US1561024A - Carbureted-air-gas apparatus for blowpipes - Google Patents

Description

1,561,024 Z. O. RARRICK I' dARETED AIR GAS APPARATUS F011 11111011 PIPEs Filed July'zz. 1921 3 shuts-shut 1 WW, Eef/ze, FQ/NUJ www y,

' Nov. 10,1925u 1,561,024

' Z. o. RARRCK cmsunmn ma GAS APPARATUS FOR snow Pmzs Filed July 22, 1521 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 2me/W' Zeri@ #Z/WWW@ Nov. l0 1925 1,561,024

z. o. RARRICK CARBURETBD AIR GAS APPARATUS FOR BLOW PIPES www? Patented Nov., 1.0, 1.925

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ZERNE O. .RARRICK, 0F TOLEDO, OHIO, ASSGNOR TO THE RANSOM @t RANDOLPH COM- PANY, OF TOLEDO, OHIO, A CORPORATON OF OIIO.

CARBRETIED-AR-G LPPRAT'US FOB, BLOVVPIPES.

Application filed July 22, 1921.

T 0 all whom 'it fnzag/ concern.:

13e it known that I, ZnRNn O. Bannion, a citizen of the United States, and resident oit Toledo, in the county of Lucas and State of Ohio, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Carbureted-Air-Gas Apparatus for Blowpipes, of which the Jfollowing is a ull, clear, concise, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, Jforming part of this specification.

My invention relates to an apparatus that is especially adapted to supply a combustible mixture of air and vaporized hydrocarbon to a blowpipe ot the type employed by dentists. rllhe apparatus et my invention is particularly adapted Jfor use in all kinds of iine soldering and for melting the various base and precious metals used in dental restorations.

ln years past, gasoline blowpipes have been very popular with dentists, the flame from such a blowpipe being admirably suited to dental purposes. 1t has been found, however, that the carbureting device used in connection with those styles of gasoline blcwpipe equipments heretofore used by dentists are incapable of successfully handling the comparatively low grade gasoline now on the market.

lt is the principal purpose of my invention to provide a carburetor that will successi'ully handle the comparatively poor grades of gasoline now available, and one that may be readily adjusted by the operator to secure the best possible mixture at the blowpipe under all operating conditions. Other objects of the inventionwill appear as the following detailed description proe gresses.

ln the accompanying drawings illustrating my invention, Figure 1 is a top plan view of a gasoline blowpipe appliance embodying my invention,

Figure 2 is a side elevational view thereof,

Figure 8 is a vertical section taken on the line 3-3 of Figure 1,

Figure 4 is a vertical section taken on the line 44 of Figure 3,

Figure 5 is a section taken on line 5-5 of' Figure 4,

Figure 6 is a section taken on the line 6-6 or Figure 4, r

Serial No. 486,687.

Figure 7 is a section taken on the line 747 of Figure 4, and

Figure 8 is a diagram in elevation which graphically illustrates the changes in the functioning of the carburetor which result from manipulation of the controlling handle.

Similar characters of reference refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

Referring irst to Figures 1 to 3 inclusive, at 10 I have illustrated a tank adapted to contain a supply of gasoline or other liquid hydrocarbon. The supply of gasoline is renewed or replenished as required through a filling cup. 11, the opening through this filling cup being normally closed in any suitable manner, as, for instance, by a threaded plug 12.

The tank 10 is provided in the top thereof with an opening 18 and threaded into this opening is a casting 14 which seats-upon a gasket 15. Threaded into the casting 14 are the nipples 16 and 17 which respectively constitute passages tor the intake of air and the outlet oi combustible mixture. The nipple 16 co-operates with one end of a tlexible tube 18, the other end of this tube being connected with a source of air supply as, nfor instance, an ordinary toot bellows (not shown). Nipple 17 co-operates with one end of a flexible tube 19 which leads to any suitable form of blowpipe (not shown).

Referring now to Figure 5, it will -be noted that air intake nipple 1G communi- Cates with a bore 20, a bore 21 affords communication between bore 2O and'a bore 22, bore 22 being parallel -to and in the same horizontal plane with the bore 20. The outer end of bore 21 is closed in any suitable manner, conveniently by the threaded plug 23. @ne end of bore 22 communicates di rectly with combustible mixture outlet nipple. 17, and the other end of said bore communicates .with the space within an imperiorate cap 24 which is tightly threaded upon a boss 25 projecting laterally from casting 14. A. second bore 26 is formed in boss 25 (Figure 4). Bore 26 lies below and is parallel with bore 22. The bore 26 extends inwardly from cap' 24 and intersects a vertical bore 27 The inner or lett hand end ot bore 26 (Figure 4) communicates with a vertical bore 28. Bore28 communicates at its lower end With the space above the liquid in the tank 10, and at its upper end communicates with the bore 22 at a point adjacent the inner end of the combustible mixture outlet nipple l?.

Disposed inthe vertical bore 27 is a rotatable valve element 29 which is provided kwith a longitudinal vertical bore $30. The upper end of bore 30 terminates short of the upper end of the valve element7 and at its lower end communicates with the passage through a ytube "1. The upper end rof the tube 3l is threaded tightly into the lower end of the valve element 29 (Figure l) and the lower end of said ltube lies near the bottom of tank 10,01', at any rate, terminates a considerable distance below the normal level of liquid fuel in tank lO.

Valve element 29 is provided Avith a transverse bore ail'ordiim` ports and 33 (Figures 4 and Port 32 is adapted to afford communication between bore 26 and the upper end of valve element bore 30, lt will be noted that the outer surface of the `valve element is milled at the port B2 so that the latter may communicate with the right hand portion of bore 26 (Figure G) throughout a full 90 .degree movement of the valve erlement. Bore 33 is adapted to afford Communication between valve element bore 30 andthe left hand portion of bore 26 (Figure when the valveelement is in the position illustrated in Figures 4f to 6, and

i through ,the major portion, but not all, of

the full 9.0 degree movement of which the valve element capable. Valve element 2S) is also provided with a transverse bore Sii which is adapted to afford communication between the right and left hand portions of bore 22 (Figures 4 and 5) during approximately 35 degrees of the total 90 degrees of movement of whichthc valve element 2S) is capable.

I nov7 call attention to a port which is ilforinedV in valve element 2S) at a point slightly above the lower end thereof, it being` the pau-pose of this port to afford communication between valve element bore 30 and a vertical channel 36 (Figures 3 and 7 The loiver end of this channel communicates directly With the space above the liquid hydrocarbon in tank l0. Port affords coinmunication between bore 30 yand channel 36 through Yapproximately 60 degrees of movement `of `the valve element 29.

Valve element 29 is provided with a reduced upper poi-tion 2 9a eifrtendingi` upwardly illlough ya bore 27 which is of less diameter than bore 27 but coaxial therewith. The reduced upper end of the valve element is pinned to 1.11 @19t/relies bundle 37, which S capable lof movement through an angle of files-rees, ,determined by the stop pins 38 and. 83... The eeefetne needle iS Yer@teably provided with a pointer 3? which co-opeu ates with suitable scale markings Si?. The ends of the scale are preferably `providetl with suitable indicia such as the .vords lied and Bine so that the operator may know in which direction to operate the handle to effect any desired change in the character of the blowpipe flame.

lt will be noted that the boss 25 lies uithin a tubular iiangge 4-0 `which of 2greater diameter than said boss but concentric there with. This arrangement affords an annular chamber between boss and flange 40,

`@ne end of the annular chamber communicates with the atmosphere. The other end thereof communicates through a small horizontal bore il with the upper end of a verti cal bore i2. rihe louer end of the vertical bore 472 conununicates directly with the space above the liquid hydrocarbon in tank 1 0. ylhe said annular chamber provided at its outer end with an annular' burner screen it?) -which is conveniently formed of perforated metal. Screen e3 is clamped in position by cap 2%. if desired, an auxiliary or safety screen may be placed in the annular chamber as indicated at Lli.

lla-ving novv described the construction of the device of my invention, l shall proceed to explain the operation thereof.

Prior to usino` the devicey a suitable quantity of liquid hydrocarbon placed in tank 10. A blowpipe is connected with conibustion mixture outlet nipple l? throuigl tube 19, and a suitable bellovvs is connected with air intake nipple lli through tube lt?. New let us i assume that at starting; the operating` handle has been moved to the position wherein it lies against the stop pin 38. lt Will be understood thatthe drawings illustrate the valve member in the position occupied thereby when the operating hau/.ilo lies midway between the stop pins. .Tii h the handle against the slop pin 38. :air ci:Y teringthe carburetor through air :lutz-.ige nipple 'lo flows through bores 20. and .22 into cap 2li. it this time valve element boro is out of stry with bore 22 and hus none of the incoming air can pass through said valve clement bore dei. Ports -l and 35 are likewise closed at this time. The incoming air passes from cap 2st into bore and thus through port 32 into valve element bore 30, and thus downwardly through tube 3l. The air escaping` from the loaver end of tube 3l bubbles up through the liquid hydrcoarbon and becomes saturated with thc more volatile constituents of the hydrocarbon. The major portion of the air and hydrocarbon vapor which collects in the upper portion of tank l() ilou's upwardly through bore 28 and then passe.; through combustible mixture outlet nipple i7 and flexible tube 19 to the blowv pipe. A comparatively small portion the ccL-nbustible lOl lli]

y1,561,024B B mixture collected in the upper portion of the tankV passes through bores 4t2 and Ll1 into the annular chamber around boss 25, and serves to sustain a iame at screen The vapor escaping through screen i3 is preferably ignited as soon as sufficient combustible mixture has been created in the upper portion of tank 10 to sustain a flame at the screen. The flame at screen a3 heats cap 21 to a high temperature with the result that all air passing through the cap 2i is likewise heated to a comparatively high teniperature.

The air heated in cap 24; and subsequently discharged into the lower end of tank 10 causes effective volatilization of the liquid hydrocarbon through which it passes, with the result that a very rich hydrocarbon vapor is created in the top of tank 10. Unless the liquid hydrocarbon which happens to be in tank 10 has previously been deprived of nearly all its volatile constituents, the operator will usually find that with the operating handle against pin 38, the combustible mixture which is supplied to the blovvpipe is too rich to afford an efl'ective fiame at the blowpipe.

To correct the blowpipe fiame, the operator moves the operating handle in a clockw wise direction (Figure 8). After the operating handle has been moved through a very few degrees as just explained, the port 33 begins to afford communication between bore 30 and the left hand end of bore 26 (Figure l). Under this condition a portion of the heated air passing into the bore escapes` directly into the bore 28 and becomes a part of the combustible mixture of hydrocarbon and air which is supplied to the blovvpipe. The percentage of heated air which passes directly to the blowpipe without passing through theliquid hydrocarbon is, of course, governed by the disposition of bore 33 with respectv to the left hand end (Figure 4.). of bore 26.

By moving the operating handle approxi mately 30 degrees away from the stop pin 38', the valve element 29 is brought to a position wherein the valve element port 35 begins to permit a portion of the heated air flowing through bore 30 to escape from said bore and pass downwardly through channel 36 into the combustible vapor in the top of tank 10.

Then the operating handle is moved approximately 55 degrees away from the stop pin 38', the valve element bore 34 begins to come into registry with the right and left hand portions (Figure 5) of bore 22, and begins to permit a portion of the cold air entering through the air intake nipple 16 to pass directly from bore 22 into the combustible mixture outlet nipple 17 without passing through the heating cap 24C.

Shortly before the operating handle is moved into Contact with stop pin 38,v the port moves entirely out of registry with the left hand portion of bore 26 (Figure fl), and thus prevents the escape of heated air from bore 30 at this point.

Generally speaking, when the operator discovers that his blowpipe flame is poor in quality, he manipulates the operating handle until he secures satisfactory results at the blowpipe. lIf the flame appears to be red or smoky, he knows that the quality of his blowpipe flame will be improved by vmoving the operating handle pointer away from the cRed end of the scale, and he also knows that if he secures at the blowpipe the impoverished sort of flame which results from too lean a mixture, that the blowpipe flame may be improved by moving the operating handle pointer away from the Blue end of the scale.

The carbureting device of my invention has been found to operate successfullyupon all grades of commercial gasoline and other suitable hydrocarbons that are available at the present time. By manipulating the controlling handle, the operator is enabled always to cause the carburetor to function in the fashion which is bestsuited to the particular grade of hydrocarbon with which he is working.

One very important and valuable advantage of the apparatus herein shown and described is the fact that the operator, by simple manipulation of the adjusting han# dle, may accurately and selectively regulatev the temperature of the blow pipe flame. The advantages in this respect which are af forded by my apparatus are believed to be without parallel in the prior art.

" It will, of course, be understood that the improvements of my present invention may readily be incorporated in a gasoline appli ance of the well known Brophy type (U. S. Letters Patent 760,099, granted to R. C. Brophy, May 17, 1901i).` Such an adaptation of my present invention is illustrated in my prior Patent No.`1,447,571 issued March 6, 1923.

While I have illustrated a preferred embodiment'of my invention, it will be understood that I in no way limit myself to the specific arrangement and construction of parts herein shown and described, but desire to cover all equivalent constructions fall-k ing within the terms orspirit of the append-` ed claims.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent is: p

1. A carbureted air gas apparatus for blowpipes comprising a stationary receptacle for liquid fuel, a passage through which uncarbureted air is introduced into the liquid fuel below the level thereof, said passage comprising two parallel portions,

llO

an annular chamberV around said parallel portions, means for conducting a portion of the carbureted air from above the level of liquid fuel directly to said annular chamber to .sustain a flame which heats the parallel portions in said passage, and means for conducting `carburted air gas from the top of said receptacle. A

2. In apparatus for producing a combustible carbureted air gas solely by bubbling air through a volatile hydrocarbon fuel, the combination of a stationary receptacle adapted to receive an initial charge of gasoline or like hydrocarbon fuel, and to be thereafter closed to the admission of fuel, a valve housing mounted on said receptacle, a conduit supplying air under pressure 'to said valve housing, an air inlet passage in said valve housing for conducting said compressed air down into said relatively inert body of fuel for bubbling the compressed air up through said fuel, a second air inlet passage in said valve housing for conducting said compressed air into the upper area of said receptacle, a gas outlet passage in said valve housing adapted to be connected with the point of use, a shunting air passage for admitting said compressed air to said gas outlet passage, a valve in said valve housing co-operating with said passages to control the supply of compressed air above and below the top of said fuel, and to control the outlet of gas and the admission of compressed air thereto, land a burner passage in said valve housing drawing directly from the upper partof said receptacle for supplying :a preheating flame heating a portion of said valve housing traversed by .one of said air passages.

3. A c arbureted air gas. apparatus for blowpipes, comprising a receptacle adapted to contain' a body of liquid fuel, said receptacle comprising a head portion, an air tube depending from said head portion into the body of liquid fuel for bubbling air up through said fuel, an air supply duct in said head portion, an air supply conduit connecting with said air duct for supplying air under pressure thereto, a preheating duct in said head portion adapted to receive air from said air supply duct and discharge the air to said air tube, a burner duct in said head portion communicating with the upper area of said receptacle, said burner duct being adapted to sustain a preheating flame in proximity to said preheating duct, and an Outlet duct in said head portion for receiving the air gas formed in said receptacle for conducting the same to a blowpipe.

4. Carbure'ted air gas apparatus for blowpipes comprising a receptacle adapted to contain a bodyof liquid fuel, said receptacle comprising a head portion, an air tube depending from said head portion below the liquid level said receptacle for bubbling air up through said liquid fuel, an airv supply duct in said head portion adapted to be connected to a source of air supply, a preheating duct in a said head portion communicating with said air supply duct, a valve in said head portion controlling communication between said preheating duct and said air tube, a burner duct in said head portion for receiving the combustible mixture from the upper part of said receptacle and for maintaining a preheating flame adjacent said preheating duct, and an outlet duct in said head portion withdrawing the air gas from the upper portion of said receptacle and adapted to communicate with a gas supply conduit leading to the blowpipe.

5. A carbureted air gas apparatus for blowpipes and the like comprising a receptacle adapted to contain a body of liquid fuel, said receptacle comprising a head portion, an air tube depending from said head portion below the liquid level in said receptacle for bubbling air up through the fuel, an air supply duct in said head portion, a preheating duct in said head portion communicating with said air supply duct, a burner duct in said head portion adapted to be sppplied with combustible gas from the upper portion of said receptacle and for maintaining a preheating flame adjacent said preheating duct, an outlet duct in said head portion for drawing the air gas formed from the upper part of said receptacle and adapted for connection to a gas supply conduit, and valve means in said head portion adapted to shunt a part of the heated air from` said preheating duct to said outlet duct.

6. Garbureted air gas apparatus for blowpipes and the like comprising a receptacle adapted to contain a body of liquid fuel, said receptacle comprising a head portion, an air tube depending from said head portion below the liquid level in said receptacle for bubbling air up through the fuel, an air supply duct in said head portion, a preheating duct in'said head portion communicating wit-h said air supply duct, a burner duct in said head portion drawing combustible gas from the upper portion of said receptacle for maintaining a preheating flame adjacent said preheating duct, and valve means in said head portion operative selectively to direct the heated air from said preheating duct into said air tube or into the upper portion of said receptacle above the liquid level.

7. Carbureted air gas apparatus for blowpipes and the like comprising a receptacle adapted to contain a body of liquid fuel, said receptacle comprising a head portion, an air tube depending from said head portion below the liquid level in said receptacle for bubbling air up through the liquid fuel, an

air supply duet in said head portion, a preheating duct in said head portion communicating with said air supply duct, said air tube receiving the heated air from said preheating duet, an outlet duct in said head portion for drawing the air gas foi-ined freni the upper part of said receptacle and adapted for Connection to a gas supply conduit, and valve means in said head portion operative to place the air supply duet Coniinunieation with said outlet duet for directing relatively cold air into said outlet duet instead of to said preheating duet.

8. Carbureted air gas apparatus for blowpipes and the like comprising a receptacle adapted to Contain a body of liquid fuel7 said rece ataele coin rising a head Jortionl removably mounted in the upper end of said receptacle, a rotatable valve in said head portion, an air tube depending from the lower end of said valve below the liquid level in said receptacle for bubbling air up through the liquid fuel, an air supply duet in said head portion adapted for connection to an air supply conduit leading from a source of air under pressure7 a preheating duct in said head portion communicating with said air supply duct, a burner duet in said head portion drawing combustible gas from the upper part of said receptacle and for maintaining a preheating llame adjacent said preheating duct, a port in said valve controlling coininunication between said preheating duet and said air tube, a second port in said valve for admitting preheated air to the upper part of said receptacle above the liquid fuel level, an outlet duct in said head portion for drawing Combustible gas from the upper portion of said receptacle and adapted for connection to a gas supply conduit leading to the blowpipe or other point of use, a third port in said valve for admitting preheated air from said' preheated duet to said outlet duct, and a fourth port in said valve for admitting relatively cold air supplied through said air supply duet to said outlet duet instead of to said preheating duct.

9. Carbureted air gas apparatus for blowpipes' and the like, comprising a receptacle adapted to contain a body of liquid fuel, an air tube in said receptacle for discharging air therein below the liquid fuel level, any air supply duet associated with said receptacle, a preheating duct communicating therewith, a burner duet leading froin said receptacle for drawing combustible gas therefrom for maintaining a flame in proximity to said preheating duct, a gas duet extending from the upperI part of said receptacle, and a valve element (3o-operating with said preheating duct to control the delivery of preheated air to said vreceptacle and having ineans cooperating with said outlet duct for controlling the admission of hot or cold air thereto.

ln witness whereof, I hereunto subscribe my name this 28 day of June, 1921.

ZERNE O. RABRICK.

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