ing the nave ends ofthe spokes in equispaced radial position, expanding the inserted .ends of said` spokes said fillets and surfaces in wedge fit engageyment and then securing the nave ends of the `spokes to a hub. A

-of a tubular spoke, provided near its outer end 'of a taper-shouldered hollow metal v8. The method of securing the outerv end 55 i of a taper-shouldered hollow metal spoke in the round opening of a felloe; which comprises, passing the spoke through the opening inthe ffelloer until its shoulder abuts the edge of the'opening on one side of the felloe, 70

ithrough'said opening, and then expanding 85 the outer extremity of said spoke against said flange so as simultaneously to drawsaid fillet with'. circui'nferential uniformity At0 af wedge fit against said flared surface.

10.` The method of securing theouter-eud 00 of a tubular spoke, lprovided near its, outer end with an annular fillet Surface additionallydefinedby concentric 'curvesflyin'g inlongitudinal planes of the spoke, in a radially extending lround openingin an annular 05 felloe which opening has ali inwardly flared.' annular. edge surface; which comprises projecting said outer spoke end, into said opening and then causing the outer extremity of said. spoke to be spun-enlarged against the outer side of ,said felloefwhereby to draw said fillet surface against said flared surface. with circumferential uniformity.

11. The methodfof securing the outer end end with a shoulder defined by a tilleted surface surrounding the axis of the spoke, in a radially extending outwardly flanged opening in an annular `felloe; which comprises in` serting said outer spoke endV into said felloe opening and then modifying theinserted end of said spoke whereby to interlock `the parts. 1

12,. The method of securing the open outer spoke in the substantially round flange-defined opening of a felloe; which comprises, passing the spoke through the opening in the "felloe until its shoulder seats fagainst .the edge of the opening at the inside ofthe felloe, and then spreading the metal of the open o uter'end of the spoke against the extremity of. the flange whereby to interlock .Il the connection.

Signed by 1924.

me, this 2nd day of January,

' HERALD P. ARNT.

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