US1586363A - Scleroscope - Google Patents

Description

Iviay 25 1926.4

T. A. HALL scLERoscoPE Filed Sept '18, 1925 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented May 25, 1926.

Fries.

TRYGVE A. HALL, OF IPOUGHKEEPSIE, NEW YORK..

SCLEROSCOPE.

Application inea september is, 1923. serial' No. 663,421.

This invention relates to portable scleroscopes and hardness testers of the class in which a plunger released striker is adapted to travel in a graduated tube, and is more particularly .an improvement over my Patent #1,446,620 for a scleroscope, dated February 27, 1923.

In the mentioned patent, I disclose the construction of the graduated tube and a striker adapted to drop through the same with means to hold thestriker in raised position and also to release the same, with further means upon the striker and in thetube to catch and hold the striker upon rebounding from .a testobject.

Thel main object of th-e present invention is to introduce improved means to perform these functions, and incidentally, to improve the construction of the scleroscope as a whole. p

Referring to the drawing formingpart of this application F ig.l 1 is a vertical side section of an apparatus made according to mv invention with all parts in initial operative position.

Fig. 2 isa similar view with the striker released and the lower part of the apparatus omitted. .-1

Fig. 3 is a vertical section of the lower extremity of the scleroscope of Fig. 1 with the striker at the bottom with pawls rcleased.

Fig. 4 is an intermediate vertical section of the same instrument with the striker at rest in attained rebound position. 4

Fig. 5 is a front `view of the sam-e part` of the instrument. e

Fig. 6 is a cross` section of the scleroscope immediately above Fig. 5. i

Throughout the views in the drawings the sameV reference numerals indicate the same parts.

My new scleroscopel consists vof a main tube 1 screwed to a'base 2, and having the interior chamber 3 in which a striker 4'is adapted to move vertically. Above the striker a wide slot 23 is provided in the tube to permit easy access to the .interior when assembling the instrument, and in this slot is mounted a swinging member or trigger 21 adapted to rotate about a shaft 22. This pendant member is provided at one side of the center with .a spring 24 which contacts with the tube 1 to give the upper extremity 25 a decided tendency tooccupy a central position in chamber 3. Below the spring 24, the part 23 is formed into a hook 13 .adapted to engage the head 14 with which the striker kis provided, serving to retain the latter in raised position.

A kcap 27 `is screwed into the upper eX- tremity of tube 1,'and contains a compression spring 28, lwhile a plunger 29 which surmounts the instrument has a reduced portion 30 resting on the spring. Furthermore, the plunger is provided with a narrow neck 44 which passes through the cap and terminates below in a head 26adapted to contact withone side of'part 25, mediate effect of depressing the plunger would be to rswing member 21 into the position of Fig. 2, releasing the striker.

Thus, the im.

However, the construction of the striker comprises a body portion surmounted by a head, as noted, a reduced portion 2O having a flange 17, andan annular rib 16 on the body, the flangepand rib centering the striker in the tube'by slight contact with its interior. The lower -part ofther striker is furnished with a very hard steel head or rack 37 in sloty 36, ,whosel use will immcdi 'ately appear. The striker is provided with a slot 5 inwhich are located an escapement hook 6-f-8 and a 'double pawl 9-10.v The first hook is' adaptedby the hook 8 to engage either tip 9 or 10 ofthe pawl, but owing to theA limited movement possible to the hook l.S aboutfthe center 7, the tip 10 will never clear it and will therefore limitoutward swing of the pawl. .The pawl is provided `withl a .leaf spring 11v which is under `tension against "leg 6 of the escapemen't hook, and causes the pawl to tend to spring outf into the' tube slot 36. The trigger 21, on the other hand, terminates at its lower extremity in a finger 12 so related vin size and position to the pawl that when` and permit hook 8 to rise and lock tip 9.

lil

it is to be noted that while hook 8 is heavy in construction,'the tension of spring ll on the inside et leg (i will raise hook 8 when tip i) Within it because the spring is drawn up above the center '7.

iiheu the striker is caused to drop by depressing plunger 2t), as has been described, the suiker vfill dropl through the tube until the bannuer 1S passesinto aperture 3S in base and strikes a test surface upon which the scleroseope is standing at the Ltiine and as it strikes the momentum still retained by the hook 8 ivill cause the latter to drop, releasing tip i) of the pawl as in Fig. 3. Then robo li; g, the striker will rise to assume on like that ot Figs. et and 5, While tip Willeontaot with the rack 3i' on the u'ay up, but Will instantly engage the latter when thestriker comes to a stop,prevei iting itsdescent. The distance` ot' the.V rebound is, oit' course, a direct index of the hardness ot' any object tested, and in order to n'iakel possible the accurate reading of attained striker positions, a marked portion 4S is'provided to the striker. and primarily, aslot 43 in tube l through which to View4 the mark. The tube is flattened exteriorly adjacent the slot as at 47, and a pair yot' graduated strips secured on either side of the slot, a glass Lllfbei'ng. laid outside the st 'ips to protect the same and close the slot.

Ho\vever.,in order to completely assemble the instrument, an outer tube 32 is .fitted over tube l, and at. the bottom 'a iinishing ring Se secured, WhileY a capping tube'l is-titted over the upper portion of tube l and cap 27, the plunger; passing through the capping tube, anda second finishing ring or col-lar 33 joining the tubes to finish the Whole.

The base oi' the instrument is provided with a pair of transverse bottom rgrooves to facilitate accurate centering of the instrument upon' round shafts and like objects.

ltiiiiglit be mentioned, tina-ily, in regard to the striker, vthat if the latter actually til-led the bore 3 of tube l, it would not drop very rapidly because of air resist-ance, and toremedy this condition, a pair of op posit-e cor 1esponding clearance slots 40-40 in the body l and like 46' in flange 17 have beeneut, permitting a. free drop.

It the base of the,` instrument is now direct-ly placed on a surface which vis to be testedand then the plunger pressed Without disturbing' the instrument, the striker will drop and instantly rebound stopping at some mark on the, index strips. The "number on the strips indicated by striker mark 48 Will be the hardness number. Before leaving this point it may be Well to not-e" thatwhen the striker paivl has been freed by a drop, the paWl-spring is swung-- down slightlyfso that its lowerl extremity hasy practically passed the center 7, this extremity Will actually push down hook 8, thus reversing its :normal action.

Returning to the operation of the device, it but necessaryto invert the apparatus in the hand in order to cause the striker to ascend to initial starting posit-ion. lilhen the seieroseope is inverted, the striker will drop tou'ard trigger 2l, While finger l2 of the sanie will depress the paivl till hook il draps outside the paivl, locking the latter.

The trigger is, of course, momentai'iljvv rocked out off position by the head ot' the striker, butonly resumes its usual position when` the, striker has come to rest against tube stop l5, and hook 13 has caught striker head ld, Returning the instrument to normal position, it is again ready Jfor a test, and any number ot tests may thus be made.

Having new fully described my invention, .l claim i. .i scleroscope comprising a tube having a base and a pair ot longitudinal slots, :i raffk in one ofsaid slots and a graduated indicator beside the second slot, a striker movable in said tube having aretaining means comprising a head upon its upper portion anda Contact hammer upon its` lower portion, intermediately, a double paivl on said striker provided With a spring and adapted'to engage said rack, a hook on said striker contacting With said paivl spring- 'and adapted to engage said pau'l, and means on said tube to engage and release; saidV striker head.

2. A portable scleroscope comprising .i tube having interiorly a stationary rack, a movable striker adapted when in projet` ed position lto travel in said tube having a pendant p'axvl adapted to engage said rack, a pivot in said striker and an escapement hook mounted on said pivot in said striker having relatively long, light leg at oner side of saidpivot and opposite the same a relatively heavy short leg adapted to engage said paivl when in retracted position, a spring secured to said paivl adapted to rest against said long leg tending to raise said short leg and project said paul outward and means iin said tube to engage or release said striker comprising a catch hook and a plunger adapted to displace said catch hook.

3. :i seleroscope comprising a 'tube provided interiorly with a 'ulcium pin, a pendant' hook mounted on said. pin having a proje'rtion above the 'tulcrum pin,'a second project-ion below the saine, a spring on said hook incontact with said tube, a striker havinga Contact hammer'beneath the saine` and surniountiug the saine a head adapted to'be engaged by said pendant hook, a rack located in the sidel of said tube, a pendant paivl ypivoted in the side o-t' said striker adapted to engage said rack ivhen inreleased position and provided With a spring` engagingta part' of said striker to project [lili il l) Ill() said pawl outward, al stop for said striker in drawn position, said pendant pawl being adapted to contact with the lower portion of said pendant hook to be retracted there# by,l and a depressibleplunger in said tube adapted to engage the upper portion of said pendant hook to swing the same.

4L. An invertible seleroscope comprising a tube having inthe extremity thereof a projecting plunger and a hook pivoted Lwithin the tube in contact with said` plunger, a spring upon said hook in Contact with the wall of said tube, a striker adapted to reciprocate in said tube and adapted to be engaged by said hook, a rack in said tube, a

pendant pawl pivoted in the body of said` striker adapted when in released position to engage said rack in said tube, a projection upon said hook adapted to swing said pawl inward into inoperative positionk upon movement of said striker toward said hook,

a fulcrum pin in said striker body and an escapeinent hook mounted on said fulcrum pin in said striker adapted to engage said pawl when in normal inner depressed position, and a spring on said pawl adapted to be tensed against said escapeinent hook above the fulcruin thereof tending to raise l the saine when said pawl is in withdrawn position, and adapted when said pawl is in projected position to Contact with said hook below said fulcruin whereby to depress saidk hook.

' 5. A scleroscope comprising a tube, al

stop therefor secured in said tube, a head on said striker adapted to be engaged by said hook, a pendant pawl pivoted in` said striker, a projection spring secured upon one side of said pawl and an outer short pawl tip secured upon the other side of the pawl and intermediately an inner long tip, an esc peinent hook provided with a pair of different extremities and also pivotally mounted in said striker adapted at one eX- tremity to engzfige either of said pawl tips and within ythe other extremity adapted to eiigage the interior of said striker and partially envelop said projection spring, said long pawl tip being so relatively pi'oportioned that only the short tip may escape and project against the inside of aforesaid tube, said long tip thereby providing a limit for said pawl together with said escapement hook` and a second projection on aforesaid pendant hook adapted to engage and depress said pawl within the limits of said striker.

6. In a scleroscope, a striker clutch and release device comprising a tube of the chai acter described, a trigger hook movably mounted in said tube, an upper and a lower projection on said hook, an intermediate hook anda spring secured thereto and projecting therefrom to the wall 'of said tube, a plunger adapted to contact with said hook and adapted upon depression thereof to displace said hook, a striker body, and a pendant pawl mounted in said body, a spring n on said pawl and a pair of spaced points on said pawl, van escapement hook pivotally mounted in said striker body, a long arm and an oppositely disposed'shorter arin terminating in a hook adapted when in retracted y,position to engage the outermost point of l said pawl and adapted to engage the inner second point when in projected position to limit the projectionof said pawl, said pawl spring in said retracted pawl position being adapted to be tensed against: said long hook arm above the pivot mounting of said hook and thereby raise the shorter hook arm and thus lock said pawlin retracted position, said spring inprojected pawl position vbeing adapted to contact with` another portion of said escapement hook to depress said hook and thereby prevent return of said pawl,

ysaid pawl being adapted to contact with one.

of the project-ions yof aforesaid trigger to retract said pawl and lock said escapement hook. i

'7. A scleroscope comprising a tube, a rack in said tube and a striker adapted to slide in said tube, a pair of spaced pivots in said striker, a pawl mounted on one of saidpivots and an escapeinent hook mounted on the other, a spring on said pawl adapted to contact with said escapeinent hook, a straight arm and a hooked ariiion said escapement hook, said hooked arm being adapted to engage saidpawl when the lat-ter is in withdrawn position, and said pawl being adapted to engage said rack when in projected posi tion, and means in said tube adapted to contact with said pawl to retract-'the same and to permit said hooked arm to engage and lock said pawl.

8. In a scleroscope having a with a rack therein, a striker comprising a striker body, a pair of spaced pivots, a pawl l mounted on one of said pivots, an arched es-` capenient hook mounted `on the other pivot and partly enveloping said pawl, ar weighted arm on said escapement hook and a hook on said arm adapted to engage said pawl when the saine is in withdrawn position, means to project said pawl to permit the pawl to engage said rack, means insaid striker to move saidhook into engagement with said' pawl in the retracted position of the latter and means in said tube to depress said pawl.

9. In a scleroscop-e striker, arstriker body,

a pair of spaced and parallel pivots, a pawl mounted on one of said pivots and an eseapeinent hook mounted on the other and in tube provided iso the saine plane with said pziwl, means to project said pziwl, means to lock and retain said pnwl in retracted position comprising zi hook upon said eseiipenient hook, :ind means to retain sind hooi; in raised position in engagement with said pri-W1.

l0. In i seleioseope, a striker n'ieehiinisin comprising zi striker body, pivotsin sind body, :i hook mounted on one pivot rind zi piiwl mounted on iiiiothei pivot, ii main tip on said pnwl adapted to be engaged by'siiid hook and ieiatively of u length to be pei*- iniiiiently captive Within the comin-es oi said hook, zi second irelzii'iveiy shorter tip on seid pand adapted to be engaged by Enid hook when the piiwl is in retrzieed posit-ion but adapted to project beyond siiid hook when in projected posiiioiniind ineens 'to project said piiwi from said hook comprising i spring,` between seid pziwi and seid hook.

ll. in ai seieroscope, :i striker meeiiiuiisiii comprising ii striker body, ai )und pivoted iii said body7 zi hook mounted in sii-id bodj,7 :ind :adapted to envelope sind pziwi and to engage sziid piiwl when in iei'iiieted position, iind means to pro-j eet said piiwl and also lto move said hook into engagement -with said pziWl comprising zispiing secured upon said pziwl and adapted to slide upon the inside of sziid piiwi-inouiited on oneo said pivots and an esciipeinent hook mounted on they other pivot,

nieiiiis toprojeei' said piiwl beyond. said hook,

zi relatively light arm von sind eseapenient hook ind :i weighted :nini oii-sziid esezipeinent hook,v n hook on said Weighted arm, siiid hook bein-g adapted to said pnwl when the laitier in retractedposition, and sind Weighted erin being iidzipted i'o Wii'hdre-W said hook from said piiwi by `Virt-ue of its moineni'uni upon n'ioifeiiient oi' said striker and inesins to retain said hook norii'niiiy on engagement with said pzin'i when.

iii n'ihdrii-wn position. Y

in esiinionnif' whereof l have :ifiiied my signature.

TRYGV A. QHALL.

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