US1573680A - Agglomerating machine - Google Patents

Description

1 Feb. 16 192,6. 1,573,680

PQA. I. CUVELIER AGGLOMERATING MACHINE Filed Feb. 29, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 Feb. 16,1926. 1,573,680

P. A. CUVELIER AGGLOMERATING MACHINE Filed Feb. 29, 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 EzaezzZan @ZZVVZMZ l a'yaza '62 I a Q Feb. 16 1926. 1,573,680

P. A. CUVELIER AGGLOMERATING mourns Filed Feb. 29; 1924 4 Sheets-Sheet;

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fgr're c1222"; ('wvek'er Patented Feb. 16, 1926.

UNITED STATES 1,573,680 (PATENT OFFICE.

PIERRE ANSELME IeNlicE oUvELIEIc-oF HAUZBOURDIN, FRANCE.

AGGQLOMERATING MACHINE.

Application filed February 29, 1924. Serial N0. 696,027. 2

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, PIERRE ANSELME IGNACE CUvELiER, citizen of the Republic of France, residing at 79 Place de lHospice, Haubourdin, Nord, France, have invented new and useful-Improvements in Agglomcrating Machines, for which I have filed applications in France, Mar.'27, 1923, now issued as French Patent 564,397, and in Great Britain, Dec. 21, 1923, Serial Non 32,112, 1928, and of which the following is a speci fication.

The present invention relates to a machine for moulding building blocks of the type utilizing a ramming mechanism combined with a jigging or vibratory mechanism; It

The controlling means for the ramming mechanism and for the mechanism for removing the cores from the mould, this latter operation being effected by the presscylinder which also serves for the two jigging or vibrating operations,

And also showing device for removing the cores from the mould and the like.

Fig. 2 is a sectional plan of the lower portion of the machine.

Figs. 3 and 8*, read together, show a side elevation of the machine.

Fig. t is a plan view of the upper portion of the machine and, 1

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of a'block manufactured by the machine.

The .agglomerating machlne, shown in the I drawing, comprises four guides 1 which are fixed to the core-removing frame 2 surround ing the mold. lateral walls 3 (Fig. 1) of an end wall 4 and front wall 5 (Fig. 3 The bottoin6 of the mould comprises a removable plank 6 which rests upon a stay 7 supported by a cross piece fixed to the frame of the machine and engages at 8 in a notch formed in the base of the lateral walls 3 of the mould. The frame of the machine is formed by guide columns 9, serving as guides for the frame 11 of the rammer lO. The columns 9 also The mould consists of two fixed casing 13 of the press-cylinder, the controlling mechanism 14, 15' for the compressed fluid, the ram-cylinder 16, and the support a cross bar 12 which carries the press-cylinder 17. The press cylinder 17 is carried by a movablecross bar 17 which in turn 1s connected by bars 18 and stays 19 to the' core-removing frame 2. The press cylinder 17, through the connections 18 and 19, serves to impart a jigging or vibratory motion to the frame 2 and also to remove the cores from the mould.

The core-removing frame 2 surrounds the mould during the ramming and jigglng operationsand catches 2O engaging pro ections 21 on the mold connect said frame and mold together during these operations. Thev mould carries projections 21 and 22,- by

which the mold-may be engaged to transport it from the machine to the drying apparatus.

With this end in view, the projections 22 of the mould rest upon the elevating frame 23 of a transporter carriage, the fixed frame 24: of which hassupporting grooved wheels moving upon triangular rails 25 fixed to the frame of the machine at its extremity.

The mold,comprising the parts 4, 5, 6, is divided interiorly into a series of compartments, each of which constitutes a mouldelement for moulding one or more blocks.

In the present case, (Figs. 1 and 2) these mould-elements are four in number, each of which can mould two blocks. One-0f these blocks is shown in horizontal section at the upper left-hand corner of Fig.2 andin perspective in Fig. 5. 28 represents the inter iial divisions of the mould; 27 shows the cores forming the hollows in the blocks; 26

represents the bars rigidly fixed to the cores by angle-irons and connecting these cores together; these bars, as well as the divisions 28, passing freely through" vertical slots 47 (Fig. 2) formedin the top of the walls of the mould, the ends of said bars and diviassemblage of these bars, divisions and cores forming a rigid partitioned structure which, 1

sions being fixedto the frame 2, the entire sheet metal plates or shutters 42 which can ings 40 of the carriage.

pivot about axes 41 in the adjustable bear- These cavities, whose number and arrangement correspond to the rows of blocks to be moulded, receive in succession the mixture from the hopper during the movement of the carriage below said hopper, as will be seen below, and then discharge itinto the mould, when the car riage has been brought into position above them, by the simultaneous manipulation of the shutters 42. For this purpose the shutters are subjected at their lower ends to the motion of helicoidal cams 35 carried by a shaft 34 journalled in the carriage 39 and provided with a hand-wheel 33, these cams being so arranged as to open or close the shutters 42 at will, according to the direction of rotation of the hand-wheel. Each pair of cams comprises two helical parts extending only upon a portion of the periphery of the shaft 34 and of opposite pitch and the shutters tend to open under the excess of the weight of their lower parts when empty, as well as when full, so that extensions 42 formed on their lower ends bear constantly against said cams, the pitch of these latter, combined with the friction on the shaft 34, being such that said shaft always remains in any position into which it has been brought. hen the shutters 42 are opened by means of the hand-wheel 33 the material contained in the cavities 44 falls into the moulds, being preferably guided in its fall by the inclines 45 with which the cores 27 are provided (Figs. 1 and 3 In order to vary the extent to which the cavities 44 can be filled, additional metal plates 43 are preferably mounted, so as to be able to slide, upon the plates or shutters 42. j

The carriage is filled automatically during its passage under the hopper 30, the register 31 of which opens and closes by means of abutments. The carriage 39 also actuates, by any suitable means, the discharge and distributing vanes 32 of the hopper. This device has only been shown in Fig. 3 in a diagrammatic manner and by way of example.

Filling of the moulds is effected in a plurality of stages preferably in two stages at equal volumes, each filling operation being followed by a jigging or vibrating operation and then by ramming.

The vibrating or jigging operation is effected by imparting to the frame 2, after having engaged catches 20 of said frame under the teeth 21 of the mould, a vertical reciprocatory movement by means of .the press-cylinder 17 acting through the inter mediary of the bars 18 mentioned above. lVith this end in View, air is admitted by means of the valve 14 into the press-cylinder 17 so as to raise it and consequently to raise the frame 2 and the mould, whereupon this air is allowed to escape so as to allow the press-cylinder 17 and the mould to sink. This double operation is repeated as often as necessary. In this way a series of vibrations is obtained which enables the material to pack together in the mould.

The ramming operation is effected by means of the ram 10 driven by the piston 16 mentioned above. With this end in View, the distributor 15 is actuated so as to cause the air below the piston 16 to pass to the upper face of this piston. Equilibrium is distributed by the weight of theram 11-10 which falls into the material contained in the mould. In order to avoid the formation of ridges, which might result from the fact that certain portions of the surface of the mould have not been rammed, the head of the ram 10 has slots 10 which engage exactly with the connecting bars 26 and the divisions 28 and the height of these bars 26 28 is such that after the second or final filling of the moulds, the upper level of the said bars is flush with the surface of the non-rammed concrete, whereas after the second ramming and before final removal from the mould, their lower level is flush with the level of the compressed block. It follows that the portions under the bars and divisions 26, 28 which are consequently not rammed, are finally at the same level as the rammed portions, whereby the formation of portions in relief is avoided.

After this second ramming operation the cores as well as the internal partitions are removed from the mould by means of the same ap iaratus as was used for the jigging operation, that is to say, by the help of the press-cylinder 17 and the devices 18, 19, 2, 26, but after having disengaged the catches 20 from the lugs 21 so that the mould remains in place. In this movement. the assemblage of the cores 2?, their attachingbars 26 and the internal divisions 28 of the mould slides through the head of the ram until it contacts with the frame 11. At this moment, the base of the cores stands some distance above the level of the mould and this latter can there fore be easily removed and transported to the drying room.

The transportation of the mould to the drying room is effected ,bymeans of a carriage 24 running on triangular rails 25 (Fig.

hopper to be filled and is then brought directly above the mould and its-contents are discharged into the mould by opening the shutters 42 by means of the hand-wheel The carriage is then brought under the hopper for the second filling and .the first jig-1 ging operation is carried out, to be followed by the first ramming operation as descr bed.

After the ram has been raised, the car riage is brought back in a, filled condition-to its position abovethe'mould and the second series of operations, namely, the filling of the mould, jigging and ramming iseffected as before, the ramming being stopped when the block has-been lowered to the desired height. The ram is then secur d in any suitable manner. Theram being secured against movement and thebase of the head of the rain 10 being in contact with the compressed block's, removal of the cores is effected byv partitions 28. After the cores have beenremoved, air is admitted under. the piston 16, which results in raising the ram. "There is now no obstacle to the transport of the mould 3, 4, 5, to the drying room by meansof the carriage 24. WVhen it arrives at the drying room, the mould is lowered-by means of the lift-carriage 23-so as to deposit the plank 6 upon a support placed thereunder. mould is then opened, which is effected by removing the front movable wall 5 and swinging the two lateral walls 3 about the rear wall 4. After having raised the said walls by means of the carriage, the mould is raised and a second plank 6 is inserted in the recesses 8 of the lateral walls of the, mould and this latter is carried back again to the machine, in which the accurate guiding of the fixed frame 24 upon therails 25 ensures its correct positio'nup'on the stay 7; the device comprising the members 2, 26,27, 28, is lien allowed to descend again for. the next 5 moulding operation, theframe 2 falli'ng'into the mould and the'elements 26, 27, 28 falling around the mould and within the slots formed in said mould.

This machine presents, among others, the following advantages: I

The actuation by compressed air is applicable to the three operations of ramming, jigging and removing the cores, these opera tions being combined in the same machine and effected by means of controlling devices The (1.6, 17 which'are of reduced size'and are wellprotected from dust.

The combinedjigging and core-removing devices render it possible, while greatly reducing labour charges, to reduce to a considerable extent the number of unbaked blocks a (fragile products) which are broken during their transportation from the machine to the drying room,- while at the same time ensuring that the mould is positioned exactly and ming operations. I a The method of operation of the devices for removing the cores 27 and theinter'nal divisions 28 of the mould is mechanical; on the other hand,-the opening of the mould in the drying room, which, is effected by hand by moving the walls apart or by removing them, enables a considerable reduction in the resistance to removing the blocks from the Vmc-uld to be effected, so that it is possible to mould a greater numberof blocks at a single operation. This system of removing the blocks from the mould, moreover, renders it possible to blocks. The blocks are generally formedto the number of eight at each operation and are practically twice as long as they are broad,

and the thickness of their middle wall is generallydouble that of their side Walls.

The invention has only been described and shown by way of example and in no way limitatively, and it is obvious that various modifications could be made therein without departing from the spirit of the invention.

I claim: 7

1.' An agglomerating machine comprising in combination a mould, means for delivering a charge of material to said mould, means for imparting a pgging motion to said mould and means for ramming said material in said'mould, all said means-being actuated by compressed air. a

- 2; An agglomeratlng machine comprising in combination a mould, means for delivering a charge of material to said mould,

means for imparting a jigging motion tosaid mould and means for ramming. said material in said mould, all said means being actuated by'compressed air and the operations being effected each in twostages.

3. An agglomerating machine comprising in combination a mould, a carriage for supplying a charge of material to said mould, means for imparting a jigging motion to. said mould, and, means for ramming said material in said mould, said carriage and the 'jigging and ramming means being all actuated by compressed air.

4. An agglomerating machine comprising in combination a hopper for the material a mould, a carriage movable by compressed air under said hopper to receive a charge firmly upon the frame of the 'machine,- wv-hich is absolutely necessary for the ramproduce shaped of material and capable of being returned by compresseed air to deliver the charge to said mould, and means actuated by compressed air for imparting a jigging motion to said mould and for ramn'iing the material in said mould.

5. An agglomerating machine comprising in combination a mould, a hopper containing the material, a carriage movable by compressed air undersaid hopper to receive a charge oi material and adapted to be returned by compressed air to deliver the charge to said mould, means actuated by compressed air for imparting a jigging mo tion to said mould and for ramming the material in said mould, and means for transferring said mould to a device for transport ing it to a drying mechanism.

6. An agglomerating machine comprising in combination a mould, a hopper containing the material, a carriage movable by com pressed air beneath said hopper and adapted to open said hopper to receive a charge, means actuated by compressed air for returning said carriage to a position above said mould to deliver the charge to said mould, means actuated by compressed air for returning said carriage to a position above said mould to deliver the charge to said mould, means actuated by compressed air for imparting a jigging motion to said mould and for ramming the material in the latter.

7. An agglomerating machine comprising in combination a mould, a hopper containing the material, a carriage movable by compressed air into position beneath said hopper to receive a charge, means operated by said carriage to open said hopper. and to actuate vanes for discharging the material therefrom into said carriage, and means for returning said carriage by compressed air into position for discharging the material into the mould.

8. An agglomerating machine comprising in combination a mould, a hopper containing the material to be agglomerated, a carriage movable by compressed air into position beneath said hopper to receive a. charge, means peratecl by said carriage to open said hopper and to actuate vanes for discharging material therefrom into said carriage, means for returning said carriage by compressed air into position for discharging the material into the mold, and means operated by hand for allowing the material to fall from said carriage into said mould.

9. An agglomerating machine comprising in combination a mould, a hopper containing the material, a carriage adapted to be moved by compressed air into position beneath said hopper to receive a charge and then into position above said mould to deliver said charge, a ram for acting upon the material in the mould, a cylinder actuating said ram by compressed air, a press-cylinder and means actuated by compressed air in said press-cylinder for imparting action to said mould.

10. An agglomerating machine for male ing hollow building blocks, comprising in combination a mould, cores in said mould, means for delivering a charge to said mould, means for imparting a jigging motion to said mould and means for ramming the material into said mould and a core-removing mechanism operated by said jigging means.

11. An agglomerating machine comprising in combination a mould, a hopper containing the material, a carriage adapted to be moved by compressed air to said hopper to receive a charge and also by compressed air to a position above said mould, said carriage comprising pivoted plates, manually operated means for allowing said plates to swing so as to allow the charge to fall by gravity into said mould, means for imparting a jigging motion to said mould and means for ramming said material into said mould.

12. In a machine of the class described the combination of a mould, a hopper containing the material to be agglomerated, a carriage adapted to be moved by compressed air under said hopper to receive a charge, said carriage comprising pivoted plates a jigging adapted to be locked in position to hold the I charge.

13. In a machine of the class described the combination of a mould, a. hopper containing the material to be agglomerated, a carriage adapted to be moved by compressed air under said hopper to receive a charge, said carriage comprising pivoted plates adapted to be locked in position to hold the charge and means for releasing said plates to allow them to pivot under the weight of said charge to allow it to fall into the mould.

14. In a machine of the class described the combination of a mould, a hopper containing the material to be agglomerated, a carriage adapted to be moved by compressed air under said hopper to receive a. charge and to be moved by compressed air into the position above said mould to deliver the charge, the receptacles of said carriage being formed by pivoted plates, a shaft mounted in said carriage, helical surfaces on said sha'tt adapted to hold said plates in closed relation and manually operated means for rotating said shaft to release said plates to allow them to pivot under the weight of said charge to deliver it to the mould.

15. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a mould, a. hopper containing the material to be agglomerated, a carriage adapted to be moved by compressed air under said hopper to receive a charge and to be moved by compressed air into position above said mould to deliver the charge, plates pivoted on said carriage to term receptacles for the charge, a shaft mounted in said carriage, helical surfaces on said shaft, a handivheel. on said shaft for the purpose of rotating it to cause said helical surfaces to hold said plates in closed relation or to permit them to pivot under the weight of the charge to deliver this latter to the mould.

16. In a device of the class described, the combination of a mould, means for delivering a charge of material to said mould, means for ramn'iing said material into said mould, a press-cylinder, projections on said mould adapted to be engaged by means actuated by said press-cylinder to impart a jigging action to said mould.

17. In a device of the class described, the combination of a mould, means fordelivering a charge of material to said mould, means for ramming said material into said mould, cores in said mould, a bar to which said cores are attached, means for imparting a igging motion to said mould, saidjigging means acting subsequently to remove the cores from the mould.

18. In a device of the class described, a mould consisting of side Walls hinged together and a removable plank inserted in notches in said side Walls to form the bottom of the mould.

press-cylinder carried by said columns, a mould, a hopper containing the material, a

carriage, actuated by compressed air, to take a charge from said hopper and to deliver it to saidmould, means actuated by compressed air in said press-cylinder for 1mparting a igging motion to sald mould and a 'am actuated by compressed air in said by said columns, a. press cylinder mounted concentrically around said ram cylinder, a mould, ahopper containing the material, a carriage actuated by compressed air to take a charge from said hopper and todeliver it to said mould, means connectingsaid presscylinder to said mould for imparting a jigging motion thereto by compressed air, and a ram actuated by compressed air in said ram-cylinder for ramming the material into said mould. i I

21. An agglomerating machine comprising guide-columns, a ram cylinder carried by said columns, a press cylinder mounted concentrically around said ram cylinder, a mould, cores adapted to fit in said mould, a bar surrounding said mould and fixed to said cores, a hopper containing the material, a carriage actuated by compressed air to take a charge from said hopper and to deliver it to said mould, means actuated by compressed air in said press-cylinder and impart a jigging motion thereto, means for ramming the material into'said mould and means adapted to be'actuated by said presscylinder and connected to said bar for removing the cores from the mould.

PIERRE ANSELME IGNACE CUVELIER.

adapted. to be connected to said mould to 19. An agglomeratmg machine compns mg guide-columns, a ram cylinder and a

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