US1606591A - Internal-combustion engine working with auxiliary pump cylinders - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 9, 1926. 1,606,591

F. MULLER INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE WORKING WITH AUXILIARY PUMP CYLINDERS Filed August 13, 1921 flz'edrzbiz Milerf Patented Nov. 9, 1926.

UNITED STATES 1,606,591 PATENT OFFICE.

FRIEDRICH M'U'LLER, OF VIENNA, AUSTRIA.

INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINE WORKING WITH AUXILIARY PUMP GYLINDERS.

Application filed August 13, 1921, Serial No. 492,195, and in Austria November 14, 19 16.

(GRANTED UNDER. THE PROVISIONS OF THE ACT OF MARCH 3, 1921, 41. STAT. L, 1313.)

The deaxializing of the working and auxiliary pump cylinders'of internal combustion engines has already been proposed. The advantages of such a displacement of the cylinder resi'de both in the reduction of the lateral forces due to ,the stresses in the sliding path of the pistons, by which means the frictional losses 'ofthe pistons and the forces reacting on the foundations, chassis and. the like are reduced, and in the prevention of the premature wear of the sliding surfaces of the cylinders, as the wear is distributed more uniformly to both sides of the cylinders.

The object of the invention is to balance entirely or at least partially the lateral stresses on the pistons 1n groups of working and auxiliary cylinders associated together, and the tilting movements caused in certain cases by the lateral stresses, the lateral stresses to be balanced being reduced by d-eaxializing the cylinders. According to the invention this is effected by the working, and auxiliary pump cylinders, which are mounted preferabl parallel to one another, being also disp aced in opposite directions to each other, the working cylinders being deaxialized in the direction of rotation of the crank shaft and the auxiliary cylinders in the opposite direction to that of rotation and the operating members (cranks and the lik? of the cylinders being relatively displace so that the lateral maximum stresses on the cylinder walls acting in opposition to each other in each group, consisting of working and auxiliary pump cylmders, occur simultaneously or approximately so, and are thereby wholly or at least partially balanced. In the solution of this problem use is made of the well-known deaxilizin not only for the well-known'object of reducing the lateral stresses, but also for the object of acting on the various cylinders of one group in such a manner that they are effective at the same time to a proximately the same extent in opposite irections. The balance is all the more effective the greater the relative deaxial distance of the workin and auxiliary pump cylinders. By disp acing the operating members for the cylinders or for the pistons of the cylinders so that the operating members of the working cylinders are in advance of the operating'members of the auxiliary pump cylinders by such an amount that the combustion stroke in the working cylinder corresponds approximately to'the compression stroke in the auxiliary pump cylinder, an almost perfect balance of the lateral maximum stresses can be obtained. A constructional advantage of the arrange-j ment (according to the invention resides in the fact that, owing to the displacement of the cylinders, the length of the engine can be made shorter. The amount of deaxialization ado ted may be different, but will preferably e dependent on the load on the pistons pumps, irrespective of the purpose for which they are to be used. The arrangement according to the invention is specially suitable for auxiliary pump for instance, like inject1on air compressors and fuel pumps, work at higher pressures than the main cylinders.

The accompanying drawingshows as a constructional example of the invention an engine having a scavenging pump, an injection air compressor and a fuel pump with parallel cylinders.

Figure 1 showing the engine in longitudinal section,

Figure 2 in plan,

Figure 3 in a section through the cylinder of the scavenging pump,

Figure 4 in a section through the working cylinder, with the fuel ump and Figure 5 a section t rough the injection air compressor.

a is the working cylinder, b the scavengcylinders, which,

ing pump cylinder, 0 the injection air compressor and d the fuel pump. All the cylinders forming a group are mounted on the crank casing e and the pistons f, g, h all are operated by the crank shaft 2', with the ex.- ception of'the fuel pump piston k, which is driven by the control shaft m by means of a cam Z. The amount of displacement of the various cylinders with respect tothe centre of the shaft is shown both in Fig. 2 and in Figs. 3, 4 and 5. Thus, the working cylinder a is offset from the axis of the crank. shaft in such a direction asto reduce the lateral piston force on the working or expansion stroke, while the compressor and pump cylinders b and a are displaced in the opposite direction, to reduce the lateral piston force on the com ression stroke, thus in each case reducing t e maximum lateral force. The cranks of the various units also are displaced one from the other to such a position that the lateral piston force in each unit reaches a maximum at the same time. So, when the engine reaches the crank position shown in the drawings, each of the pistons delivers its maximum side thrust to the walls of its cylinder while each i ston simultaneously delivers its maxlmum ownward thrust to the crank shaft.

Hence the downward thrust upon the crank shaft reaches its. highest possible value which is the sum of the maximum values in each unit, while at the same time each piston delivers its maximum lateral thrust.

.The invention thus is the application of two principles to an internal combustion engine of the type shown. The first principle, offsetting thecylinders from the axis of the crank shaft to reduce the maximum lateral thrust in each unit; the second principle, angularly displacing the cranks of each unit so that all of the piston forces reach a maximum at exactly the same instant. V

Patent claims- 1. In internal combustion engines, a

iary' pumps, the axes of the cooperating working cylinder and auxiliary pumps being arranged on opposite sides of the axis of said power shaft, and operating cranks for the working cylinder and the auxiliary pumps, said cranks being displaced with respect to each other to produce approximate balancing of the lateral piston stresses.

2. In internal combustion engines, a power shaft, a working cylinder, auxiliary pumps cooperating with the working cylinder, the axes of the said working cylinder and the auxiliary pumps being arranged on different sides of the shaft axis, operating cranks for the working cylinder and the auxiliary pumps, said operating crank of '30 power shaft, a working cylinder, and auxilthe working cylinder being displaced in ad- Vance with respect to the operating cranks of the auxiliary pumps.

Vienna, Austria, July 14, 1921.

\ FRIEDRICH MI'JLLEB.

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