US1573405A

US1573405A - Gun

Info

Publication number: US1573405A
Application number: US19837A
Authority: US
Inventors: George S Lewis; Earl B Smith
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1925-04-01
Filing date: 1925-04-01
Publication date: 1926-02-16
Anticipated expiration: 1943-02-16

Description

Feb. 16 1926. f 1,573,405

G. s. I Ewls ET AL GUN Filed April 1, 1925 47 44 f/g'g 36 J-Qml 2Q j H2127 jgf INVENTORS.

j ATTORNEY.

Patented Feb. 16, 1926.

GEORGE S. LEWIS, OF SPRINGFIELD, .AND EARL B. SYITH, 0F CHICOPEE FALLS,

MASSACHUSETTS. I

GUN.

Application tiled April l, 1925. Serial No. 19,837.

To all 207mm. it may concern.'

Be it known that we, GEORGE S. Lnwis, a resident of Springfield, in the county of Hampden and State of Massachusetts. and EARL B. SMiTH, a resident of Chicopee Falls, in said county and State, both citizens of the United States of America. have jointly invented a new and useful Gun, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to in'iprovements in guns, and more particularly to the type of guns commonly known as rifles, and consists essentially, of a stock and a barrel of any approved and suitable type, a slotted frame receivable in said stock and adapted to have said barrel attached thereto, and being equipped with a trigger having a sear, a latch-provided breech-block mounted on said frame with a cut-out plate between. and attached to said frame by means of screws passing through the slots therein, a springpressed firing-pin bolt in said breech-block, and an ejector in said frame and operated by or in connection with said breech-block, which latter with said plate is adapted to be moved longitudinally on the frame. together with such other parts and members as may be necessary and desirable in order to render the gun or ritie complete and serviceable in every respect, all as hereinafter set forth.

The primary object of our invention is to produce a gun which, while simple in construction and operation, and inexpensive to manufacture, is strong, safe, and efiicient, and. consists of parts that are practically the fewest possible, can be easily and quickly assembled, and are not liable to get out of order or become broken or damaged.

Further objects are to provide a gun with a structurally simple frame, and to provide meansitherein to prevent the firing-pin from coming into Contact with the cartridge at the time the breech-block is completely closed on' a cartridge during the loading operation.

rll'he barrel of this gun or rifle can be easily and quickly detached from the stock and frame, and as easily and quickly attached thereto. and the operation of detaching` said barrel from said stock releases said frame from said stock.

Other objects and advantages will appear in the course of the followingdescription.

We attain the objects and secure the advantages of our invention by the means illustrated in the accompanying` drawings, in which Y Figure 1 is a side elevation of a rifle which embodies a practical form of our invention; Fig. 2, a longitudinal, vertical section through. said rifle, taken on lines 2 2, looking in the direction of the associated arrow, in Fig. 3; Fig. 3, an enlarged bottom plan of the frame and attached parts of said rifle; Fig. et. an enlarged top plan of said frame and certain of the parts attached thereto and carried thereby; Fig. 5, au enlarged, longitudinal, vertical section through said frame and parts, on lines 5 5, looking in the direction of t-he associated arrow, Fig. Ll; Fig. 6, an enlarged bottom plan of the breech-block and firing-pin bolt; Fig. an enlarged cross section through said breech-block and bolt, on lines 7 7, looking in the direction of the associated arrow, Fig. 6; Fig. S. an enlarged, longitudinal, vertical section through said breechblock, showing portions of said bolt in elevation; Fig. 9, an enlarged side elevation of one of the breech-block screws; Fig. 10, an enlarged top plan of the cut-out plate.

Similar reference characters designate similar parts throughout the several views.

In the first two views adjacent end portions of the stock and barrel of a rifle are represented at 1 and 3, respectively, and in Fig. 3 appears the breech portion of said barrel. The stock 1 has an integra-1 forestock, is equipped with the usual trigger guard 4, and hollowed out longitudinally in the top portion to receive what is termed a frame 6, and the breech portion of the barrel 3. The barrel 3 is secured to the frame 6 adjacent to the forward terminal thereof by means of a screw 8, and said frame at such terminal is secured to the stock 1 by means of a screw 9. The frame 6 is equipped at the rear terminal with a trigger 10 which extends downwardly through a slot 11 in the stock 1. Extending forwardly from the slot 11 in the stock 1 is a slot 12, andy in front of said last-named slot is a slot 13. T he stock is recessed to accommodate the head of the screw 8, and has a passage 14 therethrough for the screw 9; An annulus 15 is fixed in the bottom of the passage 14, and prevents the screw from being entirely removed from the stock 1, due to the fact that the screw-threaded upper portion of said screw is larger than the lower portion thereof, and too large to pass through the opening in said annulus. On the bottom of the barrel 3 is a lug 16 which is received in a slot"17 loc-ated in the frame 6 back of a screw-threaded opening 18 in said frame for the screw 9. The screw 3 is passed upwardly through Vthe slot 17 into a tapped opening in the lug 16.

It will now be seen that the frame 6 and t-he barrel 3 are securely held together by means o-f the lug 16 and the screw 3, and that both said fra-me and barrel are securely held in the groove in the stock 1 by means of the screw 9, the sides of said groove holding the frame and barrel against lateral 'displacement.

The trigger 10 at the upper end has an integral sear 19 which is received and operates in a slot 2() in the frame 6 adjacent to the rear en'd thereof. The trigger 10 at the upper` end back of the sear 19 is mounted on a. pivot pin 21 which extends through the sides of the frame 6 and across the slot 20. In front of and a little above the horizontal plane of the pivot 21 is a stop pin 22, which also passes through the sides of the frame 6 and across the slot 20. The pin 22 is in position to limit the upward movement of the scar 19 and the forward Inoveinent of the trigger 10. The back part of the trigger 10 projects beneath and beyond the rear end of the slot 20, and a spring 23 is pocket-ed in such projecting part and arranged to bear against the under side of theV frame 6 at a point back of said slot.

Normally the spring 23 retains the trigger 10 in its forward position with the sear 19 in contact with the pin 22 or with parts above the upwardly projecting hook of said scar.

lThe frame 6 consists of ay bar having therein, in addition to the tappped opening 18 and the

slots

17 and 20, the two.l former being in the longitudinal center and the latter Aadjacent to one longitudinal side of saidV bar, two slots 24 which are located adjacent to the other side of said bar, a notch 25 between said last-named slots and opening through said last-named side o-f the bar, and a groove 26 in the longitudinal center of the bar. The forward slot 24 opens at the top into the bottom of the groove 26, and the'slot 17 also opens into said groove at-the forward end ofthe same An extractor 27 is slidingly arranged in the groove 26, said 'extractorvhaving on top a notched projec- Ation or lug 28 of ordinary construction to receive the shell of the cartridge and engage the rim of said shell. In the extractor 27 behind the lug 23 is a recess 29 the inner longitudinal edge of which is in line with the inner longitudinal edge of the forward slot 24. The recess 29 opens through the longitudinal edge of the extractor 27 which is .ward terminal portion and the lug 23 of the ejector 27. Mounted on the frame 6 isa thin, cut-out plate 33 that has therein two holes 34 to receive the screws 31, and a notch 35 which is in position to align with the notch 25.

vMounted on the plate 33 is a breechblock 36, and this breech-block has therein two tapped. openings 37 extending from the bottom upwardly. The openings 37 are in position and adapted to receive the screws 31. The screws 31 are passed from below through the frame slots 24 and the plate These screws are adapted to fit and openings 34, and screwed upy into the openf ings 37, to hold saidplate and said `breech- `block on said frame. lVhen the screws 31 are first inserted, the breech-block 36 is Ymoved forward until the openings 37 are directly over the forward ends of the slots 24, which enables thev screw keys 32 to enter the countersunk recesses 30, as said screws are turned up into said openings. Y The screws 31 are not turned up far enough un duly to bind the parts, and are left so that the keys 32 can enter the slots 34 back of the recesses 30. The forward screw 33 passes through the recess 29 in the extractor 27. The slots 24 and the recess 29 are of sufficient length to permit the breech-block 26, with the plate 33, and the extractor 27 to be moved longitudinally to the extent required,and as will hereinafter be explained. Although the recess 29 is shorter than the slot 24 below, said recess is of sufficient length to permit the front screw 31.to move some little distance in either direction without moving the extractor 27,

In the side of the' breech-block 36 which is adjacent to the notches 25 and 35, is a notch 33 that opens through thebottom of' said brcecheblock to receive a latch 39. The latch is pivotally connected at 40 with the breech-block 36. The pivot 40, after being passed late-rally through the inner terminal portion of the latch 39, is dropped intoy a slot 41 milled in the underside of the breech-block in position properly to locate said pivot, and two filling blocks 42 are forced into said slot onv opposite sides of said latch and below said pivot to retain the saine in place. The latch 39 is thus a1'- ranged to enter the slots 35 and 25, when thebreech-blocl, with the plate 33, is located. withV the slot 38 Iin alignment with said first-named slots, and said latch is turned down on the pivot 410, and to lock said breech-block and prevent the same from being moved longitudinally in either direction Sliding-ly arranged in a longitudinal slot '-l, ot suitable size and sli pe in the breechblocl; Se, is a bolt -ll which is provided at its lorward rnd with an integral firing-pin The slot el?) opens through both ends and the bottoni ot the breech-block, and is adjacent to the side thereot which is opposite to that in which is located the latch notch 38. rlhe front end the breech-block is recessed in the usual manner, above the rear end ot' the tiring-pin 45, as shown 4-6, to receive the rim ot' the cartridge shell. it

the rear end of the bolt A is a handle or knob Al, and in the unser side ot said bolt,

over the sear 19, are two notches The front notch lo is the arresting notch, and the rear notch i8 is the cooking notch. N mally the cooking notch S is covered by the plate below, so that the sear hooi; can not enter said notch. The bolt -ll intermediate oi its ends is cut down trom above to torni front and rear lugs or shoulders e9 and 50. respectively, and space between for a spring 59. A pin 5l is inserted in the breech-block and passes through the sides thereot and the slot therein, in 'front ot the shoulder 50, and the latter' is normally retained in engagement with said pin by means ot the spring 52 which is located in the slot l-l between said pin and the shoulder The parts and members ot this ritle are assembled in the following manner:

The spring 52 is inserted in theslot d3, the shoulder e9 is over the trent end ot said spring, and the bolt et-l is drawn rearwardly and said spring compressed between said shoulder and the pin 5l until said bolt can he pressed into said slot, wherein it occupies the position best shown in Figs. G and S. rFhe extractor 2l is placed in the groove 25, the plate 33 is placed on the trarne G i Lbh the openings Se over the openings 3'1",fthe breech-block 36 is placed on said plate, and the screws Si are inserted and arranged in the manner previously described. rl`he barrel 23 is attached to the traine 6 by means ot the screw 8, and the trigger l0 is inserted in the openin T ll while at the saine time said frame and barrel are placed in the grooved 4top ot the stoel; l. And lastly the trame and barrel are secured to the stock by means oit the screw 9.

To remove the barrel and frame trom the stock, it is simply necessary to turn the screw 9 downwardly out ot engagement with said trame. and litt the parts from the stock.' Upcn removing the screw 8 the frame and barrel can be detached. It it be desired to remove the breech-block from the trame, the breech-block is moved forward, after the barrel has been detached, until the screws 3l 1re in theV forward ends ot the slots 24, id scr-ews are taken out. lVhen the lustich-block detached, the bolt 4d and t can be removed therefrom without diihculty.

Then the parts are assembled, the barrel s the breech-block trom being moved d 'tar enough to carry the heads of i ews 3l into the recess 30, consequently leys 32 are always in the slots 34, and l Y said screws are prevented from and becoming loose. oading operation is described as folrlie lat'li Si) is thrown up, and the breech-block 536 is drawn back, by means il 'l. Y 1 1"' or the Lne-o li,

and through the medium of bolt and the spring {i2-see dottedlne positions in Fig. l. lVhen the breechbloe; moves rearwardly, said breech-block arr-ies with it the cut-out plate 33, through the medium ot the screws 3l. At this time the pl ,te 33 contacts with the hook ot the scar 3D, which hook normally projects above top ot the trame (3 into the path. oty said and in position to enter the notches d8, and rocks said sear on the pivot 21 downward* and carries the trigger 10 rearwar/Cx J, against the resiliency ot' the spring Also, at this time, the forward screw 3l aztuates the ejector 27 rearwardly tar enough to position the lug, 28 about midway between the breech-block and the barrel 3. The cartridge (not shown) is now introduced into the space between the breechblo-ck and barrel, and placed in the notch in the lug 2S, with the rim of said cartridge behind said lug. Next, the breech-block is moved 'torwardly to advance the extractor and the cartridge, and push the latter into the 1nari-el. ln moving forward with the breech-block the plate clears the sear 19, and the spring 223 rocks said sear upwardly into the path ot' the rear or arresting notch l-8,br t the front or cooking notch 48 remains covered by saidL plate, so that said sear can not enter they same. The parts are now in the positions shown in `Fig. 2, and the bolt is held against Yt'orward movement by the sear in engagement with the arresting notch 48 at the rear end ot the same. rl`he loading operation is finally completed by torcing` the breech-block Jforwardl against the breech ot the barrel, and into the position shown by tull lines in -Fig. l, and thus moving the cartridge as tar forward as it vill go, with the extractor lug 28 in the reccasV provided tor the same in the breech ot the barrel., and the rim ot the cartridge in the recess -i-(S in the trent end ot the breechblock, and throwing the latch 39 down into the notches 35 and 25 in the plate 33 and frame 6. During this final :movement of the breech-block the sear 19 holds back the bolt 44, and it is necessary to exert sutiicient force on said breech-block to overcome the resistance of the .spring 59.-, which is compressed by the pin 5l as said pin moves with the breech-block away from the shoulder 50. Since the breech-block moves rearwardly while the bolt ist remains stationary, the forward end ot' said breech-block passes beyond the corresponding end of the tiring-pin 45, and the latter is prevented from contact-y ing with the cartridge at the. time the latter is riinally seated ready to be tired. Thus all danger of premature discharge is prevented.

To-re the rifle which has been loaded in the manner described above, grasp the knob 47 and draw back the bolt 44:, against the resiliency of the spring 52, until the sear 19 snaps into the front or cooking notch 48, and pull the trigger l0. l/Vhen the trigger l0 is pulled, the sear 19 is withdrawn from the cocking notch 48 and the bolt 4:4; is thus released to the spring 52, which latter immediately acts to drive forward with great lforce said bolt, and to project the tiring-pin against the rim of the cartridge,thus causing the latter to explode.

The empty cartridge shell is withdrawn from the barrel 3 when the breech-block 36 is next retracted, since the extractor 27 is carried'rearwardly with said breech-block. T he lug 28 either withdraws the empty shell entirely from the barrel, or else to an extent sufficient to enable the shell to be thrown out, depending, of course, on the length ot' the shell. i

More or less change in the shape, size, construction, and arrangement of some or all ot the parts of this gun may be made,

.withoutdeparting -from the spirit ot' our invention or exceeding the scope of what is claimed.

W'h'at we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

l. In a gun, a frame equipped with a seal', a breech-block slidingly mounted on said iti-ame, and a spring-pressed tiring-pin bolt in said breech-block, said bolt having there.- in arresting and coc-king notches, and said breech-block being provided with ar inember which closes the entrance to said cocking notch except when said bolt is drawn back into tiring position.

2. ln a gun, a trame equipped with a sear, a breech-block slidingly mounted on said "trame, la plate between said frame and breech-block and attached to thel latter, and a spring-pressed firing-pin bolt inl said breech-block, said bolt having therein arresting and cooking notches, and said plate being adapted to cover said cooking notch except when said bolt is drawn back into tiring position.

and provided with a scar, a non-rotating non-tilting breech-block slidingly arranged on said frame, a spring-pressed tiring-pin bolt in said breech-block, said bolt having notches to receive said sear, and said breechblock being provided with a member into the path ot which said scar projects.

5. In a gun, a. frame, a spring-pressed trigger pivotally connected with said frame, and provided with a. sear, a breech-block slidingly arranged on said frame, a springpressed tiring-pin bolt in said breech-block, said bolt having` notches to receive said sear, and said breech-block'being provided with a member which normally closes the'entrance to one of said notches', and into the paths of which said sear projects.

6. ln a gun, a frame, a cut-out plate mounted on said frame, a breech-block mounted on said plate, means to attach said breech-block and plate to said frame and permit them to slide together thereon, a spring-pressed tiring-pin bolt in said breechblock, said bolt having notches therein, and a trigger pivotally connected with said frame and provided with a sear which is in the path of said plate and adapted to enter the notches in said bolt.

7. In a gun, a'frame having` slotstherein ends, a breech-block and a. perforated cutout plate mounted on said frame, a springpressed ring-pin bolt having notches therein in said breech-block, screws adapted to be passed through said slots and the perforations in said plate into threaded engagement with said breech-block, said screws having keys to lit said slots, and the heads ot said screws being receivable in the eountersunk portions of said frame, and a trigger pivotally connected with said traine and provided with a sear Vwhich is in `the path of said plate, and adapted to enter said notches when released by said plate, or moved linto uncovered position.

8. The combination, in a gun, with a barrel, of a frame, means to attach said barrel to said trame, the latter having slots therein which are countersunk atV their forward ends, a breech-block and a perforated cutout plate mounted on said frame, a springpressed tiring-pin bolt having notches therein in said breech-block, screws adapted to bel passed through said slots and the perforations in said plate into threaded engagement with said breech-block, said screws having keys to it said slots, and the heads of said screws being receivable inthe countersunk portions of said frame, and a trigger pivotally connected with said frame and provided with a sear which is in the path of said plate, and adapted to enter said notches when released by said plate or moved into position, the construction and arrangement of parts being such that, when said barrel is attached to said. frame, said barrel prevents said breech-block from being moved forwardly far enough to carry the heads of said screws into said countersunk portions.

9. In a gun, a frame having a slot therein, a trigger provided at the top with a sear which is located in said slot, a pivot pin in said frame and passing through the rearend portion of said sear, a stop pin in said frame and extending across said slot above said sear at a point intermediate of the ends thereof, and a spring arranged normally to retain said sear in engagement with said stop pin.

10. In a gun, a grooved and slotted frame, an extractor slidingly arranged in the frame groove, and having a recess therein over one of the frame slots, a breech-block arranged on said frame over the recessed part of said extractor, and screws passing through said slots into threaded engagement with said breech-block, one of said screws passing through said extractor recess, whereby said extractor is actuated backward and forward with said breech-block.

11. In a gun, a notched frame, a breechblock slidingly arranged on said frame, and provided with a latch adapted to enter the notch in said frame when said breech-block is in its most advanced position, a notched spring-pressed tiring-pin bolt in said breechblock, a spring-pressed trigger having a sear and pivotally connected with said frame, said sear being adapted to enter the notches in said bolt, and means toprevent said sear from entering one of said notches when said breech-block is advanced, but to release said sear and permit it to enter one of Said notches as said breech-block approaches the forward end of its travel, said bolt then being held by said sear when said breechblock is forced forwardly tothe full extent and far enough to enable said latch to enter said notch.

12. In a gun, a notched frame, a breechblock slidingly arranged on said frame, and provided with a latch adapted to enter the notch in said frame when said breech-block is in its most advanced position, a notched spring-pressed firing-pin bolt in said breechblock, a spring-pressed trigger having a sear and pivotally connected with said frame, said sear being adapted to enter the notches in said bolt, and a plate, between said frame and Abreech block and moving with the latter, to prevent said sear from entering one of said notches `when said breech-block is advanced, but to release said sear and permit it to enter one of said notches as said breech-block approaches the forward end of its travel, said bolt then `being held by said sear when said breech-block is forced forwardly to the full extent and far enough to enable said latch toenter said notch.

13. In'a gun, a frame,.a non-rotatingfnontilting 'breech-block slidingly arranged on said frame, aspring-pressed `firing-pin bolt in said breech-block, and means to hold said bolt against the force of its spring when said breech-block, after being moved with said bolt freely forward, is actuated now against the force of said spring into closed position.

1st. In a gun, a frame, a non-rotating nontilting breech-block slidingly arranged on said frame, a spring-pressed firing-pin bolt in said breech-block, means to hold said bolt against the force of its spring when said breech-block, after being moved with said bolt freely forward, is actuated now against the force of said spring into closed position, and means subsequently to hold said bolt after being drawn rearwardly against the force of said spring into cocked position.

15. In a gun, a frame provided with a spring-pressed trigger having a scar, a breech-block slidingly arranged on .said frame, a spring-pressed firing-pin bolt in said breech-block, said bolt having arresting and cooking notches therein into` which said sear is adapted to enter, and said breechblock being provided with a member which is adapted to close said cooking notch to the entrance of said Sear, except while said breech-block is in its most advanced position and said bolt is drawn rearwardly into firing position.

16. In a gun, a breech-block having` longitudinal and transverse intersecting slots therein, a latch laterally arranged relative to said breech-block, and provided with a pivot pin arranged in said transverse slot with said pin in said longitudinal slot, and filling blocks in said longitudinal -slot on both sides of said latch to hold said pin in place. .v

17. In a gun, a breech-block having a slot therein which opens through the end and bottom thereof, a pin extending through the sides of said breech-block and across said slot, a firing-pin bolt in said slot, said bolt being recessed in its upper edge to provide shoulders one of which is adapted to bear against said pin when said firing-pin is in discharged position, and a spring in said breech-block between said pin and the other of said shoulders and always in contact therewith.

18. In a gun, a slotted, grooved, and recessed frame, a spring-pressed trigger having a sear pivotally connected with said frame in one of the slots therein, arecessed extractor slidingly arranged in the groove in said frame, a perforated and recessed plate mounted on said frame over a-portion of said extractor', a breech-block mounted ou said plate, screws passing' through others of the frame slots and through the plate perfor-ations into threaded engagement with said breech-block, and one of said screws passing through the extractor recess, a latch pivotally connected with said breechblock, and adapted to enter the recesses in said plate and Jirame, when said breech-block with said plate is in its most advanced posi-' tion, and a spring-pressed tiring-pin bolt in said breeclrblock, said bolt having, notches ther-ein, the construction and arrangement of parts being such that, when said plate is moved rearwardly with said breech-block, the plate forces said sear downwardly, and, when said plate is moved forwardly withVV said breech-block, the plate releases said sear and permits the same to enterthe rear bolt notch, and thereby hold said bolt while said breech-block is moved into its most advanced position, the bolt then being adapted to be drawn back to enable the .sear to entier the forward notch therein.

19. ln a gun, a frame having a. slot therein which is countersunk at its forward end, a non-rotating breech-block mounted on said frame, a spring-pressed firing-pin bolt in said breech-block, a screw adapted to ypass through said slot into threaded engagement with said breech-block, said screw having a key to lit said slot, and the head oit said screw being receivable in the countersunk portion or' said frame, and a trigger pivotally connected with said frame and provided with a scar to engage said bolt.

GEORGE S. LEX/VIS. EARL B. SMITH.