US1601548A

US1601548A - Engine

Info

Publication number: US1601548A
Application number: US595965A
Authority: US
Inventors: Edward M Zier; Zier Michael
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1922-10-21
Filing date: 1922-10-21
Publication date: 1926-09-28
Anticipated expiration: 1943-09-28

Description

Sept. 28 1926.

E. M. -ZlER ET AL ENGINE Fi1ed Oct. 21, 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Sept. 28, 1926.

STATES EDWARD M. ZIER AND MICIIAEL ZIER, OF NEW ALBANY, INDIANA.

ENGIN E.

Application filed October 21, 1922. Seral No. 595,965.

0111 invention relates to neW and useful improvoments in an internal Combustion engine of the four cycle type and has for -1ts rincipal object the provision of an engme aving a oompressing oyl mder and piston interposed between two firm g cyhnders and pistons, said compressmg piston upon each downvvard stroke drawing in a charge ot gas and upn each upward stroke forcing Sa1d charge into one or the other of the firing oylinders.

Another object cons1scs in formmg the compressing cylinder and piston of a greater diameter than the firing cylinders and pistons and so connecting the pistons to a common drive shaft that the firing pistons Will operate in advance of the compressmg piston, the compressing cyl1ndcr and piston being 01 greater chameter than the fill}g cylinders allowing the gases to be cornpac y oompressed in the firmg cyhnders adowmg a greater combustion than would be the case if not so compactly compressed and the firmg pistons operated in advance of the compress ing piston allowing the connectmn between the piston rods and crank shatt to be ofi center when the fiiing takes place.

A urther objeot residesin positioning the valves in a novel 1nanner and providing a passage from the compression cyhnder to each of the firing cylinders, a valve normally closing each passage but adapted to be opened for drawing in and compressing a charge and one valve being closed while the other is open.

YVith the above and other objecte in view OUI invention consists in the novel details of construction and combination of parts described in the following specification and illustrated in the acoompanyng drawings in which:

Fig. 1 is a fragniental longitudinal vertical section through the oylinder oasting and cover With the pistons, piston rods, cran]: shaft and spark plugs shown in elevation.

Fig 2 is a fragmental horizontal section throughthe cylinder casting cover with the cylinder casting and valves shown in top lan.

Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section through the cylinder casting, oover, and cran]: case, with parts shown in elevamon, and

Fig. 4 is a fragmental longitudinal vertical section through the cylinder castmg and cover showing the valves and valve operat-- ing mechanism in side. elevation.

In the drawings 1 indicates a portion of the cylinder casting formed with the

firing oylinders

2 and 3 and the compressing cyL inder 4- therebetwcen, pistons 5 and 6 oper ating in the

cylinders

2 and 3, respectively, and piston 7 operating in the oylinder 41, the compressing cylinder 4 and its piston 7 being o greater diameter than the firing cylinders and pistons for a purp0se Which Will be later described. The casting 1 is formedwith openingsor passages 8 surrounding the cylinders to receive the usual water or other cooling medium. While we have illustrated only. a portion of the casting disclosing two firing cylinders and pistons and one compression cylinder and piston it Will be understood that any number of cylindersand associated pistons may be provided, four firing cylinders and pistons and two compressing cylinders and pistons being provided for an engine of the usual four cylinder type.

Supported on and seoured to the top of the casting 1 is the head 9 which separates the cylinders at the top, as shovvn, and is providedwith the passages 10 for receiving the cooling medium. A spark plug 11 is carried by the head over each of the firing cylinders and these plugs will be connected to the usual ignition system for supplying the spark. The casting 1 is sappord on the crank case 12, the crank Case rotatably supporting'the orank shaft 13 which extends longitudinafly beneath the casting. A piston rod 14 is connected at one end to the piston 5 and at the opposite end to the shaft 13, a

piston rod 15 connects the piston 6 and shaft 13 and a piston rod 16 connects the piston with the cran]: shaft The piston rods are so connected to the crank shaft that the firing pistons 5 and 6 Will operate sliglcIy in advance of the compressing piston Formed in the casting 1, adjacent the cylinder 2, is the intake port 17 and the exhaust port 18, the upper ends of these ports being formed Wtll seats to receive the

valves

19 and 20, respectively, Which have the usual stems 21. Springs 22 surromnd these stems between the under side of the castingl and the washers 23 and normally hold the valves upon their seats. Formed in the casting 1, adjacent the cylinder 3, is the intake port 24:

and the exhaust port 25, the upper ends of the ports being formed with seats adapted to receive the

valves

26 and 27 respectively which have the usual stems 28.

Springs 29 snrronnd the stems between the underside of the casting and the washers 30 to normally hold the valves upon their seats.

Openings

31 and 32 extend clownwardly from the top of the oasting 1, one

opening being on eaoh side et the oomppessing cylinder 4, the opening 31 commmnoating vvith a passage 33 which leads to the firing oylinder 2 and the opening 32 com-- mnnicating with a passage 34. which leads to the fiiing oylinder 3. The opening 31 is formed at the upper edge with a seat to reeeive the valve 35 and the opening 32 is formed at the upper edge with a seat to receive the valve 36. The

valves

35 and 36 have the usnal stems 37 Which are suriounded by the sp1ings 38 between the under side of the casting 1 and the washers 39, the .springs normal1y holding the valves upon their seats. Each of the

valves

19, 20, 26, 27, 35 and 36 are adapted to be operated through means of the cams 40 on the cam shait 41, said Cams engaging the membe1s 1-2 Which in turn engage the ends of the valve stems. The cams Will be so positionod as to properly time the opening et the valves.

The inlet ports 17 and 24: are connected to the nsual intake manifold and the

exhaust ports

18 and 25 are connected to the usual exhaust manifold.

Having now described the detail constrnotion We Will desoribe more fully the operation. With the pistons in the position shown in Fig. 1 the

valves

26, 27 and 36 are closed and the compressed gases in the fifing cylinder 3 is ready to loe fi1ed, it being noted that the connection between the rod 15 and crank shaft 13 is ofi' center. The piston 5 in the living cylinder 2 has reached about mid-way position and has drawn in gas through the inlet port 17, the valve 19 being open. WVhen the fifing takes place in the cylinder 3 the pistons 5, 6 and 7 Will all continue their downward stroke, the piston 5 drawing in gas through the port 17 and the piston 7 drawing in gas through the passage 33, from the cylinder 2, the valve 35 being open at the time of the firing. As shown and described the firing pistons 5 and 6 operate in advance 01'' the oompressing piston 7 and the firing pis-- tons 5 and 6 reach their lowermost positions and start on the up stroke while the piston 7 is still going clown drawing in gas. As the piston 5 moves up it compresses'the gas which is has diaWn into the oylinder 2 and when the piston 7 moves np it com presses the gas which has been drawn into the cylinder 4 and forces it through the passage 33 into the cylinder 2. When the piston 7 starts upwards the intake valve 19 Will close but the valve 35 Will remain open until the piston reaches its uppermost position when it ivill close. lVhen the piston 6 starts up, the firing in the oylinder 3 having been accomplished, the exhaust valve 27 Will open and the movement O the piston npwardly forces out the exhaust gases. The piston 5 Wlll start on its second clown stroke before the piston 7 reaches its nppevmost position and Will &each about mid-1vay position be-ore the firing take s pla;e. The cylinder 4 and piston 7 being of greater diameter than the oylinder 2 and piston 5 Will tightly oompress the gases in the. cylinder 2 to cause a greacer explosion than takes place in engines of the usnal construction and the connection of the 1od 1 1 with the shaft 13 will be ofi center, When the piston 6 reaches its uppermos: position the intake valve 26 Will be open and the exhanst valve 27 closed so that when the piston starts down gas Will -be again drawn into the cydnder 3. When the piston 7 again starts clown gas Will be drawn into the cylinder lthrongh the passage 34.-, the valve being open at the time the pis ton 7 starts down. On its up stroke the piston 6 Wlll compress the gases in the cyl- 1nder Will compress the gasses in the oylinder 4 and force it over into the cylinder 3 throngh the passage It Will be unde1stood that vxhen piston 7 starts up the intake valve 2 1 Will ne closedand the valve 36 Will be closed when the piston 7 machos its uppermost position. As the piston 5 goes up, while the piston 6 is compressing, it is enhansing the gas fiom the cylinder 2 throngh the exhaust port 18, the oxhaust valve 20 being thon opened. From the above it Will e seen that the piston 7 draws in gas on oach down stmke and compresses it on each up stroke, delivering the eompressed gases alternaly to the

oylinders

2 and 3, the greater diameter of the compressing cylinder and piston oausing a tight compression of the gases in the fi1ing cylinders.

The engins described may be made in the vertical, horizontal or V-shaped type and the oompressing cylinder may be made any size or different in st10ke from the firing cylinder t0 regular the amount of gas com pressed. Each cylinder fires eaoh time the orank shat turns 0ver twioe.

Having fully described our invention what we daim and desire to seoure loy Lettors Patent is:

1. An engine comprising a pair of firing cylinders, a oompressing oylinder interposed between the fiiing oylinders, a piston oper able in each of the cylinders, means for siinnltaneously drawing a charge into one 01" the fifing cylinders and the oompressing cylinder upon the clownward str0ke of the and the piston 7 on its up stroke pistons therein, and means for compressing the charge in both of the cylinders upon the upward movement CI the pistons therein and transfeming the c0mpressed charge from the compressing cylinder into the firing cylinder.

2. An engins comprising a pair of firing cylinders, a compressing cylinder pistons operable in each of the cylinders, means for drawing a charge into one of the firing cylinders and compressing oylinder while the firing is taking place in the other firing cylinder, and means for oompressing the charge in said first mentioned cylinders while exhausting the gases from the last mentioned cylinder.

3. An engine comprising a pair of firing cylinders, a compressing cyli11der, a piston operable in each of the cylinders, valved passages leading from the compression cylinder to each of the firing cylinders, and means for opening the valve in one of the passages dnring the clownward movement of the pistons so that a charge Will be drawn into one of the firing cylinders and the compressing oylinder while the valve in the other passage remains olosed.

4. An engine comprising a pair of firing cylinders, each having an intake and an exhaust port, a valve in each of the intake and exhaust ports, a compressing cylinder, a valved passage leading from the compressing cylinder to each of the firing cylinders, pistons operable in each of the cylinders, and means for operating the valves in the intake and exhaust ports and the passages between the cylinders so that when firing is taking place in one of the firing oylinders a charge Will be drawn into the other firing oylinder and compressing cylinder upon the dmvnward movement 01: the pistons therein and when the exhaust gases are being discharged froin that cylinder which has fired the charge in the other firing cylinder and compressing cylinder Will be compressed and the charge from the oompressing cylinder Will be transferred to that firing cylinder WhlCh has drawn in a charge;

5. An engins comprising a fire cylinder, a compressing oylinder, a piston operable in each of the cylinders, the piston in the firing cylinder operating in advance of the piston in the compressing cylinder, and means whereby a charge is drawn into the firng and compressing cylinders upon the clown stroke of the pistons therein and compressed on the up stroke of the pistons, the firing piston operating in advance of the comptessing piston allowing the compress ing piston to continue to draw in the charge after the firing piston has started on the up stroke and to continue its compressing after the piston in the firing cylinder has started on its firing stroke.

6. An engine comprising apair of firng cylinders, a compressing oylinder, pistons operable in each of the cylindef5, a valved inlet port and a valved exhaust port for each of the firing cylinders, a valved passage rom each of the firing cylinders to the compressing cylinder, and means for controlling the inlet and exhaust valves and the valves of the passages from the firing cylinders to the compressing cylinder so that on the clown str0ke of the pistons a charge Will be drawn into one of the firing cylinders and the compressing cylinder while a charge is firing in the other firing cylinder, the charge into the compressing cylinder being drawn from the firing cylinder through the communicating passage.

In testimony whereof we hereunto affiX our signatures.

EDWARD M. ZIER. MICHAEL ZIER.