US1590999A

US1590999A - Process for manufacturing foils

Info

Publication number: US1590999A
Application number: US700672A
Authority: US
Inventors: Czapek Emil; Weingand Richard
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1922-06-16
Filing date: 1924-03-20
Publication date: 1926-06-29
Anticipated expiration: 1943-06-29

Description

June 29 1926.

E. CZAPEK ET AL mocass FOR MANUFACTURING FOILS Filg March 20 1924 -movable su porting carrier,

- to the carrier, as has been the case in previ- Patented June 29, 1926.

UNITED "STATES EMIL CZAIPEK AND RICHARD WEI NGAIHD, OFIBOMLITZ,

rno'onss non 'mnurac'runme FOILS.

Application filed Karel! 20, 1924, Serial No. 700,672, and in Germany June 16, 1922.

This invention relates to foils or films to be obtained from solutions of cellulose and cellulose compounds, and it refers in particular to novel means of effecting the co-- tended to provide means whereby in a comparatively short time and by simple manipulations, and in a short way a foil or film may be produced which has been solidified or coagulated to'such anextent that it may be moved freely in theadditional solidify ing or coagulating solutions or baths. In view thereof and in accordance with my invention the solution of cellulose or of cellulose compounds, of gelatine or the like is applied to the carrier, a rollervor a rotatingly fed ribbon, apron, web or the .likefor instance, afterthe carrier has been wetted with the coagulating, solidifying or precipi-' tating agent. The reliminary wetting of the carrier may be e ected for instance y a separate nozzle by means of which the precipitant is sprinkled 'on the carrier. By'

proceedin in this manner the result is accomplishe that the solidification or precipitation commences at the moment when the liquid-,gelatine or viscose, for instance, after being discharged from the ejecting or pouring vessel is made to flow upon the moistened movable carrier. The solidification --or co.-

agulation is continued during the further. movement of the carrier through the coagulating or precipitating bath, theprecipitation being effected from both sides of the liquid coating material. By properly proportioning the length and velocity of movement ofthe carrier the web-like pellicle of coa lable material, such as viscose, gelatine or t e like possesses such a superiordegree of strength and firmness as compared with the pellicles precipitated from one side onlg1 that the new pellicle, being precipitat from the supporting carrier and may be conducted through the remaining precipitating and washing baths, while in a freely suspended position. In view of the fact that the" precipitation takes place immediately upon the pourin of the solution onto the any liability of adhesion o the viscose, gelatine or the like from both sides, can be easily detachedous processes, is avoided, inasmuch asthe' precipitation begins from the bottom side,

so that there is no further necessity of scraping and cleaning thesupporting ribbon or apron at the point of detachment, nor is there any necessity of cleaning of the carrier beyond said point.

The detaching of the coagulated ribbon may preferably be effected below thelevel of the precipitating bath. In this case the wetting of the supporting carrier by a separate nozzle may be dispensedwith, provided there is a corresponding freely exposed length of carrier between the point of detachment and the level of the precipitating bath. The accomplishing of the desired result 'may be facilitated by preferably heating the supporting carrier within the efiective reach of the pouring vessel, by which,

means the. coagulation or p'reclpitation of the viscose and of equivalent substances is accelerated -and the process considerably shortened. This is a point of great importance in view of the low velocities of the supporting carrier occurring in this connection. V

The invention 'will be more fully described with reference to the accompanying drawin .showing'in a diagrammat c manner an by way of example the means of carrying out the invention in several forms of embodiment in Figures 1 to 3. According to Figure 1 a rotatable drum is used as supporting carrier for the solution of cellulose, and Figure 2 shows a modification of the arrangement represented .in Figure 1, the coagulated band being detached from the drum below the level of the bath according to Figure 2. Figure 3 illustrates-another form of embodiment of the invention employing a band-like supporting carrier.

In the tank 1,-as shown in Flgure 1 of the and which contains the precipitating or coagulatin liquid a drum 2 is disosed near one en thereof, which is rotated in the direction of the arrow 5 in any suitable manner. Upon said drum .2 the film drawing,

producing liquid, such as a solution of viscose for instance, is caused to flow from the receptacle 3' and is applied by means of the ejector-or pourer 4. The nozzle 6 which is preferably inclined opposite to the directlon of rotation of the drum 2 is adapted to apply precipitants upon the drum and 13 mounted between ing bath and the ejector or pourer 4, so that the level of the precipitat-- the has already been wetted with precipitating or coagulating material, when it arrives below the ejector t. The detaching of the coa 'ulated or solidified band or 'ribbon 7 is e ected above thebath of precipitating liquor by means of a roller 8, and the said ribbon 7 .is then conducted through the a roller 20, as shown in dotted lines in Fig- .ure 3. The. drum 12 may bepr'ovided with pxrecipitating bath over the rollers 9 in a eely suspended condition. In the interior of the drum 2- and within the efiective reach 7 of the pourer or ejector 4 heating pipes 10 may be arranged which are adapted to heat 4 thesupporting carrier, which in the present instance is represented by the drum 2. Asa

precipitating bath any of the usual preci itating or coagulating liquors, such as ch 0- r1de of ammonia, may be used.

j I In the embodiment represented in Figure 2 of the drawing the detaching of the coagulated ribbon or band 7 from the drum 2 is effected below the level of the precipiv tating bath, in which case the additional ad'- mission of the precipitating liquor by a nozzle is dispensed with.- The drum 2 becomes wetted with a sufficient coat of precipitating liquor within the precipitating bath itself, provided the portion of the periphery of -the drum between the point of detaching the ribbon and the level of the precipitating liquor is correspondingly,adjusted; so that also in this case the band of'viscose or the like discharged from the ejector 4 is im- .mediately coagulated from below. Otherwise the arrangement of the different pieces of apparatus according to Figure Q agrees with that shown in Figure 1 of the drawing.

Figure 3 illustrates a form of embodiment. of the principles of the invention, using an.

a ron or a band-like supporting carrier. he apron 11 of suitable material is conducted in this case in an. inclinedpositi'on over the two

drums

12 and 13.' Atthe po= likewise an immediate coagulation is accomplished'. The coagulated ribbon is detached below .the level of the-precipitating bath sition of the dru-m 13 disposed at a lower.

level precipitating agent is squirted upon the carrier apron from the nozzle 14, while the pourin out of the viscose or the like from the e ector 15 is efl'ectedat the position of the drum 12 at a higher level. The

carrier apron 11 is moving in the direction of the arrow 16, and is already wetted with. the precipitant when it arrives below the.

ejector or pourer- 15, so that in this case from the carrier apron 11 by means of "1.8-

heating pipes 17 within the operative reach of the ejector 15 with the effect of ass1sting the coagulation according to the process.

The

drums

12, 13 are operated in the usual manner; The invention has been shown and described in its broad aspects only, and it should be understood thatiitis not restricted to the particular means herein shown, but it is susceptible of other modifications arid changes to better adaptit to'e'xisting condi tions and to the convenience-of the user, and within the scope of the claiins hereunto appended. We claiin:--- I 1, The method of manufacturing foils from cellulosic solutions,, such as ,viscose,

the extent of treatment with the pre'cipi-' tating liquid being regulated to [thoroughly precipitate the foil. 2.- Process for the continuous manufac-' ture of foils from cellulosic solutions, such as viscose, capable of being precipitated, Which-comprises causing an enlesscarrier to progress with a portion of its travel through such a liquid as will quickly precipitate the cellulosic solution, whereby the I, .carrieris wetted, flowing said cellulosic solution on the wetted carrierto form a foil, and passing the foil supported by the carrier down through the precipitating. liquid, the velocity of the carrier'and the -extent of treatment with the precipitating liquid being regulated the foil.

In testimony names to this specification.. i 4 I DR.'EMHJ.GZAPEK- RICHARD W-EINGANDY 7 s0 capable of being precipitated, which com? to thoroughly precipitate whereof we have signed our V