US1607780A - Heat insulator and method of making the same - Google Patents

Heat insulator and method of making the same Download PDF

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Publication number
US1607780A
US1607780A US651001A US65100123A US1607780A US 1607780 A US1607780 A US 1607780A US 651001 A US651001 A US 651001A US 65100123 A US65100123 A US 65100123A US 1607780 A US1607780 A US 1607780A
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Prior art keywords
sheets
chambers
heat insulator
fabric
adhesive
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US651001A
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Cassius C Palmer
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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
    • E04B1/74—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls
    • E04B1/76—Heat, sound or noise insulation, absorption, or reflection; Other building methods affording favourable thermal or acoustical conditions, e.g. accumulating of heat within walls specifically with respect to heat only
    • E04B1/78—Heat insulating elements
    • E04B1/80—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped
    • E04B1/803—Heat insulating elements slab-shaped with vacuum spaces included in the slab
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
    • Y02A30/24—Structural elements or technologies for improving thermal insulation
    • Y02A30/242—Slab shaped vacuum insulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B80/00—Architectural or constructional elements improving the thermal performance of buildings
    • Y02B80/10—Insulation, e.g. vacuum or aerogel insulation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10S428/92—Fire or heat protection feature
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
    • Y10T428/24—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.]
    • Y10T428/24479—Structurally defined web or sheet [e.g., overall dimension, etc.] including variation in thickness
    • Y10T428/24562—Interlaminar spaces

Definitions

  • My present invention relates to heat insulators, particularly of the type which have suflicient stiffness to enable structures, such as iceboxes and the like, to be built up of such material.
  • Fig. 1 is a ⁇ front elevation of a portion of a sheet of my novel heat insulator in a form which I have adopted for the purpose of illustration only
  • Fig. 2 is a section of Fig. 1 on the line 22.
  • the insulator is made up of a pair of sheets 10 and 11 having their adjacent faces preferably provided with a plurality of recesses or pockets 12, 13. these pockets preferably being arranged sov that the walls thereof match in the two sheets.
  • I preferably provide a sheet of fabric 14 which may be of muslin, cheesecloth or the like, this sheet of fabric being coated or soaked in glue or other adhesive and serving to bindthe reticulated surfaces of sheets 10 and 11 together.
  • thesheets 10 and 11 are formed of a hard-pressed wood fibre, so that it has considerable strength and is as rigid as wood itself.
  • the sheets 10 and 11 are of considerable thickness.
  • each sheet may be one-half inch thick with the pockets 12 or 13 therein approximately one-quarter inch deep.
  • the pockets 11 and 12 maybe of any convenientarea, but preferably I make them of relatively small size so as to give a reasonable number of opposing ribs 15, 16, to serve to bind'the sheets together through the layer of fabric 14.
  • I exhaust the air, partially at least, from the pockets 12 and 13, and in order to insure the maintenance of this partial vacuum thus formed, I preferably close any possible pores in the insulating material of the sheets 10 and 11 as by soaking such is taken from-the bath.
  • One way in which the pockets may have the air removed therefrol'n is to assemble the sheets 10 and 11 with the fabric between them in a chamber from which the air can be exhausted and in which the. parts are held beneath a press. Before the parts are pressed together, however, the air in the chamber is exhausted and when the desired vacuum has been reached, the press is operated to bring the sheets 10 and 11 tightly against the fabric 14 to seal the inner edges of the several pockets 12 and 13. After the sheets have been pressed together, the finished sheet is then submerged into a bath of white lead and linseed oil while the sheet is still in'the vacuum chamber.
  • the finished sheet may now be given a coat of paint in order to further insure the closing of the pores.
  • the insulator which I have described may be formed into relatively large sheets and will have suflicient strength so that boxes may be built directly therefrom, to be used as iceboxes or the like or may be used to line refrigerators or other spaces which are to be insulated from heat.
  • a heat insulator composed of a plurality of superimposed, substantially rigid sheets of fibrous material, having oppos ng surfaces formed with a plurality of recesses separated by relatively narrow walls, oppo- ,site recesses being in substantial register with one another so as to form chambers, the parts being held together by an adhesive and said chambers being segregated from each other on all sides bythe chamber walls.
  • a heat insulator composed of a plurality of superimposed, substantially rigid sheets of fibrous material, with a fabric between adjacent sheets, said sheets'having op- IUD - posing surfaces formed with a plurality of recesses forming chambers with the walls between the chambers relatively narrow,
  • adhesive and said chambers being segregated from each other on all sides by the chamber walls.
  • a heat insulator composed of a plurality of superimposed, substantially rigid sheets of fibrous material, with a fabric between adjacent sheets, said sheets having opposing surfaces formed with a plurality of recesses forming chambers with the walls between the chambers relatively narrow, the parts being held together by an adhesive, said insulator having an exterior coating of non-porous waterproof material and said chambers being segregated from each other on all sides by the chamber walls.
  • a heat insulator composed of a plurality of superimposed, substantially rigid sheets of fibrous material, held together by means of an adhesive, and-having chambers formed between adjacent. sheets,-said chambers being separated by relatively narrow walls and said chambers being segregated from each other on all sides by the chamber walls.
  • a heat insulator composed of a plurality of superimposed, substantially rigid sheets of hard pressed wood fibre, held together by means of an adhesive and having chambers formed between adjacent sheets, said chambers being separated by relatively narrow walls and said chambers being segregated from each other on all sides by the chamber walls.
  • a heat insulator composed of a plurality of superimposed, substantially rigid sheets of fibrous materiaL'held together by means of anadhesive, and having chambers formed between adjacent sheets, the chambers. being separated by relatively narrow walls and the air in said chambers being partially exhausted and said chambers being segregated from each other on all sides by the chamber walls.
  • a heat insulator composed of a plurality of superimposed, substantially rigid sheets of fibrous material, with a fabric between adjacent sheets said sheets having opposing surfaces formed with a plurality of recesses forming chambers, the chambers being separated by relatively narrow walls and the parts being held together by an adhesive, and the air in said chambers being partially exhausted and said chambers being segregated from each other on all'sides by the chamber walls.
  • a heat insulator composed of a plurality of superimposed, substantially rigid sheets of fibrous material, with a fabric between adjacent sheets, said sheets having opposing surfaces formed with a plurality of recesses forming chambers, the chambers being separated by relatively narrow walls and the parts being held together by an adhesive, and the air in said chambers be ing partially exhausted, said insulator having an exterior coating of non-porous waterproof material and said chambers being segregated from each other on all sides by the chamber walls.

Description

Nov. 23 1926. 1,607,780
C. C. PALMER HEAT INSULATOR AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Filed July 12, 1923 IN VEN TOR.
A TTORNEYS Patented Nov. 23, 1926.
CASSIUS C. PALMER,
or new YORK, N. Y.
HEAT INSULATOR AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME.
Application filed July 12,
My present invention relates to heat insulators, particularly of the type which have suflicient stiffness to enable structures, such as iceboxes and the like, to be built up of such material.
My invention will be best understood from the following specification and the annexed drawing, in which Fig. 1 is a {front elevation of a portion of a sheet of my novel heat insulator in a form which I have adopted for the purpose of illustration only, and Fig. 2 is a section of Fig. 1 on the line 22.
Like reference characters indicate like parts in the different views.
Referring now to the illustrative embodiment shown in the drawing, the insulator is made up of a pair of sheets 10 and 11 having their adjacent faces preferably provided with a plurality of recesses or pockets 12, 13. these pockets preferably being arranged sov that the walls thereof match in the two sheets. Between the two sheets 10 and 11, I preferably provide a sheet of fabric 14 which may be of muslin, cheesecloth or the like, this sheet of fabric being coated or soaked in glue or other adhesive and serving to bindthe reticulated surfaces of sheets 10 and 11 together.
Preferably thesheets 10 and 11 are formed of a hard-pressed wood fibre, so that it has considerable strength and is as rigid as wood itself. Preferably the sheets 10 and 11 are of considerable thickness. For instance, each sheet may be one-half inch thick with the pockets 12 or 13 therein approximately one-quarter inch deep. The pockets 11 and 12 maybe of any convenientarea, but preferably I make them of relatively small size so as to give a reasonable number of opposing ribs 15, 16, to serve to bind'the sheets together through the layer of fabric 14.
In manufacturing my heat insulator, I form the sheets 10 and 11 (which, in practice, are identical) and then soak the fabric 14 in glue and then position the parts as shown in Fig. 2. Then the insulator is subjected to the pressure of a press while the glue is drying. I
Preferably, in order to increase the heat insulation, I exhaust the air, partially at least, from the pockets 12 and 13, and in order to insure the maintenance of this partial vacuum thus formed, I preferably close any possible pores in the insulating material of the sheets 10 and 11 as by soaking such is taken from-the bath.
1923. Serial No. 651,001.
sheets in a mixture of'white lead and linseed oil or by coating the outer surface of the sheets with some non-porous material, such as enamel, paint or the like.
One way in which the pockets may have the air removed therefrol'n is to assemble the sheets 10 and 11 with the fabric between them in a chamber from which the air can be exhausted and in which the. parts are held beneath a press. Before the parts are pressed together, however, the air in the chamber is exhausted and when the desired vacuum has been reached, the press is operated to bring the sheets 10 and 11 tightly against the fabric 14 to seal the inner edges of the several pockets 12 and 13. After the sheets have been pressed together, the finished sheet is then submerged into a bath of white lead and linseed oil while the sheet is still in'the vacuum chamber. This serves to fillany possible pores in the sheets 10 and 11, so that the vacuum in the pockets 12 and 13 may be maintained after the sheet \Vhile the sheets are submerged the vacuum in the chamber may be broken, the atmospheric pressure serving to force the coating material well into the pores of the sheets.
If desired, the finished sheet may now be given a coat of paint in order to further insure the closing of the pores.
The insulator which I have described may be formed into relatively large sheets and will have suflicient strength so that boxes may be built directly therefrom, to be used as iceboxes or the like or may be used to line refrigerators or other spaces which are to be insulated from heat.
While I have described one form of my invention, it will be' understood that the embodiment thereof may be widely varied.
I claim:
1. A heat insulator composed of a plurality of superimposed, substantially rigid sheets of fibrous material, having oppos ng surfaces formed with a plurality of recesses separated by relatively narrow walls, oppo- ,site recesses being in substantial register with one another so as to form chambers, the parts being held together by an adhesive and said chambers being segregated from each other on all sides bythe chamber walls.
2. A heat insulator composed of a plurality of superimposed, substantially rigid sheets of fibrous material, with a fabric between adjacent sheets, said sheets'having op- IUD - posing surfaces formed with a plurality of recesses forming chambers with the walls between the chambers relatively narrow,
, adhesive and said chambers being segregated from each other on all sides by the chamber walls.
4. A heat insulator composed of a plurality of superimposed, substantially rigid sheets of fibrous material, with a fabric between adjacent sheets, said sheets having opposing surfaces formed with a plurality of recesses forming chambers with the walls between the chambers relatively narrow, the parts being held together by an adhesive, said insulator having an exterior coating of non-porous waterproof material and said chambers being segregated from each other on all sides by the chamber walls.
5. A heat insulator composed of a plurality of superimposed, substantially rigid sheets of fibrous material, held together by means of an adhesive, and-having chambers formed between adjacent. sheets,-said chambers being separated by relatively narrow walls and said chambers being segregated from each other on all sides by the chamber walls.
6. A heat insulator composed of a plurality of superimposed, substantially rigid sheets of hard pressed wood fibre, held together by means of an adhesive and having chambers formed between adjacent sheets, said chambers being separated by relatively narrow walls and said chambers being segregated from each other on all sides by the chamber walls.
7. A heat insulator composed of a plurality of superimposed, substantially rigid sheets of fibrous materiaL'held together by means of anadhesive, and having chambers formed between adjacent sheets, the chambers. being separated by relatively narrow walls and the air in said chambers being partially exhausted and said chambers being segregated from each other on all sides by the chamber walls.
8. A heat insulator composed of a plurality of superimposed, substantially rigid sheets of fibrous material, with a fabric between adjacent sheets said sheets having opposing surfaces formed with a plurality of recesses forming chambers, the chambers being separated by relatively narrow walls and the parts being held together by an adhesive, and the air in said chambers being partially exhausted and said chambers being segregated from each other on all'sides by the chamber walls.
9. A heat insulator composed of a plurality of superimposed, substantially rigid sheets of fibrous material, with a fabric between adjacent sheets, said sheets having opposing surfaces formed with a plurality of recesses forming chambers, the chambers being separated by relatively narrow walls and the parts being held together by an adhesive, and the air in said chambers be ing partially exhausted, said insulator having an exterior coating of non-porous waterproof material and said chambers being segregated from each other on all sides by the chamber walls.
10. The process of forming a heat insulator which consists in binding together under mechanical pressure a plurality of substantially rigid sheets of fibrous material by means of an adhesive-bearing fabric placed between adjacent sheets, the opposing surface of at least one of every two adjacent sheets being recessed, the above steps being carried out in a partial vacuum.
11. The process of forming a heat insulator which consists in binding together under mechanical pressure a plurality of substantially rigid sheets of fibrous material by means of an adhesive-bearing fabric placed between adjacent sheets, the opposing surface of at least one of every two adjacent sheets being recessed, and thereafter coating the said object so formed with a nonporous material, the above steps being carried out in a partial vacuum.
12. The process of forming a heat insulator which consists in binding together under mechanical pressure a plurality of sub stantially rigid sheets of fibrous material by means of an adhesive-bearing fabric placed between adjacent sheets, the opposing surface of at least one of every two adjacent sheets being recessed, and thereafter coating the said object so formed with a nonporous material, the above steps being carried out in a partial vacuum, and breaking the vacuum while the object is submerged, whereby said coating material better permeates the outer surface of the object.
GASSIUS C. PALMER.
US651001A 1923-07-12 1923-07-12 Heat insulator and method of making the same Expired - Lifetime US1607780A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2700632A (en) * 1949-09-09 1955-01-25 Northrop Aircraft Inc Method of making a honeycomb sandwich

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2700632A (en) * 1949-09-09 1955-01-25 Northrop Aircraft Inc Method of making a honeycomb sandwich

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