US1576185A - Steam and hot-water boiler - Google Patents

Description

March 9 1926.

r 1,576,185 I. J. FRENCH STEAM AND HOT WATER BOILER Filed Dec. 12, 1922 4 ShOQtS ShGBt 1 INVENTOR r401 1/. Trend),

March 9 1926. 1,576,185 7 I. J. FRENCH s'rs'm AND HOT WATER BOILER 4 Sheets-Sheet? Filed Dec. 12, 1922 36a INVENTOR l9 Irwin Dena/ 33 M r&

' ATTORNEYS March 9 1926.

l. J. FRENCH STEAM AND HOT WATER BOILER Filed Dec. 12, 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR frw in Ji'ren ch ATTORNEYS March 9 1926.

I. J. FRENCH STEAM AND HOT WATER 1301mm Filed De c h 12, 1922 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Patented Mar. 9, 1926.

lJNlTE STATES PATENT IRWIN .ir. nnnncn, or 'rrr rsnunen, PENNSYLVANIA, .assicnon o1 one-item" o, ALBERT c. soon, or wrtnlnsnuns, PENNSYLVANIA,

Aim memes-a BOIL R.

.hpplication filed December 12, 1922. Elerial No. 606,368.

To all whom may concern; I

Be it known that .l, IRWI J. Fanncrr, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pittsburgh, in the county oil Allegheny and State ofPennsylvania, have inventec certain new and useful improvements in Steam and Hotater Boilers, of which the following is a. specification.

The invention has for an object to provide, in a boiler of the character mentioned, an improved fluid circulating means including a heating tube arranged for passing directly through the midst of the live coal in the lire box, and which. is especially provided for absorbing the combustion in the middle of the lire, which combustion in the conventional form of boilers of the type mentioned, is usually wasted, since only the surface heat has heretofore been utilized and absorbed by the water around the fire box. 7

Further-more my invention embodies certain improvements in the grate connections that constitute a part of my complete 7' proved boiler and wl'iich are designed for such operation that only the line ashes from the fire pot or chamber can sift through into the ash pit.

With other objects in view and which 30 will hereinafter appear, this invention consists of a boiler construction which embed ice the peculiar arrangement and novel combination of parts set forth in the fol lowing detailed description, specifically 35 stated in the appended claims and illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a perspective view of a square shaped boiler in which is embodied my improvements.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal section there or taken substantially on the line 22 of Figure 3. t

Figure 3 is a transverse section on the line 8-3 on Figure '2.

Figures 4.- and 5 are diagrammatic perspective views of circular shaped boilers with my improvements applied.

Figure (3 is a sectional elevation of a :further modified type of boiler having my im 50 proved arrangement of" heating and crown tubes and the said view also illustrates how the boiler can be arranged as a magazine teed boiler;

Figure 7 is a diagrammatic perspective view of an end portion of another form of boilei 'hereinaft'er mentioned, the position of the heating tubes used in connection therewith being indicated in dotted lines.

Figure 8 is a perspective view which il lustrates the cylindrical grate sections and the grate bar with which the said grate sections cooperate, the several parts being shown separated. I Figure 9 is perspective view of one of the end rests for the grate members. 7

Figures 10 and 11 are diagrams hereinafter specificallyreferred to. p In tie drawings, Figures 1 to 3, the boiler is indicated as of square shape and composed of a series of individual sections or units, comprising two hollow end sections 11 and a number of intermediate hollow sections 2-2, the latter, with the opposite or end sections 1-1, constituting when coupled up, a boiler body having front, back and opposite ends base flanges; 10 for resting on the surrounding rims of cast base which constitutes the ash pit portion of my improved boiler. The front end of the base portion is provided with; an ash pitdo'or 31-thatis hinged to a rectangular frame 31 carried by the base. i v

The ash pitor base structure of my improved boiler comprises from and back end portions 3 and side portions 33-33, the front portion having all opening to register with the door 31 d i The base structure end and side portions may be shaped for being readily asse' n} bled without the use of bolts andrth'e like and the corners of the said back and front ends 3 and corresponding corners or the opposite side members 33 33 are each formed with separated and dove-tailed flanges 32*3J and each adjacent set ol said flanges, w ion the ends and sides of the base are assembled, form separated hollow dovetailed sockets 35-35 having vertical slots at their inner base or side, the suit; slots 35 in each corresponding set of sockets 35 being inalignment, as is clearly illustrates in Figure 3. a V i i Q 'lheseveral dove-tailed sockets 35in addition to forming-means that aid in holding the end and side members of the base structure together, when theseveral parts are operatively assembled, also function as a means for supporting the peculiarly $l flped grate rests or sup-ports 1.8, one, of which is shown in detail in Figure 9 and will be presently further referred to.

The several sections or units which constitute the boiler body are, as before stated,

hollow cast and when assembled to their opis established by tubular push nipples'6 ('see Figures 2 and 3) which will be hereinafter further explained. 1

It will be observed that the inlet 11 is in I approximate alignment with the lower front water passages between'the several sections, from which it will be readily understood that circulation of the heating fluid through the front, back and over the top is greatly aided. K

The several inside or intermediate sections of the boiler body are constructed alike, each ing with like openings 2425 in the adjacent intermediate units to provide clean out and clinker openings, as will be presently further explained.

The openings 24 serve to provide for the ready placement of the clean out doors 5. The clinker openings 25, before mentioned, are so positioned with respect to the grate surface of the boiler as to provide for the ready breaking up of the clinkers that lodge on the grate members 37 hereinafter described in detail.

Like the openings 24 the clinker openings 25 are normally closed by doors 50.

The adjacent two centrally disposed intermediate boiler sections have transverse openings 27 at the front end which extend across the full width of such end and when the several units are assembled the several openings 27 constitute the fuel feed open-' ings, as is clearly shown in Figures 1 and 2.

The said fuel openings are adapted to receive the sleeve cast on the inner face of a door holding rectangular frame 71, which carries hinged thereto a door 7.

At their front, back and top surfaces each of the several units, which, when assembled, constitute the boiler body, may have clovetailed assembling lugs 28-28, so located upon the faces of their respective units and relatively to the push nipples 6, before menhold the several sections or units in their desired assembled adjustment.

By thus constructing the several boiler sections or units, a simple and effective assembling means is provided whereby the parts are tightly and practically assembled in such a manner that the strain of assembling is exerted upon the individual unit and not accumulatively as in the case of a bolt drawn assembly.

To prevent the clamps 8 from becoming accidentally displaced, the said clamps when fitted in operative position, may be secured by clamp screws 81 that thread through the clamps 8 and engage the boiler body, as shown.

To provide for the free circulation of the heating fluid through the several boiler sections and at'the same time effect a practically'fluid-tight closure between the several sections or units when they are assembled, as is best shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, each of the units or sections has apertures 102O and these at the outer sides are finished to provide smooth contacting surfaces.

As is best shown in Figure 2, the several fluid passages 10 -20 are located midway the sets of clamping lugs 2828 adjacent thereto, the reason for which will presently appear.

. The fluid openings or passages 1O2() are so located that when the sections or units are assembled, the passagesin the abutting walls of adjacent sections or units register in such manner that they will close and fit tightly over the tubular push nipples 6 and since the said push nipples 6 are located midway their adjacent sets of operative lugs 28, it follows thatby so locating the boltless elements for clamping the sections or units together a positive fluid-tight joining of the several parts is provided for, since the maximum drawing up strains of the adjacent sections or units is located at the places where most needed for effecting the desired fluid-tight connection of the several sections or units, as before stated.

Each boiler unit or section is formed with hollow passages or crown baffles 29 and those of the central units 2 are joined centrally thereof with a hollow drop crown 29*, all of which are in circulating communication with the heating fluid and positioned in such a manner as to present a maximum area of heat absorbing surface to the passing products of combustion, (see Figures 2 and 3).

Each said central unit is provided, at such places as is found desirable, in practice, with openings 23 which aid in cleaning said sections of the said core after casting. The openings 23 are closed by screw plugs 23*.

As is well known to those familiar with the manufacture and use of boilers of the type mentioned, the heat in the boiler fire box is generally consumed by internal coinbustion and only the surface heat is ab sorbed by the water surrounding the lire box.

In my construction of boiler each intermediate boiler section or unit is formed with a heating tube 36 which extends across from the lower front to the lower back edge of the section, as best shown in Figures 2 and 3. The heating tubes 36 are preferably oval or elongated shape in vertical direction and are cast integral with or have their opposite ends in communication with the water spaces in the front and back walls of the boiler section of which they form a part;

By providing a cross tube 36 along the lower end of each intermediate boiler section or unit, as stated, the said tubes pass through the midst of the live coal in the fire box when the boiler is working; I

By referring more particularly to Figures 2 and 3 ofthe drawings, it will be noticed the several tubes 36 divide the lower part of the fire box into a series of separatec-hambers or pockets 1? each of which communicates at the front end with a clinker opening and since the-lower end of each cross tube 36 is disposed between the adjacent faces of a pair of cylindrical grates 8T, (presently further explained) any one of the separated fire box poclrets 1'? can be conveniently cleaned out as may be necessary, without disturbing the remaining portions of the lire box. 7

By providing the cross heating tubes 36 and arranging them in the manner shown and described, the efiiciency of the boiler is materially increased by reason of the said heating tubes absorbing the combustion in the middle of the fire box, a combustion heretofore wasted, before mentioned.

It is understood when it is desired to remove one or more of the boiler units or sections for cleaning or repairing, it is only necessary to drive oil the clamping 'clevices 8 that join the section or sections to be removcrhthus making it possible to conveniently remove and restore a unit or section without materially disturbing the connected arrangement of the remaining boiler sections.

In my construction of boiler and in the preferred form thereof, as shown in Figures 1 to 3, the grate is composed of a plurality (five being shown) of rotatably mounted members each of which is in the nature of a basket grate composed of three sections 37, each provided with a noirci'r cular axial bore 37 to adapt them to slidably litonto a cast steel bar 38 which is formed with rounded ends or journals $39-$18 for fitting socket bearings 1'8 in the grate rests or supporting members 18 hereinbefore mentioned and one of which is detailed in Figure 9.

The journal portions 38? of the bars 38 at the outer end thereof, are sufliciently long to extend through apertures d0 in the front end or the boiler base and then terminate in non-circular heads 41 for receiving a shaker or crank handle in the usual way.

As is best shown in Figure 3, the cyline ders 37 of two adjacent grate members have such close relation and are so :lesigned that the said grates will afford the desired agitation of the fuel when rocking the said grates and at the same time permit only the fine dust to go through the grates, the clinker-s being kept at the top surface of the grate and by reason of the separated fire pot pockets 17 formed vbetween the adjacent pairs of tubes 36 the said clinlrers are held for being readily pulled out through the clinker openings 25 through the front wall,

of the boiler when the clinker doors therefor removed,

To provide against clogging of clinkers between the adjacent faces of the outermost ones of the grates 37 and their adjacent in ternal walls of the opposite end section's 1010, the latter have grateelike flanges 37* along their inner edges, as is indicated in Figure 3.

A boiler as constructed and described provides for a compact assemblage of the dilferent parts or sections and in such man nor that the operation of setting: up the boiler can be effected in a minimum amount of time and labor, since the time and labor usually required for connecting boiler sec tions or parts by bolts or rivet devices is saved as all that is necessary for assembling the several sections of my improved con"- struction of boiler, into operative condition, and to secure the parts in rigid relause, is the driving on of the clamping do vices 8 that engage the dove-tail lugs 28, on the boiler sections, as before described, and as clearly illustrated in the drawings.

As before mentioned, the grate members are mounted in grate supports 18 located within the front and back end confines of the boiler base In my arrangement,-tlie said supports 18 also function to aid in holdingthe front and back ends and the opposite sides of the base structure firmly together.

Each of the grate supports 18 includes 0 posite pendent ends 19- that turn inward y at an angle of substantially 45 and at their top and bottom ends the said inturned members 19 are formed with a dovetailed vertically slotted hollow lug 16 and the said ends or webs 19 that carry the upper and lower lugs 16-46, are

adapted for sliding into position through the vertical slotways 85 formed between the clove-tail guides 35 in the corners of the base structure, as is bestshown in Figures 2 and 3.

Figures 4 and 5 of the drawings diagrammatically illustrate circular types of boilers with my improvements embodied thereon, and when applied to such types of boilers a pair of heat tubes are preferably extended across the fire chamber, the latter, as shown, being substantially square. shape in the horizontal plane. In the form shown in Figures 4 and 5 a plurality of crown tubes 36 are also provided.

l/Vhen arranged as shown in Figures 4 and 5, the body portion of the boiler is formed to seat on a base cast with an internal flange 39 that constitutes the rest for the boiler body.

WVhen but two heating tubes are used, as shown in Figure 4, a grate section 37 is located between the abutments of the two tubes 36, and other grate sections 37 are located between the tubes 36 and their adjacent walls of the fire box, the lower internal edges of which terminate in gratelike flanges, as indicated.

When the grates are arranged as shown in Figure 4, the outer journals thereof that project through the front wall of the boiler each carry a chain wheel 77, the several wheels being adapted for engagement with the endless sprocket chain 78, as is best shown in Figure 5, which figure also shows a journal in the center grate bar extended for being engaged by a shaker or crank handle. I

In the form shown in Figures 4 and 5 the said body may have wedge shaped locking flanges or lugs 79 adapted for cooperating with a top or crown section (not shown) which, in practice, is also provided with hke lugs for being coupled with the lugs 7 9by clamp devices, such as is shown in my pre-. ferred construction hereinbefore mentioned.

YVhen the number of grate bars shownin Figures 4 and 5 are used, the clinker doors are preferably arranged as shown n Figure 5.

Figure 6 diagrammatically illustrates another type or form of boiler with my improvements embodied therein. In thlsparticular form, the boiler front or side is formed with a fuel opening 85 which is adapted for receiving the sleeve or cuff of a magazine or filler device 86 whose flange or throat portion is'so shaped that it can be snugly entered into the said flue opening.

lVhile my improvements are particularly designed for the building up of new boilers along the line stated the heating tube feature may be readily adapted for or applied to high pressure boilers already installed. For boilers already installed, the heating tubes 36 may have their ends suit-ably shaped for being either welded or riveted in the boiler casing, as is indicated in Figures 10 and 11.

In this application I lay no claim to the base and grate structure per se since that forms the subject matter of an application filed Jan. 11, 1924, Serial No. 685,709, patented May 27, 1924, Patent No. 1,495,475.

From the foregoing taken in connection with the accompanying drawings the complete construction, the manner of manufacturing and setting up my improved boiler and its advantages will be readily apparent to those familiar with the manufacture and fore mentioned.

lVhat I claim is:

1. A boiler composed of end and inter-- mediate sections fitted together side by side and enclosing a fire box, surrounded top, sides and ends by a water space, a base and grate structure over which said sections set, said base and grate structure including cylindrical-cage grate elements extending from front to back with their axes substantially aligning with the joints between said sections, said cages projecting up above the bottom plane of said sections, vertically elongated water tubes extending from the front to the back of said intermediate sections through the fire box and communioat ing with said water spaces, said tubes projecting between said adjacentpairs of cylindrical-cage grate elements and extending below the level of the top of said grate elements into proximity with the same.

2. A boiler of the boltless type including a body enclosing a fire box surrounded front, back, sides and top by a water jacket, a base structure onto which said body is set, grate elements mounted on said base structure and including rotatable cylindricalcages which project up above the bottom of said body into the fire box thereof, said body having vertically elongated elliptical water tubes extending parallel to the grate elements from front to back of the fire box and in planes intermediate the axes of adjacent pairs of grate elements and connected with said water jacket, said tubes extending down between said adjacent grate cages and into proximity thereto.

IRWVIN J. FRENCH.

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