US1600721A - Process for treating hydrocarbons - Google Patents

Description

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Application led January 19, 19%. serial No. i.

This invention relates to a process and apparatus for treating hydrocarbons, and refers more particularly to one adapted for the cracking of petroleum oiis.

Among the salient objects of the invention are to provide a process whereby any sub stantial precipitation of carbon in the heated or cracking zone is prevented; to provide a process in which a plurality of small, relatively solid streams of oil are passed through the crackingfzone and then delivered to a vapor and expansion chamber located outside of the cracking zone; to provide a process in which the incoming oil intermingles with a gas and undergoes a heat interchange with the outgoing vapors; to provide a process in 4which the incoming fresh oil mingles with the redux condensate and is delivered to the cracking zone; tov

provide a process in which the oil is passed through the cracking zone in a plura ity o vertical streams; to provide a process in which the. 'carbon containing residue is drawn out of the system and 'prevented from returning to the cracking zone; to provide a process which can be operated as a continuous one; to provide a novel form o apparatus for carrying out the process,V and in general to provide an improved process and apparatus of the character referred to.

The single figure is a somewhat diagrammatic side elevation and vertical section of my improved apparatus.

Referring to the drawings, l designates the furnace, in which is seated the stili 2. This still 2 comprises a series ot open-ended vertical pipes 8 connected at their lower ends to drum 4 and at their upper ends to drum 5. A gooseneck 6 leads from the u per end of the drum. 5 to upright pipe 7 e standard 7' delivers to an expansion chamber or vapor chamber 8, located outside of the fire zone.l This chamber i is provided with residuum dravvo 9 controlled by throttle valve 10. Vapore pass out ot the chamber 8 through upright l1 to a lovver compartment 1:2 of a-dephlegmator 13. The dephlegmator 13 has an intermediate compartment 14, an upper compartment 15, provided vvith the usual overflow pipes l16 and i7,

The vapors which are not condensed in the dephlegrnator pass out through line 1S into water condenser 19 and thence through pipe 20 to the receiver 2l. The latter is provided with liquid dran/cti @iig contended y valve 23, gas drawoii fcontroiiled hv valve it is understood tiiat the system is equipped with the usual pressure pyroineters` and sight feeds. Fresh oil is delivered from any suitahie source et sup ply by pump 26 and line 2i? to the upper end of this deohleginator. A valve 2S is inter osed 1n he line 27. The retina condensate in the dephlegmator and 'the heated fresh nii leave4V the lower part of the dephleginator through line 2a, which is connected to the drum 4 as shown.

pressure and temperature may vary as con l dit/ions require.

I claim as my invention i. A process of converting heavy into lighter hydrocarbons, consisting7 in passing the oil in relatively solid smal-i streams through verticai tuiles seated in a turnace Lett passing the oil to a vapor cha-initier, drawing ofi' residue therefrom Without recycling any part of said residue through the system,

passing the vapors from said chamber to a dephlegmator where a portion of them are condensed, removing, condensing and ooh 7 lecting the portion uncondensed dephlegrnator9 and continuously eedidfresh oil and redux condensate to the sai vertical tubes, and preheating said trash oil by the heat trom the dephlegmatoriprior to this) passage of said fresh oit to said verticali tu es.

`2. A, process ot treating hydrocarhon oiis in said y consisting in continuously paesinpv the oit in relativey small streams through verticai tubes seated in a #furnace wherein the oil is subjected to a cracking temperature, in pressm ing the oil from said tuhes into an eapansiony chamber where a substantiai vaporization occurs and from. which no unvaporised oil is permitted to return said steinernea in passing; the vapors issuingr from said cham# ics densing the uncondensed vapors issuing 15mm Said'dephlegmator and in, Colcting 4iii@ resuting distillate, in passing refluz; condensaie and mw oii from said dephiegmator i@ fiile iiiwer ends of said verticaiiaibes mld in maintaining a superatmospmrc prassm@ on lxe-rystem. i

A process of treating hydrocarbon oil sonsisiing in passing' the oil in i'elaivey simil Sam's through vertical tubes Seaied in ii furnace wherein the oil is nemesi te; a. cracking temperature, in passing the oil 5mm saifi tubes vinto an eniargei expansion 'chamiier 'wherein substamiai vaporizzizion mimi@ @Gema in coninuousijf withdrawing residual 011 mm said mpamwii chambiei1 without recircuiaimg .any part of'said residual from said expansion chamber o L dephiegmaior, in continuously' passing raw @il disiiiizaie and in maintaining' a seif geneiatd vapor pmssme on the oli unebgmng conversion.

ARBQN P. DUBBS.

uil hrough the .fsjyfstenfi in passing vapors- 30 vapors to the lower ends of saidhina??9 in candensn'ig the vapors issuing from said dephlegmator and coilecimg the lesultmg

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