US1578953A - Means for the burning of pulverized fuel and gas - Google Patents

Description

March 30,1926. N 1,578,953

-V. Z. CARACRISTI MEANS FOR THE BURNING OF PULVERIZED FUEL AND GAS Fled'May 23, 1919 2 Sheets-Sheet l ATTORNEY' Patented Mur. 30, i926.

UNTED STA-,TES

` VXRGINIS Z. GARACRISTI, 0F BRONXVILLE, NEW YORK, ASSIGNOB TO LQCOlEOTIVE PULVERXZED FUEL GOMPANY, 0F NEWYRH, Thi. Y., A CORPORATIQN 0F DELA- WARE.

MEANS FOR THE BURNING OE PULVERXZEI) FUEL AND GAS.

Application tiled may 23, i918. Serial No. 299,327.

To all wlw-m 'it may concern:

4 Be it known that l, VluoNiUs Z. CARA- oiusrz, e citizen of the United States, and u resident of Bronxville, in the county of 1il/estchcster and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improve ments in Means for the Burning of Pulverized Fuel und Ges, of which the following isa specification.

The present invention relates tonnprcvements in nieuns for the burning of pulverm ized fuel und ges and has particularly for un object the eiiicient burning of low grade conbustibie gas in combination with the burning of pulverized coal, by utilizing the pulverized coal as e regenerative or auxiliary heating agent to assist in the complete conn bustion of the gas. lt will be. understood, however, that other auxiliary fuel than p ulverizecl coal may be utilized in the burning Vof 4low grade gus to producen regenerative or uxilieryheating eect upon the gas ec cox-ding to my invention.

Low grade ges is burned with difficulty under ordinary conditions. Certain meth-- ods heretofore in use consisted in passing e current of low grade gus over a body of coal re which supplied heat for eiiectmg complete combustion of the gas, but from whichno other direct benefit was obtained, i. e., the net result upon the heet absorbing parts of the furnace was only-the heating eiiect obtained from the burning of the gas. Heet for the seme purpose has also been provided by means of large regenerative reverberatory brick surfaces in the furnace.

As indicated above, l aim to overcome all such difcultie's and effect complete conibustion of low grucleges to the best advantage by heating the gus with uuXilier fuel, prefcrabiy in suche Way that bot the gas and the auxiliary fuel contribute din rectly to the useful heating effect. For this purpose, I may provide u fiume of pulver-ized fuel and sir in combine-tion with a. ges Hume, and may so arrange the combustion apparatus or furnace thutthe ges is 'forced 'into or through the current ot pulverizecl fuel in its progress to the stuck. As the gus ruines into the current of pulverized :iuei under these conditions, the incandescent particles of coal will become surrounded by un intimate l(even molecular) mixture of the combustibles of the ges with oxygen,-

sufficient uir to support combustion being fed in with the gas. Thus innumerable combustion zones will be created in the furnace und complete combustion of bot-h coul und gus obtained, 'with maximum heating etl'cct from botli,- tl1e one acting conteinpoiul neously es un auxiliaryhesting ugent for bringing about the complete combustion ci the other. l

lu the accompanying drawings:

.Figure l is u, vertical sectional View of u furnace of the vboiler type embodying one form of my invention; l

Figure 2 is e front elevation of thc type of burner employed in the embodiment of my invention shown in Figure l;

Figure 3 is u horizontal sectional view taken along the line 3-3 of Figure 2;

Figure. 4 is u Vertical sectional vieu' teken along the line -lof Figure 2; and

AFigure 5 is u diagrammatic 'View showing on e ot' the minute combustion zones comprising an incandescent particle of coul und molecules of combustibles of the gas und oxygen surrounding the suine. A

Similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several ligure-s of the drawings. l

Referring to Figure 'l of the drawings, the 'furnace shown therein comprises u. coinbustion chamber l0 with e orwurdly projecting mixing 'space 1l in the top wull 12 of which there is mounted an ugrighli coznbinution pulverized fuel and gesburncr. the

gus burner portion being adjacent. the lip-- right or perpendicular front wall lf'l oi the furnace. The front wall 13 is provided with auxiliary uir feed openings 13 having dempers 13, und "with u iowcr clcunout opening 13C. I

in Figures 2,. 3 und 4, l have illustrated the combination burner us conuiirisiug u lower casing 14 ot' rectangular cross section into which entend the ends of the pulvcrized fuel feed pipes 15 fwhch ure surrounded by uir channels 'i6 open to the :'xtlnoslihere at i7 und udapted to be controlled by dempers 18. Seperate streams of fuel ere induced through the sevcrui pipes l5 by 'ste-Lun or uir jet: nozzlees i9 und these streams ot' fuel with the surrounding sir from the channels 16 ure separated by streams oi' uir entering ico lli

are controlled by dampers 23. By this means of feeding and mixing fuel with air, there is obtained a more perfect mixture of the fuel and the combustion air, which permits rapid combustion to take place.

In front of the fuel burners there are a pair of gas burners with their outward end portions 2li and 25 directly in front of the pulverized fuel burner outlets. These gas burnersextend in oppositely inclined directions, as atv26 and 27, to the sides of the fuel burners, where they are connected to the vertically disposed air inlets 28 and 29 and the horizontally disposed gas inlets 30 and 31. lVithin the gas burners are a plurality of spaced hollow walls or casinos 32 between which the gas iiows from the inlets 30 and 31, and through which air flows from the air inlets 28 and 29, with which the spaces Within the walls are in communication. The gas becomes mixed with the air.as it emerges from the outlets of the burners.

In Fig. l the heavy arrows indicate the fiow of pulverized fuel and air, while the light arrows indicate the flow of combustible gas. The combustion chamber 10, it will be seen, has exit for flame and products of com` bustion at its rear, over a barrier or. bridge wall 33 at the rear of the chamber. The combustion stream of pulverized fuel directed downward into the front portion ,il of the combustion chamber 10 from the corresponding burners descends and curves rearward therein, finally doubling on itself and escaping at the exit over the wall 33. The stream of lou/grade combustible gas (with air) directed downward into the space ll from the corresponding burners in front of the pulverized fuel stream likewise descends and curves rearward in the combustion chamber, in front or outside of the pulverized fuel stream,-in reference to the combustion chamber and the exitv over the wall 33. In other words, the streams of pul- Verized fuel and gas are introduced into superposition as and after they4 enter the furnace, the current of pulverized fuel and air being uppermost in 4the furnace in its progress to the stack.l

The rear wall V33 of the furnace 1s of such height that the lower edge or limit Vof the stream or current of pulverized fuel.

and air passes just over the top of said wall; and thus there is formed below and in front of said stream a gas confining space bounded by the stream, the rear Wall 33, the floor of the furnace, and the front furnace Wall 13. In this space, a primary heating of the gas is produced by radiation from the Walls of the furnace (as indicated by the small arrows r34f),---'as well as by radiation and conduction from the juxtaposed burning fuel stream to some extent.

By the time the liaming pulverized fuel stream has about reached the lou.7 point of its remesa through the superjacent current of pulver-I ized fuel approaching and passing over the barrier 33,-as clearly indicated by the iight arrows in As the gas iiame is drawn into the. flame of pulverized fuel and air,l each of the innumerable incandescent particles of coal 35. (Fig. 5) in the latter 'becomes sur-rounded with a zone of ylow grade `was and air. In this gas zone, the combusti le molecules 36 of the gas and. the oxygen molecuies 37 of the air form, again innumerable minute com bustion areas about the incandescent ear:l bon particle, which are heated and kept in combustion by its combustion andy incandescence. Through this auxiliary heating of the low grade gas with its admired supply of oxygen, compiete combustion of the gas is secured, as weil as of the coal. Thus the gas and coal iiames are fully and com pleinentarily deveioped and maintained, witlrmaximum efficiency and heating effect from both fueis, and without loss in the final application of heat parts of the furnace or boiler.

It will be understood that the burner may be a single' unit comprising pulverized fuel feeding means and gas feeding means, or the pulverized fuel feeding means and the gas feeding means may he separated, the arrangement desirable for the purposes of my invention being one such that gas is fed in combination with an auxiliary fuel in sepa-- rate -superimposed streams, and the gas forced into the current of the auxiliary fuel in such manner that the incandescent particles of the auxiliary fuel furnish auxiliary Fig. 1,

heat for the complete combustion of the I have illustrated and described preferred and satisfactory embodiments of my invention but it is obvious that changes may be made therein within the spirit and scope thereof as defined in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. Apparatus for burning fuels Ain e furnace provided with means creating a draft comprising a combustion chamber havin a waste outlet in an upper part, means 01' admitting pulverized coal in an upper part of the chamber'to one Iside of the said out- `let and adjacent/iwal] of the chamber and to the absorbing in a downward direction, and means for La7-spes .t

separately -dmitting a combustible gas ir'ito a'downward direction, and means for seacv, the combustion chamber lin the upper part rately admitting a combustible gas intothef thereof in a downward direction into fthe `combustion chamber in the upper., gmt 'i5 l space between the descending coal and such thereof -in a downward direction into the wall. space betweenv the descending col and 'such 2. 'Apparatus for burning fuels in a furwall,together with means or'admtting ir nace lprovided with means creating a ,draft through such wall. j', j v r comprising a combustion chamber having a In testimony that he'claims thevoregoing `Si! Waste outlet in an upper prt, means for ads' his invention, he has signedA his name mitting pulverized coal in an upper part of hereunder.

the chamber to one side oi the said outlet i and adjacent a wall of-the chamber andfin i .,VIRGINIS

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