US1590618A - Telephone receiver - Google Patents

Description

June 29 1926. 1,590,618 H. c. EGERTON TELEPHONE RECEI ER F le pril 5. 1922 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 6 t; Q INVENTORE /Z- M- #"ufATTORNEY H. C. EGERTON TELEPHONE RECE]:VER

2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed April 5, 1922 $121 WLVVENTOR BY 1 "1 ATTORNEY Patented June 29, 1926 UNITED "STATES HENRY C. EGERTON, OF PASSAIO,

PATENT} OFFICE.

NEW JERSEY; MAY L. EGERTON EXECUTRIX or sun HENRY O. EGERTON, DECEASED.

TELEPHONE aEcEIvER.

Application filed April 5, 1922. Serial No. 549,800.

This invention relates to telephone receivers, but it is well understood by those skilled in the art that a telephone receiver may also 'be used as a transmitter and the invention may' therefore be said to relate to both telephone receivers and transmitters although it is contemplated that it will be found of more useful application in connection with the receivers.

This invention further has reference to that class of telephone receivers wherein the magnetic flux in the permanent magnets is not aflected by changes in the telephonic currents but in which soft iron pole pieces are employed and the changes in magnetism in the operation of the instrument consists simply in shifting the magnetism from one portion of the soft iron pole pieces to other portions, the flux through the permanent magnets being substantially unchanged.

The main object of the present invention is tosimplify and render more eflicient instruments of the character described.

'As ancillary to the foregoing object, it.

instrument of Fig. 1, on an enlarged scale and with the horn 'partiall broken away;

Fig. 3 is a section. on t e line 3-3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 4 is a section on the line .4-4 of i Fig. 5 is a diagrammatic view showing the relative connections and arrangements of the electric coils; and

Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic view showing'a modified arrangement of the windings.

Referring to the drawings, the apparatus comprises a casing of cast brass having a body 1 from which extend the supporting legs 2 spaced 120 from each other and acover 3 having a central opening surrounded curing thcoils.

by the threaded boss 4 to which-the horn 5 is secured. 'Clamped between thecover 3 and the flat brass ring 6 is a diaphragm 7 which may be of mica. Secured against the ring 6 is a permanent magnet 8 of the, horse shoe type. Secured in magnetic relation to the poles of this magnet are two flat sort iron pole pieces 9 and 10, the pole piece -9 being clamped directly against the magnet while the other is spaced therefrom by sheet iron shims 11. The ring 6, permanent magnet, shims and pole pieces are secured to the cover byscrews 12. The ends of the pole pieces overlap as shown andthe overlapping ends are bifurcated to form respectively the legs 13, 14, 15 and 16 on which are respectively mounted-the coils 17 18, 19 and 20.

These coils are connected in series as shown in the diagram of Fig. 5 and are so wound and relatively connected that the coils on the two'legs of a poleipiece have opposite magneto-motive forces so that upon the passage of current the magnetism of one of the legs is weakened and the other strengthened. 'The two pole pieces and their coils are so constructed and connected that .the leg of one pole piece which has its magnetism strengthened on passage oi current through the coils is' opposite the leg of the other pole piece which has its magnetism weakened. For instance in the structure shown, upon passage of current through the coils the magnetism of the legs 13 and 16 will be weakened, while the magnetism of the legs 15 and 14 will be strengthened.

The terminals of the loop in which the coils .are connected are connected to the binding posts '21 and 22 mounted inbutvinsulated from the casing, the wires of the telephone circuit being connected with the binding posts upon the exterior,of the easg. Y It will be seen that-the pole pieces over 'lap each other and their bifurcated ends or legs are adapted to come against the coils on the opposing pole pieces respectively so. 1 as to hold these coils u on the legs. This forms a secure and simp ified manner of se- 'Between the bifurcated endsbf the pole pieces is mounted an iron' armature 23 which is supported by a flat sprin 25 of non-magnetic material" such as p o'sphor bronze, secured at one end- "to thet fastened to the pole piece 9, and at the other end secured by soldering, brazing or in other suitable ways to the armature 23 at a point substantially midway of its ends. To one end of this armature is secured by soldering, brazing or in other suitable ways,

' a bronze wire or operating rod 26., the other objects are where'it engages the sp end of this rod being secured to a diaphragm 7.

It will be observed that the only points of engagement of the armature with other and the diaphragm-operating rod 26. .This leaves the system of diaphragm and connected armature extremely free in its movementand sensitive to variations in the telephonic current. By suitable adjustment the spring may be torsionally stressed so as to place the connected armature and diaphragm in a desired state of, tension, and the flat spring 25 provides a torsional spring serving to properly position the armature and provide the necessary spring opposition to' the movement of the armature under changes in the magnetic action caused by changes in the telephonic currents. The sprin 25' thus combines in one element, where y simplification is realized, and by a single point of engagement with the armature whereby -sensitiveness of the instrument is increased, both the'pivotal support of the armature and the spring .pdsitioning means,

therefor. The sprin serves to maintain the armature so that is does not touch the pole I ieces and is adapted to do this independent- I y of any supporting efiect of the diaphragm so that the terminal on the diaphragm may pole pieces can be made any that is sired without considering the supporting of the armat ure, and

the movable element consisting of the spring, armature and diaphragm should be of 'such mass and qualit es as to provide the proper natural frequency for the instrument.

It will be noted that the spring upon which the armature is" mounted may be re- -ferred to as of the cantilever type, that is,

havin support at one side of the load only, the :ot er end being free.

It will beseen that the instrument is most simple in construction and that the receiving mechanism is mounted upon the cover so that it can be readily removed for in- :pection or repair. Itwill-also be seen that shimsll serve to' space one of thepolepieces 'from the magnet in an adjustable manner whereb the s acin betweenthe suita ly' a 'usted.

From the foregoing it wil appear that when .the telephonic current in the coils varies,- the armature willbe given a rotative movement about its point of support, the direction in which the armature turns depending upon whether the current through the coils is increasing or decreasing and that any movement from the normal is opposed by-the action of the spring. The armature, and through it the diaphragm, willtherefore oscillate in response to variation of current in the coils.

Instead of winding the ole pieces as in e the device of Figs. 1 to 5, t e armature ma be wound and the pole pieces, unwoun The instrument may be otherwise in all particulars the same as'that of Fig'slil to 5, the modification being shown in Figii ivherein the bifurcated legs13', 14', 15 and'16' are unwound while the armature 23, is provided with a winding 27 wound continuously in the same direction and producing one magnetic pole at oneend of.the armature and a magnetic pole of opposite olarity at the other end of the armature. Sue end of the armature will therefore be drawn in onev direction and the ofther endpf the armature in the other direction }y.l 1ereby 'a 'rota'tive movement of the armat'ijire about its point.

of support is produced, this movement being resisted by the su porting spring. The

armature will there ore vibrate in response to variations of current in the winding and, if the current reverses the armature will turn from one side of its normal position to the other.

. While; the invention has been illustrated in what are considered its best applications it may ,have other embodiments without departing from its spirit 'and is not therefore limited to the structures shown in the drawings.

What I claim is v 1. A telephone instrument comprising in combination a permanent magnet of the horseshoe type, bifurcated. pole pieces of. magnetic material secured in magnetic relation to the poles of said magnet respectively and located upon one and the same side of the major plane of said magnet, an armature rotatively mounted betweensaid pole endof which said armature is rotatively mounted and coils mounted on the legs of said pole pieces respectively and wound and connected to produce rotative movement of said armature on change of current through said coils and a diaphragm connected with said armature.

3. A telephone instrument comprising in the major plane of said magnet, an armacombination a permanent 'ma net of the horse shoe type, bifurcated poe pieces of magnetic material secured in magnetic relation to the poles of said magnet respectively and located upon one and the same side of ture rotatively mounted between said pole pieces and coils mounted on thelegs of said pole pieces respectively and wound and connected to produce rotative movement of said armature on change of current through said coils and a diaphragm connected with said armature, said pole pieces being spaced at diderent distances from said magnet 4. A telephone instrument comprising in combination a permanent ma I et of the horse shoe type, bifurcated po e pieces of .magnetic material secured in magnetic relation to the poles of said magnet respectively, an armature rotatively mounted between said pole pieces and coils mounted on the legs of said pole pieces respectively and Wound and connected to produce rotative movement of said armature on change of current through said coils and a'- diaphragm connected with saidarmature, and means .for adjustably spacing said pole pieces in relation to said magnet.

5. A telephone receiver comprising in combination'a magnet, an armature adapted to be acted upon by said magnet, coils adapted to affect the movement of said armature, a single spring upomwhich said arma ture is mounted and which provides a pivotal mounting therefor, and a diaphragmconnected with said armature.

6. A telephone receiver comprisingin combination a ma et, an armature adapted to be acted upon y said magnet, coils adapted to affect. the movement ofsaid armature,

- a single torsional spring adjacent the free end of which said armature is mounted and which provides a pivotal mounting therefor,

and a diaphragm connected with said armature. I

7. In a telephone I instrument the comv bination with a permanent magnet of the horse shoe type, flat, soft iron, bifurcated polepieces, one of said pole pieces being directly secured to said magnet and means spacing the other pole piece at a distance from said magnet, a flat spring secured to oneofsaid pole pieces, an armature-secured to the'end of said spring, a diaphragm, and, means for connecting oneend of said armature ,with said diaphragm, and "coils .mounted respectively upon the legs of said pole pieces, said coils being wound and connected to produce rotative movement of said armature upon change of current through said coils.

8. A telephone instrument comprising in combination a magnet, pole pieces for said magnet and coils on said pole pieces, said" pole' pieces respectively being" adapted to abut against the coils of their opposing pole pieces to prevent the coils from sliding 0!? their respective pole pieces, an armature between said pole-pieces and a diaphragm connected with said armature.

9. A telephone instrument comprising in combination a magnet, pole pieces for said magnet, said pole pieces overlapping each other and coils on said pole pieces, said pole pieces respectively being adapted to abut against the coils of their opposing. pole/ pieces to prevent the coils from sliding olf their respective pole pieces, an armature' 'betw'een said pole ieces and a diaphragm connected with said armature.

10. A telephone instrument comprising in combination a casing comprisinga body por tion and a cover, adiaphragm, a permanent magnet and fiat, bifurcatedpole pieces of .soft iron secured inma gnetic relation tdsa/id magnet and upon one and the same side of the major plane thereof, said pole ieces being spaced at ,difl'erent'distances om'said magnet, coils upon said pole pieces, a torsional spring secured to one of said pole pieces, an armature between said pole pieces and mounted upon said spring and means connecting said armature with saiddia phragm, said magnet, pole pieces, coils, spring, armature and diaphragm being mounted upon said cover.

11. A telephone receiver comprising-a flat 12. Intelephone receiver a substantiallyflat horseshoe permanent magnet, a substantially flat faced bifurcated pole piece mounted on each end of said magnet, a substan; tiallyv flat armature, a single torsional spring adjacent the free end of which said armature is mounted and a diaphragm connected to one end of said armature.

13. In a telephone 'receivera substantially flat'horseshoe ermanent magnet, a substantially fiat faced ed on each end of said magnet, a substan tially flat armature held in operative relation between said pole pieces by a single, cantibifurcated pole piece mountlever type, torsional spring whichis suplported on one of said pole pieces and which asits major plane substantially atvrightangles to the plane of the pole pieces and a diaphragm connected to one end of said armature.

14. In a telephone receiver a substantially fl t horseshoe permanent magnet, flat pole pieces associated with each end of said magnet, said-p ole pieces each being mounted on the same side of said magnet, a flat armaangles to the plane of said pole pieces, said ture in operative relation to and mounfd bespring being supported by one of said pole tween the ends of said pole pieces, the maior pieces. p planes of all of said members being paral e1, In testimony whereof I have signed this 5 said armature being maintained in operative specification this first day of April, 1922.

relation to said pole pieces by a singletorsional spring whose major plane is at right w I 'ZHENRY C. EGERTON.

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