US1562805A - Process for separating potassium and sodium hydroxides - Google Patents
Process for separating potassium and sodium hydroxides Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US1562805A US1562805A US28951A US2895125A US1562805A US 1562805 A US1562805 A US 1562805A US 28951 A US28951 A US 28951A US 2895125 A US2895125 A US 2895125A US 1562805 A US1562805 A US 1562805A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- potassium
- crystals
- sodium
- mixture
- hydroxide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical class [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 title description 33
- 235000011118 potassium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 title description 14
- 235000011121 sodium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 title description 13
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 9
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 9
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 title description 9
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 7
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 40
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000012452 mother liquor Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 description 7
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 7
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004649 carbonic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004679 hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01D—COMPOUNDS OF ALKALI METALS, i.e. LITHIUM, SODIUM, POTASSIUM, RUBIDIUM, CAESIUM, OR FRANCIUM
- C01D1/00—Oxides or hydroxides of sodium, potassium or alkali metals in general
- C01D1/04—Hydroxides
- C01D1/28—Purification; Separation
- C01D1/30—Purification; Separation by crystallisation
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a process for separating mixtures of potassium and sodium hydroxides, according to which, in
- the mixture is concentrated until crystallization occurs in part at relatively high temperature, whereupon the potassium hydroxide crystals formed are eliminated from the mother liquor also at raised temperature, and, in order to separate sodium hydroxide the mixture is diluted in such a manner that partial crystallization occurs only at rela I tively low -'tempei"ature,wh'ereupon the so-' dium hydroxide crystals formed are elimi-. nated from the mother liquid also at low temperature.
- the alkali which revails more or less in. the-mixture is pre erably eliminated first, If for instance there is in the mixture less tha'n'35% of potassium hydroxide, the sodium hydroxide is eliminated first.
- the crystals may be dissolved in a smallquantity of water and the process of separation reposted at a suitable temperature and concentration.
- the invention is also applicable for obtaining aqueous mixturesof potassium and sodium hydroxides of desired composition in respect ofcontent of these two hydroxides, or to enrichmg such a mix ture in eitherconstituent as may be suit able for any particular technical purpose.
- Example 2 An alkali solution containing parts by 70 parts by weight of soda is diluted at about 50 C. to about 56 Baum and cooled while stirri'n There separates nearly pure hydrated sodium hydroxide which can be freed fro the residue of adhering potash by corresp nding dilution and. fresh crystallization.
- the mixture is concentrateduntil crystallization occurs in part at relatively high temperature, whereupon the potassium hydroxide crystals formed are eliminated from the mother liquor also at raised temperature, and, in order to separate sodium i droxide, the'mixtu're is diluted in such a manner that partial crystallization occurs only at relatively low temperature, whereupon the sodium are eliminated from the mother liquor also at low temperature.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Description
Patented Nat. 24,1925.
UNITED STATES THEODOR suTTnn', or moNTHnY, swiTznnLA iIn, ASSIGNOB To THE FIRM socIETY or CHEMICAL INDUSTRY IN BASLE, or BASEL, SWITZERLAND.
rnocnss non snrnnnrme roTAssIi' nI AND somum nxnnoxrnns.
No Drawing.
To all whom it may-concern.
Beit known that I, THnonoR'SUTTEn, a citizen of theSwiss Confederation, residing at Monthey, Switzerland, have invented a new and useful Process for Separating Potassium and Sodium Hy droxides, of
which the following is a full, clear, and
exact specification. H
A'process for the separate separationof potash and soda from their mixtures in aqueous solutions, has not hitherto been known notwithstanding, that mixtures of these alkalies occur in various technical processes and their complete separation or.
' the enrichmentof the solution in one or other of thecomponents for the purpose of obtaining a desired composition of the mixture is a great technical importance When aqueous mixtures of the two alka- --lies, containing for example equimolecular proportions of potash and soda, are evapo- .rated untilcr stallizationoccurs on cooling the mixtureo crystals obtained has approxi- 'orderto separate potassium hydroxide, the
m'ately the composition of.the parent material, so that it might be supposed that the hydroxides-or hydroxyhydrates'of the alkalies crystallize like the carbonates in the form of molecular compounds of the bases. The present invention relates to a process for separating mixtures of potassium and sodium hydroxides, according to which, in
mixture is concentrated until crystallization occurs in part at relatively high temperature, whereupon the potassium hydroxide crystals formed are eliminated from the mother liquor also at raised temperature, and, in order to separate sodium hydroxide the mixture is diluted in such a manner that partial crystallization occurs only at rela I tively low -'tempei"ature,wh'ereupon the so-' dium hydroxide crystals formed are elimi-. nated from the mother liquid also at low temperature. r a f It has been found that a practically pure potassium hydroxide crystallizes from mixtures or solutions relatively rich in potassium hydroxide above certain concentrations and temperatures which vary according to 'tl1e,c6mposition of the mixtures,.while the hydrated sodium hydroxide remains in.
j liquid condition. I .By centrifuging .the crystals a mother liquor is obtained which is considerably poorer in potassium hydrox- Application filed May a, 1925; Serial No. 28,951.
ide than the original mixture By further cooling ofthe liquor crystals separate which are considerably richer in sodium hydroxide than the originalpliquor but still containing considerable quantities of potassium hydroxide. If, however, the mother liquor is first diluted after separation of the potassium hydroxide, and then cooled, almost pure crystals of hydrated sodium hydroxide separate. The remaining mother liquor has approximately the composition of the original liquor. It can be brought again to the original composition and subjected to the same treatment.
As a rulethe alkali which revails more or less in. the-mixture is pre erably eliminated first, If for instance there is in the mixture less tha'n'35% of potassium hydroxide, the sodium hydroxide is eliminated first.
Mixtures containing more, than 35% of po tassium hydroxide are treated first in order to separate the most potassium hydroxide possible, wherea-fter the sodium hydroxide is separated from the mother liquor.
In order further to purify the crystals, they may be dissolved in a smallquantity of water and the process of separation reposted at a suitable temperature and concentration.
It is clear that the invention isalso applicable for obtaining aqueous mixturesof potassium and sodium hydroxides of desired composition in respect ofcontent of these two hydroxides, or to enrichmg such a mix ture in eitherconstituent as may be suit able for any particular technical purpose.
' The followingjexamplfeis illustrate the in- I 1 vention:- r v I Emample '1- L A purified alkali solution containing equal parts by .Weight of potash" and soda is evaporated to 60 Baum and stirred with bladesat about 60 C. in acrys'tallizing'vat until there is no further increase of crystals. The mass is. thoroughl centrifuged in a heated centrifuging mac, ne whereu on the separated erystalscconsist of ractica y pure hydrated potassium hydroxi e. The mother iluted to about" 55" Baum and liquor is stirred, w ile cooling by meansof flowing water. The separated crystals contain only 8-10 per cent of otash, while the mother a liquor contains it out .50 per cent. This liquor maybe again concentrated to 60 weight of potash and Baum and treated further in the same manner.
Example 2. An alkali solution containing parts by 70 parts by weight of soda is diluted at about 50 C. to about 56 Baum and cooled while stirri'n There separates nearly pure hydrated sodium hydroxide which can be freed fro the residue of adhering potash by corresp nding dilution and. fresh crystallization.
Example 3.
An alkali solution containing 60 parts of potash and' lO parts of soda is concentrated to 61 Baum, and crystallized at 70 C. The centrifuged crystals contain over 90 per cent of potash.
Example 4. 7
separation of mixtures of potassium hy-- droxide and sodium hydroxide, according to g which, in order to separate potassium hyhydroxidc, the
droxide, the mixture is concentrateduntil crystallization occurs in part at relatively high temperature, whereupon the potassium hydroxide crystals formed are eliminated from the mother liquor also at raised temperature, and, in order to separate sodium i droxide, the'mixtu're is diluted in such a manner that partial crystallization occurs only at relatively low temperature, whereupon the sodium are eliminated from the mother liquor also at low temperature. i
2. The herein described process for the separation of mixtures of potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide, according to which, in order to separate potassium hyhydroxide crystals formed droxide,. the mixture is concentrated until crystallization occurs .in part at relatively high temperature, whereupon the potassium hydroxide crystals formed are eliminated from the mother liquor also at raised temperature, and, in order toseparate sodium mixture is diluted in such a manner that partial crystallization occurs only at relatively low temperature, whereupon the sodium hydroxide crystals formed are eliminated from the mother liquor also at low temperature, the alkali prevailing in the mixture being separated first.
In witness whereof I have hereunto signed my name this 21st day of April, 1925. THEODOR SUTTER.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US28951A US1562805A (en) | 1925-05-08 | 1925-05-08 | Process for separating potassium and sodium hydroxides |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US28951A US1562805A (en) | 1925-05-08 | 1925-05-08 | Process for separating potassium and sodium hydroxides |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US1562805A true US1562805A (en) | 1925-11-24 |
Family
ID=21846411
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US28951A Expired - Lifetime US1562805A (en) | 1925-05-08 | 1925-05-08 | Process for separating potassium and sodium hydroxides |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US1562805A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2863789A (en) * | 1954-01-13 | 1958-12-09 | Union Carbide Corp | Electrolyte for an air-depolarized cell |
| WO2008076072A1 (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2008-06-26 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Method of purifying potassium hydroxide |
| EP4495070A1 (en) | 2023-07-21 | 2025-01-22 | Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. | Purification of concentrated aqueous hydroxide solutions for electrolysis |
-
1925
- 1925-05-08 US US28951A patent/US1562805A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2863789A (en) * | 1954-01-13 | 1958-12-09 | Union Carbide Corp | Electrolyte for an air-depolarized cell |
| WO2008076072A1 (en) * | 2006-12-20 | 2008-06-26 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Method of purifying potassium hydroxide |
| EP4495070A1 (en) | 2023-07-21 | 2025-01-22 | Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. | Purification of concentrated aqueous hydroxide solutions for electrolysis |
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