US1601137A - Silencer - Google Patents

Description

H. P. MAXIM SILENCER Sept. 28 ,71926. 1,601,1374

Filed Nov. 26. 1924 2 sheets-sheet 1v INVENTOR BY *'M A TORNEYS H. P. MAXIM Sept. 28 1926.

SILENCER Filed NOV. 26, 1924 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ll u ll ATTORNEYS Patented Sept. 28, 1926..

N UNITED vSimfree PATENT OFFICE.

HIRAM PERCY MAXIM, OF HARTFORD, CONN ECTCUT, ASSIGNOR TO MAXIM SILENCER COMPANY, OF HARTFORD.r CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

SILENCER.

Application led November 26, 1924. Serial No. 752,440.

This invention relates to silencers such as are used for silencing the explosive exhaust noises of internal combustion engines, intake of air compressors and the like. y

i More particularly, it relates to that type of silencer wherein the .exhaust gases are constrained to pass from an `axial or central chamber through a spiral passageway or a series of spiral passageways and be delivered from said passageway through a narrow an nular opening or slot, either to a succeeding spiral passageway or to the atmosphere at the periphery of the device.

One object of the invention is to provide an improved and simplified silencer of lthe above type and one which is capable of cooperating with similar or duplicate members whereby more or less silencing capacity may be provided by the assembling together of a larger or smaller number of the same members.

Further objects of the invention are .to provide certain improvements tending to in; sure strength and rigidity of construction; to facilitate the economical quantity production of silencers of large capacity; to render practical 'the construction of larger silencers in which provision is made for varying the capacity thereof; and to provide various other improved features of constructionI contributing to the production of eiiicient and reliable silencers at low manufacturing costs.

To the accomplishment of the above and further objects, as will. hereinafter appear, the invention consists'in' the features of construction and in the combination and arrangement of parts which. will be first describedvand particularly pointed out in the claims.

The invention will be explained in connection with the ,accompanying drawings, lin which2 Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a silencer constructed in accordance with the present invention; v

Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken on the line 2-i-2 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 isa longitudinal half sectionalized 50 view of a modified form of the invention;

and Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken 4?-4 of Fig. 2, v l

on the line Referring to the drawings, and particularly to Figs. 1 and 2, the improved silencer therein shown comprises two annular members 1 and 2 which. are assembled side-byside, as shown in Fig. 1, and to which an end plate 3 is secured.

The members 1 and 2 are preferably constructed of cast iron as integral castings,

uous winding or spiral passageway 6 leadingfrom the center of the member to a point adjacent the periphery thereof. To this end, each of the annular members 1 and 2 comprises flat annular plates with a central aperture, and what is in effect a spiral rib 4 which projects at right angles to the plate and which forms between its convolutions the winding or spiral passageways 6 for the exhaust gases. In practice, it is preferred t-o malte the ribs 4 not as ltrue spirals but concentric circular segments for somewhat more than lthree quarters of a circle and to connect the corresponding ends of each concentric portion with the opposed ends of the ribs of the next smaller diameter, as clearly shown in Fig. 2. The outer convolution lor concentric circular segment of the rib 4 is spaced from the periphery of the annular plate a distance which is slightly greater than the distance between the inner concentric circular segments. There isalso formed on each annular plate a circular rib or flange 5. This flange 5 also projects at right angles to the plate, but it projects a `distance which is slightly` less than the distance that the spiral rib 4 projects for a purpose which will be hereinafter described. This flange 5 forms, in conjunction with the outer convolution of the spiral rib 4, an annular channel7 into which the spiral passageway 6 opens. The annular members 1 and 2 are also provided with apertured ears and each one is formed to provide a contin- Y or bosses 8 for a purpose which will be readily apparent.

The members 1 and 2 are assembled side by side' in coaxial relation so that the free end of the rib 4 on the member 1 engages the unribbed face of the member 2, the latter closing the open sides of the winding pas sageway 6 between the rib 4 on the member 1. The end plate 3 is likewise assembled adjacent the free end ofthe rib 4 on member 2, thereby closing the open sides of the winding passageway 6 between the rib 4 on this member. rlhe end plate 3 is solid throughout and also closes at one end the axial chamber l2 formed by the central` apertures in the members 1 and 2.

It will be seen, however, that neither the unribbed face of member 2 nor the end plate 3 Vcompletely closes the annular channel 7 due to the shorterdistance that the rib 5 projects from the annular plates of the members l and 2. Thus the open end of Ithis annular channel 7 in each of the members l and 2 is almost closed, forming annular chambers each having a narrow annular port 9 extending around the outer periphery of the device. The end plate 3 is provided with apertures which register with the bosses 8v whereby the different parts of the device Yare securely fastened together by means of the tie bolts 10 extending from the bosses. The member l is also preferably provided with an internally threaded axial boss l1, by means of which the silencer is adapted t'o be attached to the exhaust pipe of an engine.

In the present embodiment, the bosses or ears 8 extend the full width of each member whereby the annular opening 9 is interrupted at these points. It is readily apparent, however, that these bosses may be formed so that there will be practically no interruption of the opening 9.

In use, the gases and sound waves pass into Athe axial chamber l2, then through the spiral silencing passageways 6 and into the annular chambers 7, and are dispersed into the atmosphere through the narrow annular openings 9. rlhe sound waves passing from the axial chamber l2 are broken up by re-` peated reiections in the winding passageways 4 and as a result the gases leaving the annular ports 9 of the silencer are substantially noiseless.

It will be obvious that the capacity of the silencer will be determined by the number of the units, represented by the annular members l and 2 employed. rlhus a manufacturer is enabled to readily construct a silencer of any desired capacity by simply assembling the required number of the same units with an end plate and properly securing them together.

After a silencer of this type has been in use, its capacity can be readily changed as may be desired by the removal of units from the series, or the addition thereto of more units, it being only necessary to employ bolts of the proper length to accommodate the number of units employed.

It will be seen that the above described silencer is of extremely simple construction and that all the parts thereof may be advantageously formed of metallic castings.

It' will also be apparent that a silencer of the above type may be constructed of only one annular member and an end plate or that a series of three or more members Also, in this specific form the two l membersl and 2 are assembled with the 9 Vand 9 with approximately the same circumferential area. The member '2' is also peferably constructed with a non-apertured end wall for a reason which is readily apparent. Each member l and. 2 is also provided with the apertured ears 8 and tie bolts 10 in order to firmly hold thecassembly together. i

It will thus be seen that a slightly modiiied form of silencer has been constructed wherein the action of the sound waves and gases is similar to the action in the form shown in Figs. l and 2. In this form, however, the sound waves are broken up more than in the previously described form due tdthe repeated narrow annular discharge openings 9 and 9, which-successively allow buta small portion of the wave front to pass to the succeeding spiral passageway and eventually to the atmosphere.

It will also be apparent that the members l and 2 may be assembled inthe manner shown in Figs. l and 2, that is, with their unribbed faces adjacent'the open side of the channels of the next preceding member. In such a case, each member is centrally apertured and an end plate is provided.

The invention has been disclosed herein for illustrative purposes in its preferred embodiment and also with the aid of certain modifications thereof, but it is to be understood that the scope of the invention is delined by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description.

Claims:

l. A silencer comprising, a centrally chambered annular member having a spiral rib and a circular rib projecting from one side thereof to provide an interconnecting spiral and circular channel, said circular rib projecting from said side a shorter distance than said spiral rib, and a closure for the open side of said channels abutting said spiral rib and slightly spaced from said circular rib,

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whereby a closed spiral passageway leading into an annular chamber having an annular outlet port is provided. i

2. A silencer comprising a series of centrally chambered annular members, each having a .spiral and a circular rib projecting from one side thereof to provide an interconnecting spiral and circular channel therein, said circular rib projecting from said-side a shorter distance than said spiral rib, each succeeding member of said series adapted to form a closure for the open lside of the channels of the next preceding member and to abut the spiral rib and be slightly spaced from the circular rib thereof whereby a series of closed spiral passageways, each having an annular outlet port, is provided.

3. A silencer comprising an annular member having an end wall with a spiral rib and a circular rib projecting from one side thereof to provide an interconnecting spiral and circular channel, said circular rib projecting from said end wall a distance slightly lessA than said spiral rib, whereby when the open side of said channels is closed a closed spiral passageway having an annular discharge y opening is provided.

4. A silencer comprising a series of annular members each having an end Wallwith one or more alternate spiral and circular ribs projecting from one side thereof to provide4 interconnecting spiral and circular channels, said circular ribs projecting from said end wall a distance slightly less than said spiral ribs, each succeeding member of said series adapted to form a closure for the open side of the preceding member, whereby when the open side of said channels is closed a series of closed spiral passageways each y having an annular discharge opening is 'provided 5. A silencer comprising a series of centrally apertured members, each having a spiral rib and circular rib projecting from one side thereof to provide an interconnecting spiral and circular channel, said circular rib projecting'from said side a shorter distance than said spiral rib, an end plate for the last member of said series, said members'being assembled with the unribbed face of' each succeeding member abutting the spiral rib of the next preceding member and slightly spaced from the circular ribI thereof and with said end plate similarly positioned against the ribbed face of the last member of said series to provide a. central chamber closed at one end and having a series of closed spiral passageways leading therefrom to an annular chamber having an annular exhaust opening, and means comprising tie bolts extending through said members and end plate to hold same in assembled position. 4

ln testimony whereof I have affixed vmy signature. y

HIRAM PERCY MAXIM.

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