US1586978A - Centrifugal pump - Google Patents

Description

June l 1926. l O. H. DORER GENTRIFUGAL PUMP' Filed Feb. s, 1921 lili.

,- 1m www@ Q/Wm Patented June 1, '1926.

UNITED- sTATEs PATENT 'OFFICE'.

4OSCAR II. DORER, or NEWARK, NEW JnnsnY, AssIGNoR To WORTIIINGTON PUMP AND MACHINERY CORPORATION, or 'NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION or vIR- GINIA.

CENTRIPUGAI. PUMP.

Application led February 3, 1921. Serial No. 442,043.

This invention relates to av rotary piston lluid pump of the class embodying means for propelling the fluid to the inlet of a radial 'due to the action of the `fluidl .peller at practically no pressure but in an of inlet flow the impeller may be operatedv axial direction with a rotational velocity, the effect. of which, in addition to decreasingthe shock-loss upon entrance to the impeller vanes and thereby producing a higher eiiciency, is also to permit of a higher operating speed for agiven head than is the case where the impeller is used alone.

`Furthermore, another contributing factor toward increasing the speed of the impeller for a given size lpump resides in the provision of screw propellers of gradually increasing pitch, and of larger diameter than the impeller inlet, so that with a given velocity at'a still higher speed, regardless of the r0- tational velocity above referred to, by reason of the fact that inasmuch as the operating head is determined by the peripheral speed, which is directly proportioned to the outside/diameter of the impeller, a smaller impreer operating at a higher speed for a give head maybe employed.

Also, the axial flow propellers arev spaced from the `impeller inlet to leave a chamber wherein'all the energy of the fluid leaving the propelling means is-transformed into rotational velocity in the same direction of roi tation as the impeller, prior to entering the impeller inlet.

4 -By reason of the foregoing features, a

' pump thus constructed is especially desirable for use with hot wells or as a tail pump where low inlet velocities obtain; and, also, the rotation ofthe fluid at the impeller inlet serves to provide a fluid seal .cutting off the vacuum from the impellerinlet with the ice vadapted to be driven 'less area than the result that it prevents pulsations in the imwhere the impeller is used alone.

In the drawings Flgure 1 is a verticallongitudinal section of a pump constructed in accordance with the present invention( (Figure 2 is a' perspective view ofthe combined. impeller and propellers.

Flgure 3 `is a developed plan of the axial flow propellerblades.

Referring now tothe drawings The p ump, as herein shown for vthe purpose of illustrating the principley of the -inl v ention, comprises a casing having the suctionchambers 1 and 2 disposed on either side'of a discharge chamber 3. l v The side walls 4 and 5 of the casing A are peller as often happens in this class of serv-r provided with the usual packed bearings 6 and 7, respectively, mounting a shaft 8 Arotationally by any suitable prime mover.

The side walls 9 and 10 of the discharge chamber 3 are provided with aligning apertures in which impeller guides 11 and 12 are disposed and which "confine a centrifugal impeller 13, which is fixed to the shaft 8 and bears against the usual guide rings 14 carried on adjacent faces of the two impeller guides 11 and 12. The impeller-'13 is divided. centrally by the web 15 into two sides thus providing the impeller 13 with two inlets;

l'and 17, or forming a double impeller.`

The shaft 8 carries screw type axial flow impellers 18 and 19 of opposing pitch and working in the guide rings 20 of theimpeller guldes l1 and 12, but said propellersjj18 and 19 are spaced from the impeller entrances 16 and 17, respectively, a sufficient distance to provide conversion lchambers 21 and 22 which, asv indicated, yare tapered as at 23 and 24 toward the impellerinlets 16 and 17 the impeller inlets being of considerably propellers for reasons hereinafter set forth.

The varies 25 of the propellers 18 land 19 are of screw form with gradually increasing pitch and, when developed, appear as in Fig. 3, thus doing work upon the fluid as it travels along the blades.

As will be seen from the development of the propeller vanes, the said propellers are of the overlapping vane'type, the vanes having variable angle, which'principle produces a quiet, even running pump capable of ef-v ficiently handling variable loads.

'of the fluid as it passes through the propeller,

pressure. This rotational velocity is substantially maintained in the chambers 21, 22, and as the fluid passes from-chambers 21, 22 to the impeller through the inlets 23 and 24, the reduction in size of the inlets relatively to the chambers 21 and 22 secures an increase in axial Velocity while maintaining the rotational velocity. The fluid thus passes to the impellers 18, 19 at relatively hi h rotational velocityand an axial velocity su stantially increased over the velocity in the suction.

The operation of the pump'y is as fol? Fluid entering the chambers 1 and 2 ofthe casing A. is acted upon by the propellers 18 and 19 which impart thereto a rotational velocity in the same direct-ion of rotation as that of the impeller 13. The axial velocity of theiluid entering the inlets 16 andr17 of the impeller 13 increases as the fluid passes through the reduced passages 23, 24 to the impeller inlets -with the result that the impeller receives the already iotated fluid at increased velocity and'in a solid body thus decreasing the shock-loss at the entrance ,to the impeller vanes and tending toA reduce the head generated by the impeller or, in other Words, due to the rotational velocity of the fluid on entering peller will run faster to generate a given 'headthan if the Huid did not enter the same with a rotational velocity.

In addition to the above the solid body of fluid produced by such rotational velocity at the impeller inlet acts as a seal to cut off the vacuum from the impeller thereby eliminatingv pulsations which are likely to occur when the impeller is used alone under conditions of varying load. f

The large diameter of the propellers 18 and 19 as compared with the inlets 16 and 17 of the impeller 13 permits of a decrease in outside diameter of the impeller 13 with -a consequently increased speed for ya given head; the reason for this being that the'outside diameter is strictly proportional to the peripheral speed and said peripheral speed determines the head.

1. The combination with a .casing having suction and discharge means, of a rotary impeller drawing fluid through the suction means and delivering through the discharge means, and variable pitch screw means in the suction means imparting rotational velocity but with substantially -no increase 'in4 the impeller 13 said imfv ,peller delivering fluid to the discharge,

. peller and increasing axial velocity to the iiuid be fore entering the impeller.

live'ring through the discharge means, and lvariable pitch screw means in the suction means at each side of the impeller for imparting rotational velocity and increasing axial velocity to the fluid before entering the impeller.

`3. The combination with a casing having suction and discharge means, of a rotary impeller drawing fluid through the suction means and delivering through the discharge means, and variable pitch screw meansin the suction means imparting rotational velocity and uniformly increasing axial velocity at substantially impeller suction presure, to the iiuidbefore entering the impel- 4. The combination with a casing having suction and discharge means, of a double im- 00 side of the impeller anddepeller drawing means at each livering through the discharge means, and variable pitch screw means in the suction means at each side of the impeller for imparting rotational velocity and uniformly increasing axial velocity at substantially impeller suction pressure to the iuid before entering the impeller.

A5. In combination with a casing having suction and discharge means, a rotary im. peller delivering fluid' to the discharge, and means in Fthe suctionl imparting rotational and axial, velocity to the fluid before entering the impeller and separated therefrom by a conversion chamber.

6..In combination' with a casinghaving4 suction and discharge means, a rotary an screw means in the suction imparting rotational and axial velocity to the fluid before entering the impeller and separated therefrom by a conversion chamber.

7. In combination with a casing having suction and discharge means, a rotary 'impeller delivering fluid to the discharge, and variable pitch screw means in the suction imparting rotational increasingaxial velocity to the iiuid before entering theimpeller and spaced therefrom by a conversion chamber. f

l8. In combination with a casing having suction anddischarge means, a double imconnected at each side with said suction, and means in the suction at each side fluid through the suction of said impeller and separated therefrom by '135 for imparting rotationto the fluid before env conversion chambers al and axial velocity tering the im eller.

-9. In combination ion iis

velocity and uniformly no el a double l peller. connected at each side with said suction, and screw means in the suction at each side of said impeller and separated therefrom by conversion chambers for impartingrotational and axial velocity to fluid before entering the impeller.

10. In combination with a casing havin suction anddischarge means, a double impeller connected at each side with said suction, and 'variable pitch screw means in the suction at each side of said impeller and separated therefrom by conversion chambers for imparting rotational velocity and unformly increasing axial velocity to the iiuid before entering the impeller.

11. In combination with a casing having suction and discharge means, a centrifugal t impeller delivering fluid to the discharge,

and iiuid propelling means rotating with 'said impeller and Separated therefrom by a conversion. chamber and delivering fluid thereto with a rotational velocity in the Same.

direction as the rotation of said impeller.

12. In combination with a casing having suction and discharge means,L a centrifugal impeller delivering Huid to the discharge, and fluid propelling means rotating with said impeller andseparated therefrom by a conversion chamber and deliverin Huid thereto with a rotational velocity in e same direction as the rotation of said impeller and with an axial component.

13. In combination with a casing havin suction and discharge means, a centrifuga impeller delivering fluid to the discharge, and screw propelling means rotating with said impeller and separated therefrom by a conversion chamber and delivering iiuid thereto withy a rotational velocity in the same direction as the rotation of said impeller and with an axial component.

14. Incombination with a casing havin suction and discharge means, a centrifuga impeller delivering iiuid to the discharge, an' variable pitch screw propelling means rotating with said impeller and separated therefrom by a conversion chamber and delivering fluid thereto with a rotational velocity in the' same direction of rotationas the rotation of said impeller and with a uniformly increasing axial component.

15. The combination with a casing having suction and discharge means, of a rotary impeller delivering Huid to the discharge, a propeller in the suction having a larger diameter than the eye of the impeller, and a conversion chamber between the propeller and the impeller.

16. vThe combination with a casing having Suction and 'discharge means, of a rotary impeller delivering fluid to the discharge, a variable pitch screw propeller in the suction having a diameter larger than the eye of the impeller, and va conversion chamber between the variable pitch screw propeller and the impeller.

17. The combination with a casing having suction and discharge means, of a rotary impeller delivering fluid to the discharge, a screw propeller in the suction having a lar er diameter than the eye of the impeller, an a conversion chamber between the screw propeller and the impeller 4having its impeller end contracted.v

18. The combination with a casing having Suction and discharge means, of a rotary impeller delivering iuid to the discharge, a

variable pitch screw propeller in the suct1on having a diameter larger than the eye of the impeller, and a conversionchamber between the variable pitch screw propeller and the impeller having its impeller end contracted.

' In testimony whereof, I have hereunto set my hand.

OSCAR H. DORER.

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