US1607630A - Heat-transmitting tube of steam generators - Google Patents

Heat-transmitting tube of steam generators Download PDF

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Publication number
US1607630A
US1607630A US599870A US59987022A US1607630A US 1607630 A US1607630 A US 1607630A US 599870 A US599870 A US 599870A US 59987022 A US59987022 A US 59987022A US 1607630 A US1607630 A US 1607630A
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tube
boiler
heat transmitting
transmitting tube
chamber
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US599870A
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Jonker Zeger Jan Hendrik
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/16—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being hot liquid or hot vapour, e.g. waste liquid, waste vapour
    • F22B1/165—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being hot liquid or hot vapour, e.g. waste liquid, waste vapour using heat pipes

Definitions

  • Fig. l is a longitudinal section of a water tube and outer tube or jllet
  • Fig. 2 is an elevation ot the water tube and outer tube or jacket;
  • Fig. 3 is a top view and Fig. 4 a longitudinal section of a water tube with flanges with circulation holes and outer tube or jacket anda water tube with flanges without outer tube or jacket;
  • F ig. 5 is a cross section on line 5 5 in Fig. 1;
  • Fig. 6 is a top view and l Fig. 7 a longitudinal section of a water tube with ribs.
  • Fig. 8 is a front view of the longitudinal slot at the juncture of the lower end of the return tube and the heat transmitting tube.
  • the improved water tube ior boilers and the like comprises an inner tube and an outer tube or jacket.
  • the inner tube is screwed or otherwise secured in the boiler l., the joint being hermetically sealed.
  • the lower part 3 of the tube projects into the fire space or furnace l, whilst the upper part 2 ot the tube extends into the interior 5 of the boiler.
  • the part 2 of the tube is, at its upper end, provided with a downwardly extending branch or extension 6 which communicates at its lower end with the lower end of the part 2.
  • the port 7 through which the tube 6 communicates at its lower end with the tube 2 is in the form of a horizontal elongated slot in order to prevent the rising of the boiling water in tube 6.
  • each jacket tube section 8, ⁇ 9 and l() is provided near its lower end with one or more openings ll, and its upper end with one or more openings l2, the water or steam entering the section through the lower opening or openings ll and escaping through the top opening er openings l2.
  • the uppermost outer tube section l0 is entirely open at theA top and is moreover somewhat widened at the top to facilitate the escape of the steam into the steam space of the boiler.
  • the outer tube sections are held in alignment by means olY centering projections l5 so that the tube sections are held coaxially with the inner tube.
  • tube parts 2 may be provided with flanges 1S constructed of some heat conducting material.
  • the flanges 18 are to be provided with holes 16 -orrecesses
  • the flanges 18 may be substituted by ribs 17 arranged on the outer surface oft the water tubes in a longitudinal direction.
  • the improved jacketed boiler tubes enable a very high evaporation to be attained, about 90 kg. steam per square metre of heating surface, which in turn makes it possible to build boilers of this type for very high steam pressures.
  • a furnace chamber in combination, a furnace chamber; a boiler chamber; means separating ⁇ said chambers; a sealed heat transmitting tube having its lower end located in said furnace chamber and its upper portion in said boiler charnber; and a return tube leading ⁇ from the upper end of said heat transmission tube to the lower end portion thereof, the lower end of said return tube communicating with said heat transmitting tube through a horizontal elongated opening at a point above said separating means.
  • a furnace chamber in combination, a furnace chamber; a boiler chamber; means separating said chambers; a sealed heat transmitting tube having its lower end located in said furnace chamber and its upper portion in said boiler chamber; and a return tube leading from the upper end of said heat transmitting tube to the lower end portion thereof at a point above said separating means.
  • a furnace chamber in combination, a furnace chamber; a boiler chamber; means separating said chambers; a plurality of sealed heat transmitting tubes having their lower ends located in said furnace chamber and their upper portions in said boiler chamber, each heat transmitting tube being pr-ovided with a return tube leading from the upper end of said heat transmitting tube to the lower por Aion thereof at a point above said separating means.
  • a furnace chamber in combination, a furnace chamber; a boiler chamber; means separating said chambers; a plurality of sealed heat transmitting tubes having their lower ends located in said furnace chamber and their upper portions in said boiler chamber; each heat transmitting ⁇ tube being provided with a return tube leading from the upper end of said heat transmitting tube to the low-er port-ion thereof at a point above said separating means, the lower end ot said return tube joining said heat transmitting tube at an angle of less than 90o.
  • a furnace chamber in combination, a furnace chamber; a boiler chamber; means separating said chanibcrs; a plurality of sealed heat tnansmittingl tubes having their lower ends located in said furnace chamber and their upper portions in said boiler chamber; each heat transmitting tube being provided with a return tube leading from the upper end of said heat transmitting tube to the lower portion thereof at a. point above said separat-ing means, and said return tube communicating with said heat transmitting tube through an elongated opening.
  • a furnace chamber a boiler chamber; means separating said chambers; a Vsealed heat transmitting tube having its lower end located in said furnace chamber and its upper end in said boiler chamber and provided with a return tube leading from the upper end of said heat transmitting tube to the lower end portion thereof at a point above said separating means; a jacket surrounding said heat transmitting tube within the boiler chamber and provided with an entrance opening at its lower end and an exit opening at its upper end.
  • a furnace chamber in combination, a furnace chamber; a boiler chamber; means separating said chambers; a sealed heat transmitting tube having its lower end located in said furnace chamber and its upper portion in said boiler chamber and provided with a return tube leading from the upper end of said heat transmitting tube to the lower end portion thereof at a point above said separating means; a sectional jacket surrounding said heat transmitting tube within said furnace chamber each section of said jacket being provided with a lower entrance opening and an upper eXit opening.
  • a furnace chamber a boiler chamber; means separating said chambers; a sealed heat transmitting tube having its lower end located in said furnace chamber and its upper end in said boiler chamber and provided with a return tube leading from the upper end of said heat transmitting tube to the lower end portion thereof at a point above said separating means; a jacket surrounding said heat transmitting tube within the boiler chamber and provided with an entrance opening at its lower end and an exit opening at its upper end, and a baffle plate located above the exit opening of said jacket.
  • a sealed heat transmitting tube having its lowerl end located in said furnace chamber and its upper portion in said boiler chamber and provided with a return tube leading from the upper end of said heat transmitting tube to the lower end portion thereofl at a point above said separating means; a sectional jacket surrounding said heat transmitting tube within said furnace chamber, each section of said jacket being provided with a lower entrance opening and an upper exit opening and a bottom plate for closing the lower end of each section.
  • a furnace chamber in combination, a furnace chamber; a boiler chamber; means separating said chambers; a sealed heat transmitting tube having its lower end located in said furnace chamber and its upper end in said boiler chamber and provided with a return tube leading from the upper end of said heat transmitting tube to the lower end portion thereof at a point above said separating means; a jacket surrounding said heat transmitting tube within the boiler chamber and provided with an entrance opening at its lower end and an eXit opening at its upper end; and centering means for said jacket.

Description

.llllllllllilrllr/ Nov. 23 1926.
' Z. J. H. JONKER HEAT TRANSMITTING TUBE OF STEAM GENERATORS Filed Nov. 9, 122
ful/nace cham/7er Patented Nov. 23, 1926.
UNlTED STATES ZEGER JAN HENDRIK JONKER, OF HILVERSUM, NETHERLANDS.
-EEAT-TRANSMITTING TUBE OF STEAM GENER-ATORS.
Application 'filed November 9, 1922, Serial No. 599,0, and in the Netherlands April 8, 19522.
.u illed with a liquid which serves as the means for transferring the heat. They project with their lower ends into the fire space or furnace, the upper parts of the tubes extending into the boiler.
rlhe liquid contained in the water tubes is evaporated and the heat is transmitted to the water contained in the' boiler. The liquid which is condensed in the upper part ot the water tube flows down along the inner if) surface of the water tube until it reaches the lower part or the tube in which it is again heated. The condensed water colisequently forms a cooling liquid layer which detrimentally ailects the transmission oil heat-V irom the liquid or the generatedY steam to the water contained in the boiler. Moreover, the Circulation of the water inthe boiler is somewhat slow which prevents a high boiler efficiency from being obtained.
One construction of the improved boiler tube embodying the features of the invention is shown by way ot example in the accompanying drawings in which:
Fig. l is a longitudinal section of a water tube and outer tube or jllet Fig. 2 is an elevation ot the water tube and outer tube or jacket;
Fig. 3 is a top view and Fig. 4 a longitudinal section of a water tube with flanges with circulation holes and outer tube or jacket anda water tube with flanges without outer tube or jacket;
F ig. 5 is a cross section on line 5 5 in Fig. 1;
Fig. 6 is a top view and l Fig. 7 a longitudinal section of a water tube with ribs.
Fig. 8 is a front view of the longitudinal slot at the juncture of the lower end of the return tube and the heat transmitting tube.
l5 bottom The improved water tube ior boilers and the like comprises an inner tube and an outer tube or jacket. The inner tube is screwed or otherwise secured in the boiler l., the joint being hermetically sealed. The lower part 3 of the tube projects into the lire space or furnace l, whilst the upper part 2 ot the tube extends into the interior 5 of the boiler. The part 2 of the tube is, at its upper end, provided with a downwardly extending branch or extension 6 which communicates at its lower end with the lower end of the part 2. it will be seen from the drawings that the upper and lower ends of the tube are gradually bent and open into the tube 2 at an angle a smaller than 90C. The port 7 through which the tube 6 communicates at its lower end with the tube 2 is in the form of a horizontal elongated slot in order to prevent the rising of the boiling water in tube 6.
rllhe part 2 ot the tube located in the interior boiler space is provided with an outer jacket tube which consists'of several independent coaXially arranged tubular sections 8, 9, and l0, each of which is closed at its lower end. Each jacket tube section 8,` 9 and l() is provided near its lower end with one or more openings ll, and its upper end with one or more openings l2, the water or steam entering the section through the lower opening or openings ll and escaping through the top opening er openings l2. The uppermost outer tube section l0 is entirely open at theA top and is moreover somewhat widened at the top to facilitate the escape of the steam into the steam space of the boiler.
The annular spaces between the outer tube sections 8, 9, and l0 and the inner tube part 2 are closed at the lower ends by bottom plates i3 in order to prevent the water from rising directly from one section into the next higher section of the outer tube. Direct passage ot the water from one section int-o the next following is further prevented by laterally projecting extension plates 14 arranged above the exit openings 12.
The outer tube sections are held in alignment by means olY centering projections l5 so that the tube sections are held coaxially with the inner tube.
Besides the tube parts 2 may be provided with flanges 1S constructed of some heat conducting material. In case outer tubes or jackets are used,the flanges 18 are to be provided with holes 16 -orrecesses The flanges 18 may be substituted by ribs 17 arranged on the outer surface oft the water tubes in a longitudinal direction.
,The oj'aeration is as follows:
The liquid contained in the inner tube parts B and is evaporated by the heat transmitted in the furnace space 4 to the lower part The .steam or vapour contained in the upper part 2 of the tube transmits its heat to the boiler water contained in the space 5, is then condensed and returns through the return pipe 6 into the tube part- 2. This return passage is located within the boiler space 5 so that the walls of the heat transmitting tube part 2 are not cooled by the condensed water. It will be understood that in this manner a very satisfactory trans- Aerence of heat from the heated liquid or steam to the water contained in the boiler may be attained. The transference of heatl is further assisted by the flanges 18 or ribs l? and by the provision of the outer tubes which cause the boiler water to enter the annular spaces between the tube part 2 and the outer tube sections 8, 9 and l0 at diierent heights through the various openings Il and enable the heated water to return to the boiler at different vertical points through the discharge openings l2. In this manner a very intensive and rapid water circulation within the boiler is effected, which increases the heat transmission coeflicient and enables a very high thermal etliciency to be attained.
The improved jacketed boiler tubes enable a very high evaporation to be attained, about 90 kg. steam per square metre of heating surface, which in turn makes it possible to build boilers of this type for very high steam pressures.
Claims:
l. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a furnace chamber; a boiler chamber; means separating` said chambers; a sealed heat transmitting tube having its lower end located in said furnace chamber and its upper portion in said boiler charnber; and a return tube leading` from the upper end of said heat transmission tube to the lower end portion thereof, the lower end of said return tube communicating with said heat transmitting tube through a horizontal elongated opening at a point above said separating means.
2. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a furnace chamber; a boiler chamber; means separating said chambers; a sealed heat transmitting tube having its lower end located in said furnace chamber and its upper portion in said boiler chamber; and a return tube leading from the upper end of said heat transmitting tube to the lower end portion thereof at a point above said separating means.
3. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a furnace chamber; a boiler chamber; means separating said chambers; a plurality of sealed heat transmitting tubes having their lower ends located in said furnace chamber and their upper portions in said boiler chamber, each heat transmitting tube being pr-ovided with a return tube leading from the upper end of said heat transmitting tube to the lower por Aion thereof at a point above said separating means.
et. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a furnace chamber; a boiler chamber; means separating said chambers; a plurality of sealed heat transmitting tubes having their lower ends located in said furnace chamber and their upper portions in said boiler chamber; each heat transmitting` tube being provided with a return tube leading from the upper end of said heat transmitting tube to the low-er port-ion thereof at a point above said separating means, the lower end ot said return tube joining said heat transmitting tube at an angle of less than 90o.
5. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a furnace chamber; a boiler chamber; means separating said chanibcrs; a plurality of sealed heat tnansmittingl tubes having their lower ends located in said furnace chamber and their upper portions in said boiler chamber; each heat transmitting tube being provided with a return tube leading from the upper end of said heat transmitting tube to the lower portion thereof at a. point above said separat-ing means, and said return tube communicating with said heat transmitting tube through an elongated opening.
6. In apparatus of t-he class described, in combination, a furnace chamber; a boiler chamber; means separating said chambers; a Vsealed heat transmitting tube having its lower end located in said furnace chamber and its upper end in said boiler chamber and provided with a return tube leading from the upper end of said heat transmitting tube to the lower end portion thereof at a point above said separating means; a jacket surrounding said heat transmitting tube within the boiler chamber and provided with an entrance opening at its lower end and an exit opening at its upper end.
7. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a furnace chamber; a boiler chamber; means separating said chambers; a sealed heat transmitting tube having its lower end located in said furnace chamber and its upper portion in said boiler chamber and provided with a return tube leading from the upper end of said heat transmitting tube to the lower end portion thereof at a point above said separating means; a sectional jacket surrounding said heat transmitting tube within said furnace chamber each section of said jacket being provided with a lower entrance opening and an upper eXit opening.
8. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a furnace chamber; a boiler chamber; means separating said chambers;
.a sealed heat transmitting tube having its lil() liu lll
lower end located in said furnace chamber and its upper portion in said boiler chamber and provided with a return tube leading from the upper end of said heat transmitting tube to the lower end portion thereof at a point above said separating means; a sectional jacket surrounding said heat transmitting tube within said furnace chamber each section of said jacket being provided with a lower entrance opening and an upper exit opening, the upper section of said jacket being flared at the top.
9. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a furnace chamber; a boiler chamber; means separating said chambers; a sealed heat transmitting tube having its lower end located in said furnace chamber and its upper end in said boiler chamber and provided with a return tube leading from the upper end of said heat transmitting tube to the lower end portion thereof at a point above said separating means; a jacket surrounding said heat transmitting tube within the boiler chamber and provided with an entrance opening at its lower end and an exit opening at its upper end, and a baffle plate located above the exit opening of said jacket.
10. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a furnace chamber; a boiler chamber; means separating said chambers;
a sealed heat transmitting tube having its lowerl end located in said furnace chamber and its upper portion in said boiler chamber and provided with a return tube leading from the upper end of said heat transmitting tube to the lower end portion thereofl at a point above said separating means; a sectional jacket surrounding said heat transmitting tube within said furnace chamber, each section of said jacket being provided with a lower entrance opening and an upper exit opening and a bottom plate for closing the lower end of each section.
l1. In apparatus of the class described, in combination, a furnace chamber; a boiler chamber; means separating said chambers; a sealed heat transmitting tube having its lower end located in said furnace chamber and its upper end in said boiler chamber and provided with a return tube leading from the upper end of said heat transmitting tube to the lower end portion thereof at a point above said separating means; a jacket surrounding said heat transmitting tube within the boiler chamber and provided with an entrance opening at its lower end and an eXit opening at its upper end; and centering means for said jacket.
In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.
ZEGER JAN HENDRIK JONKER.
CSV
US599870A 1922-04-26 1922-11-09 Heat-transmitting tube of steam generators Expired - Lifetime US1607630A (en)

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