US1570862A - Chinery cprporatipn - Google Patents

Description

26 1926. 1570;862 4 T. H. SEELY METHOD AND MEANS FOR DETERMINIKG THE SEA?! OF KOLID'S Filed-July a, 1918 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Jan 26 1926.

' 1'. H. SEE LY IE'I'HOD AND MEANS FOR DETERMINING THE SHAY! 0F HOLDS Filed uly 8,3918 Z-ShutQ-Shat 2 Figfi 7/// V ////%& f

Patented Jan. 26, 1926.

UNITED STATES THOMAS. H.- Q EELLY, 1101: Mama messess sms e slenoa ao H m-En $30 #4- massif- GHINEBY .dbe R TIQ F armon NEW 1 Q PQQMIQN METHQP Al DM AN OB DETER ININQIE senso Mean Application filed July 3,

To all whom it may concern:

Beit sk-nown thatrI, THOMAS H. SnnLY,

a citizen of the .United'States. residing at,

Wh ieh the following description, in connection with the accompanying drawings, is a 2 n specificatiomlike referenceicharacters on v the draWingsindicat-ing like parts in the several figures.

Thisinvention-relates to the art of producing such implements as molds, of which 16 those used'in making'leggings furnished an example.

()neof the methods of manufacturing leggings consists in pressing sheets of leather oriother material between a'trough-shaped femalemoldand a co-operating male mold,

the transverse elements ofithe curved surfaces; ofwhich should be-as nearly as possible partial developments of correspondingsections ofthe object, inthe presentinstance the calf and ankle portions of "a leg, over which the article molded is de signed to fit. An object of this invention is to provide for the accuratev determination of the shape of these molds and for their production.

A; feature of the invention .is found in the method by which the shape of the mold is determined by generating its elements through the travel oi a form. Thisform preferably corresponds to. or has the general contour or the object with which the. article to be molded is to co-operate, and is herein illustrated as a leg form. The operation may be accomplished by the steps ofrotating andrevolving the form so that an envelope of roulettes is generated from one of its elements. Such envelopes may thenbe combined to form a completermold. The rotation'is preferably through 360 degrees,

. while therev-olution is conveniently through a less angle, as 180 degrees.

The mold, in-theillustrated embodiment of the invention, is made up of sections, in Which case a feature of the invention con- 0 sists in tracing the mold elements upon sue cessive sections and then assembling the sections. As these steps are most readlly 1918. serial m. 243,9se

made,th'ough other elements of the section may departfrom theproper shape. There fore, the assembled sections may be further mediate the true elements-to the contour covoper-ating molds are produced "simultaneously by dividing sections ofm'at'erial. This results 1n male and female moldpor- .tions at opposite sides of the line of division.

Then thesections of the respective ,inol'ds may be assembled and brought throughout to the desired shape. To give uniformlpressure between the mold portions, thematerialremoved in dividing them preferably does not exceed in thicknessthat of'thearticle to'be molded an d the total thickness of material taken from the two portions; is

substantially that of said article;

Additional features concern: an apparatus by Which-the steps of the method previously outlined may be performed, and" in which a form 'su'ppo'rt isfmoved to cause elements of the mold surface to-be generatedbya form carried thereby andthe shape of such elements recorded. 'As' herei n"fillustrated; i this record ng means I ncludes a" member variable-1n pos tion to enable successive it elements to 'be traced. Inthe production of molds for leggings,a leg form is employed,

the recording means co-ope'rating, therewith atdiflbrent'pbints between. the ankle and calf portions. As the preferred-embodiment of the apparatus, I haveshown the form support as including a carrier and a'form holder rotatable thereon. "The recording .means is preferably mounted on the carrier,

having a markingjmember for tracing the generated curves and a contact member movable toward and from the form support and adjustable along said support.

Other "features will hereinafter appear,

reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Fig. 1 is a top plan vievv of one form of my improved apparatus;

Fig. 2 is an end elevationthereof looking frointhe' 19a in Fi 1;

PATENT OFF-ICE. I

Figs. 3 and 4 are details in perspective of portions of the recording mechanism;

Fig. 5 illustrates diagrammatically the manner in which the generated curve is traced; and

Fig. 6 is a central vertical section through assembled sectional mold portions after the separate sections have been divided.

A supporting frame is shown consisting of a base 10 and opposite vertical end pieces 12 and 14. In using the apparatus to determine the shape of successive -mold sections, the end piece 12 may serve as a receiver for said sections, one at a time. For this purpose it is made inthe form of an open frame, in which may be placed rec tangular plates or thin blocks W of 111m. terial, as wood, from which the mold or pattern portions are to be made. These are held in place by some such securing means as buttons 16 and have the inner face toward the opposite end piece 14 exposed for the tracing operation.

Pivoted at 18 upon an arm 20 depending from the upper portion of the end piece 12 and at 22 in an upright 24 rising from the end piece 14 is a carrier member 26 of a form support. This carrier member is U-shaped, having arms 28 extending upon the opposite side of the pivots from the body of the'U, there being secured to the closed portion of the carrier a handle 30 by which the support may be turned through an angle, in the present instance of 180 degrees. The handle is preferably of such weight as to tend to counterbalance that of the support and form. Mounted to rotate in the arms of the carrier is a form holder including a spindle 32 having a flanged head 34 of somewhat enlarged diameter and arranged to turn in an opening in the left-hand arm of the carrier, as viewed in Fig. 1, and a reduced end portion 36 rotatably journaled in a smaller opening in the opposite arm. Contacting with the inner side of the head 34 is a collar 38 having a bow 39 contacting with the enlarged head 84 and carrying at one edge of its periphery a gear 40, which is shown as of the pin type. At the opposite side of the collar is a projection 42 extending parallel to the spindle. The extremity of the spindle opposite the head is threaded at 44 to receive a nut 46 carrying a hand wheel by which it may be turned. At 48 appears a form corresponding generally to the shape of the object to which the molded article is to be applied. As the apparatus disclosed is for use in producing molds for manufacturing leggings, a leg form including calf and ankle portions is employed. In placing the form upon the holder, the spindle is withdrawn from the arms and the collar, form and nut held alined with the openings in the ar ms f'The spindle is then introduced through these openings and the nut turned upon the thread 34, the col lar projection 42 entering a bore in the ankle portion of the form to compel its rotation with the gear 40. The screwing up of the nut against the calf end of the form forces it against'the collar 38, thus forcing the boss 39 against the shoulder formed by the enlarged head 84. The width of the head 34 being somewhat greater than the thickness of thearrn 28, the spindle is free to turn in the openings in the arms 28. The purpose. of the boss 39 is to provide adequate spacing between the arm 28 and the adjacent gearingf At this time the gear 49 meshes with a segmental pin gear 50 carried upon the inner face of the end piece 14 of the frame, the result of this engagement being-that when the carrier is turned to revolve the form about the'pivots 18' and 20, the spindle and form are simultaneously rotated. "The diameter of the p tch circle of the gear 50 is shown substan t ally twice that of the gear-40, and the pitch circle of the gear 40 therefore passes substantially through the axis l822.

On the carrier 26 is mounted mechanism for tracing or recording the curves generated by the movement of the form. In-

separated arms 52, 52, extending from the closed portion of the L -carrier beneath the spindle to the opposite side of the form, are pivot pins 54 threaded through the arm and having conical ends to rotatably support a bar 56. This bar has at the end toward the block l/V held in the end piece 12 an arm 58 provided with a marking member conven1ently in the form of a wheel 60 turning upon a screw 62. The sharp edge of this wheel bears against the face of the block lV, so that it indents said block as it moves over it. Arranged to slide upon the bar 56 is a carrier block 64 having a contact wheel 66 turning upon a screw 68. in a bore in this block is a conical-ended latch member 70 forced by a spring 72 toward the top of the bar 56 to engage one or another of a series of depressions 74 and thus temporarily hold the contact wheel in definite longitudinal relation to the form. The wedge-shaped tracing edge of the wheel 60 is in alinemeiit with the contact edge or" the wheel 66, considered in a direction parallel to the axis of the holder spindle 32. A spring 76 extending between one of the arms 52 and the arm 58 tends to rock the bar 56 about its pivots to hold the contact wheel 66 constantly against the form.

The operation of the apparatus in carrying out the method of this invention may be understood by a consideration of Figs. 5 and 6 of the drawings. A form 48 corresponding to the size of the legging for which molds are to be made is fixed in the holder. The receiver in the end piece 12. is

ppl ed wi h, one o he section 1 o ks 1W. with-its inner face against. the edge of'the wheel 1 60, and; the; contact member is --positioned with its; latch in a particular one; of

the depressions 74, sayat one, extremity'of the form. Now asthe handle 30'is swung from its positionillustrated-inFigs; 1 and 2 through 180 degrees, the form is revolved about the pivots-1 8 -and,22, this axis being;

b have been described as, having a ratio of substantially 2:1. This insures that the length of the arc c, be equalitothe. circu'm-. ference b so that a complete rotation of .the

form (from the standpoint of the arc 0) will result from the revolutionof the, form throughthe angle. subtended by the arc c.

at the center a, which in the construction shown in.Fig. 5 is 180. This construction has been found convenient in practice, but

is not necessary. in order to vcarry out: the present invention inits broadest aspect. It

is necessaryonly that that part of the cir clec which isuseol shall be equal to the complete circumference b. If, for example, the distance 2%32 were increased while.v the circle 0 remained unchanged, the circle a would be smaller and would no longer pass through the point a, and itscircumferenc-e would be rolled out in lessthan a semi-circumference vof the circle c, and the form would haveto revolveonly through thecorrespondingangle. Such a construetion is shown in .F ig, 2, This methodof generating forms. is of particular value in making molds; for articles not having extreme changes in curvature,,such as leggings or puttees. It amounts to themaking of a partially developed mold, thatis,-a mold which has beenpartially, flattened out toward av plane, this flattening involving, in generahsome distortion. The making of molds under the previously existing prac tice has beenvery expensive, involving accurate molding or pattern reproduction. In the'case of articles whose surfaces are so shaped as vto be partially developable without prohibitive distortion, the present method is of 1 great importance.

The angle of revolutionadoptcd (as the Word; is, herein used) depends upon the amount of development. that is permissible,

in view of the distortion introduced therecircle 0 a straight line, androllinga form along, it. This amounts to a1 zero revolutionand is one extreme; accurate pattern reproduction, WhiCll corresponds ,to revolument.

production is. Obviously as, a practicah mechanicalmatter, a close-approach to,360; revolution is not; possible, as: the a and circles are. then so closetogether that the. mechanical parts will' not clearv in move. The drawing illustrates an inter,-

mediate condition. The wheel 60 revolvess with-. the form, and, under theinfluence of the contact. wh-eelg66, variesjas-to its dis;

circumference of the form. The curve. a

can be regarded as a directrix for the generation of theyroulettes and of; their envelope, and the curve-of may be called the rolling perimeterof the form 48.. The generation of the envelope of the roulettes-generated .by' the points. of the perim-.

eter of the form 48 which being treated; to form the corresponding.envelopec, can

be regarded as the combinationof thesmall corresponding portions of adj acent roulettes which closely approximate the. envelope. That, is, those; portions of two .adjafcent tance from theaxis of revolution an amount roulettes which have a common tangent with the envelope. in that vicinity, can be,

regarded as combined or placed end to end to formthecorresponding portion of; the

envelope. p

The; envelopes, when obtained, are cross sectionsf of the resulting mold formed by planes; perpendicular to the axis 32, and corresponding to'the settingsof the block 64 alongthe bar 56, Themold isformed. by assembling these cross-sections in the proper relation, in order. Upon. other;

'blocksW like curves are-similarly traced. for successivesettings ofthe contact ;mem-

ber 66 along the bar 56. The blocks of material are then divided, as by sawing at f (Fig. 6), along the-indicated lines. in a 'direction at right; angles to the faces bearingt-he curves and the. corresponding portions assembled and secured together to.

furnish an approximation ofathe respectivemale and female halves A: and B- of the mold. It will be seen that each section of each mold portion-.willcontain at least'one transverse elementof the true contour, corresponding to the: elementof the form wh ch passes. beneath the contact wheel.

Material is thenremovedfroni the opposed by the ,linesg andrhsinEig; 6; TOgObtilllI "tion androtation oil-360, -each, ,being the proper; .co-operation betweenwthep-mold POT-g tions with uniform pressure over the entire surface of the article molded, the thickness of material removed in dividing the por tions should not exceed the thickness of said article. Preferably, the total width of the space formed by both dividing and finally shaping the surfaces is substantially equal to the thickness of the article. If the amount removed is less, there will be an excessive pressure at the outer edges of the mold; if greater, therewill be too heavy pressure at the center.

In this description and the appended claims, I have in "red to the production of molds by the present method or have employed language indicating that a mold directly results. While for certain classes of work involving the application'of rela tively light pressure this course may be feasible with molds of Wood, and while the same steps n'iight be utilized to form molds of metal, with the latter material it is preferable to employ the implement made through the application of my method to Wood sections as patterns from which metal molds are cast, and it is to be understood that such a procedure is covered by the claims of this invention.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:

1.. That improvement in methods of determining the shape of a mold which consists in generating a linear element of the mold by combining portions of the paths of points on the periphery of a form as it rolls along a directrix, the portions combined being, in order, those portions of the paths corresponding to pairs of adjacent points along the curve which have a common tangent, and arranging such linear elements in order in parallel planes to make the mold surface, and combining such linear elements of the form. V

2. That improvement in methods of determining the shape of a mold by generating a curved element of the mold by adding end to end, in order selected portions of the paths of the points taken in the same order on a corresponding element of a form, as the form rolls along a directrix.

3. That improvement in methods of determining the shape of a mold by generating a curved element of the mold by placing end to end, in order, selected portions of the paths of the points taken in the same order on a corresponding element of a form, as the form rolls along a directrix, the directriX being curved over an arc of substantially less than 360 while of such length as to cause the form to roll through an angle of 360 along it.

4-. That improvement in methods of determining the shape of a-mold by generating a. curved element of the mold by adding sists in generating roulettes of points on the periphery of a form, forming the en velope of these roulettes and using this envelope as an element of the mold.

6. That improvement in methods of determining the shape of a mold which con sists in generating roulette-s of points on an element of a form, forming the envelope of these roulettes, and forming the mold surface by assembling the rouleites correspond ing to successive elements of the form in order.

7. That iinproven'ient in methods of detern'iining the shape of a mold for leggings which consists in rolling a legging-like form along a directrix, recording the envelope of the roulettes generated by points on an element of the mold, and combining these roulettes as elements of the mold surface.

8. That improvement in methods of determining the shape of a mold for leggings which consists in rolling a legging-like form along a curvilinear directrix, recording the envelope of the roulettes generated by points on an element of the mold, and combining these roulettes as elements of the mold surface.

9. That improvement in methods of determining the shape of a mold for leggings which consists in rolling a legging-like form along a semi-circular directrix, recording the envelope of the roulettes generated by points on an element of the mold, and combining these roulettes as elements of the mold surface.

10. That improvement in methods of determining the shape of a mold for leggings which consists in rolling a legging-like form along a semicircular directrix, the length of the semi-circle being substantially equal to the rolling perimeter of the form, recording the envelope of the roulettes generated by points on an element of the mold, and combining these roulettes as elements of the mold surface.

11. The method of producing co-operating molds, which consists in dividing successive sections of material to furnish adjacent portions of opposed mold surfaces, and assembling the sections.

12. The method of producing co-operating molds, which consists in tracing elements of a mold on successive sections of material, dividing the sections to furnish adjacent portions of opposed mold surfaces, and assembling the sections. V

13. ThlIlBtlflOd of producing co-operating molds, which consists in dividing successlve sections of material to furnish surfaces containing elements of opposedmold cause elements of a mold to be generated by a form carried on the support, and means variable in position with respect to the form for separately recording said elements.

16. In an apparatus for, determining the shape of molds for leggings. a movable leg form, and means for recording arbitrarily selected transverse contours generated by the movement of the form.

17 In an apparatus for determining the shapeof molds for leggings, a movable leg form, and means variable in position with respect to the form for separately recording successive contours between the calf and ankle portions generated by the movement of the form;

18. In an apparatus of the class described, a rotatable carrier, a form holder mounted on the carrier, means for rotating the holder, and recording means for co-operation with a form carried on the support.

19. In an apparatus of the class described, a rotatable carrier, a form holder mounted on the carrier, means for rotating the holder,

and recording means mounted on the carrier to move toward and from the holder for cooperation with a form carried on the support.

20. In an apparatus of the class described, a rotatable carrier, a form holder mounted on the carrier, means for rotating the holder, and recording means including an element adjustable in position along the holder for co-operation with a form carried on the support.

21. In an apparatus of the class described, a rotatable carrier, a form holder mounted on the carrier, means for rotating the holder, and recording means including a member for contact with a form carried on the support and a marking member. v

22. In an apparatus of the class described, a rotatable carrier, a form holder mounted on the carrier, means for rotating the holder, and recording means including a member for contact with a form carried on the sup-. port'and a marking member, the contact portions of said members lying in a line parallel to the axis of rotation of the holder.

23. In an apparatus for determining the shape of successive sections of molds, retaining means for the mold sections, a form support movable to cause elements of a mold to be generated by a formcarried on the sup port, means for recording the shape'of said elements including a member movable along the support, and means constructed and arranged to fix the position of the member in accordance with the thickness of the mold sections. I

24. In an apparatus of the class described, a rotatable carrier, a form holder rotatable on the carrier,'means for communicating the movement of the carrier to the holder, and

marking means arranged for actuation by a form carried on the support.

25. In an apparatus of the class described, arotatable carrier, a form holder rotatable on the carrier, gearing acting in the rotation of the carrier for turnlng. the form holder through a greater angle than that through which the carrier travels, and marking means arrangedfor actuation by a form carried on the support. 4

26. In an apparatus of the class described,

' a frame, a carrier movable thereon, a form holder movable on the carrier, gearing connecting the holder and frame, and marking means arranged for actuation by a form carried on the support. 1 Y

27. In an apparatus of the class described, a rotatable carrier, a form holder rotatable on the carrier, a bar pivoted on the carrier, marking means mounted on the bar, and means for contact with a form carried on the support variable in position on the bar with respect to said form. r

28. In an apparatus of the class described, a rotatable carrier, 9. vform holder rotatable on the carrier, a bar pivoted on the carrier parallel to the form holder and being provided with a series of depressions, a marking member mounted on the bar, and a member for contact with a form carried on the support movable on the bar and having a latch for engagement with the bar depressions.

29. That improvement in methods of producing co-operating molds which consists in generating an outline of an element of a mold on a section of material and dividing the section along the outline to form correing molds. 7

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

THOMAS H. SEELY.

sponding elements of the required co-operat-

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