US1557763A - Internal-combustion engine - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 20,1925; V 1,557,763

. A. J. METZ INTERNAL CUMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Sept. 9, 1922 s Sheets-Sheet 1 ml VEH TOR Oct. 20, 1925. 1,557,763

A. J. METZ INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Filed Sept. 9, 1922 s Sheets-Sheet 2,

IEI. 2

7 M I llYVif llTqR I 7 ,M4/ A TTORNEY a Shets-Sheet a A. J. METZ gfi fept. 9, 1922' Oct. 20, 1925- INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE File Patented Oct. 20, 1925.

ANTHONY J, MEF-bz, i011 DAVEQIPQBT, IOWA;

eeem gqmvsmwmeme;

Application fi le'd sept ere, 132;. serial; ltd.- 5157,1359.

Z'o rZ Z whq it-may concern:

Be t k mw tI A HO EI a citizen of the United States, ige'sidi hg at Davenport, in the county of S eott ztnd State of I we, ha'ye invented ,eertaiiign'ew and usefii-l Improvements in Internal-Commistion' Ehgifiegbf which the following is a specificationv My i ventmn pertains to improvements 1n interpgrl-e'emb stion engines; aiid, refers mete specially to a; novel and efficient, arrangement of theeyli'nder and piston. In pistb'ns Of usual construction, in'the opemt'i'e Of the engine such pistons, and the tings theren are subject to expahsioii; as a result of which the tings engfdge the Wall of the cylinder too t'igl itly 'eeusing an abrasion-"or seoring thereof, and soon iequirihg tob'e remedied, by regrihdirig the cylinderyqr other means I aim to obyiatethisdiffietilty by the" use 6f 2% piston Iwhieh does not contziii'n the usual fihgsfan d which piston is permitted a norr'n ztl cjegr ee of expansion ivithbl t ny undueeng'egement With the cylinder Wall. i t

Another purpose of the invention is t0 provide mea'ns toiabselutely preventing the escape (it any part Ofthe explosiye charge, 4

01' the, ases termed therefrdm, so that the full fetce bf the explosioli Willbe expended 'upon the piston. i

Another purpose of l the invention is to have a eenst'rilction' Wlier'eina pistonfis 'qsed, the skirt Portion of which Iiste'pabl e Of it reciprocating movement between the cylinder Wall on the outside thereof and the Outer Wall of it hollow cylindrical "body ll'len lbel suspended jwithin the eylinde grid at the innerfend pf which are positionedthe inletend exhaust velye, as Well as the igr'iition devices for' such eylindef; In 'atrangen ent of this kind, "wherein the valves ,a'reeontztined Within a limited" spece neeessarily less than the inner diameter 6f the piston, it is essential that sl c'ltval ye's shill pesse'ss the gt'ettest a IIiO'u'nt bf attest possible. Otherwise the tflolifif Of hydtbcztib dh rhizitum. entelfi grt e spi e e e heed and fier my mb w l be infideqfia fi e' per m the" qu red 'W k; m h exh ust Outl t? wi b iiisiiifficliehfifid F mite proper eseape' of the dead gases; Te;-

engine. the l e sent'ipvention it is sought to make use of thegireatest arfr' biint e space t d pnrpc jes'g i ii missible in "connection with ac CO m ahying features fo ke ing such' e t i efi epe e e e etl i i Th 'te ts n a r imumsitppl'y of eziplosiye mi tu e, apdfior: respqndmg amount of ork ng foic'e of, the

wif giirh sue-g se with the valve a ea, eti d thisis accomplished 1 arrahgem'ent the cenduits are disposed at (me side bfthe' cehter li e; and so asto 'b'e otitpf the Way of theyalye-ste h mechanism. the .fermstid O ffstii'cl cbli'du its the Wall pf the ra tee-'1 bedy' mber. is: utilized as one Of the Walls (if bf e oinduits, whereby the epr str'uptienzis" greatly simpli- 'jfiedyeJ d ll of the space within said memb mad 1 o I I I i I i'Other 'u'rpos'e ef the 'inverition is th have 511' pa ts of "the" body m m l 1- i gthe' emiduiU QItitiGns end vet-lv e-stem meuntings', integrally fdrmedQsdthat the same eqn be ces'toii'otherwise precluded in a sihgle piece. "This tends t6 ihetees'ethe tive,

Another objeet thereof is teha ve 'the valve-stems Operatein eneldsed Ihdtihtiii 's, a

mgexp1b iney I y 7 s t Angu ar" u pos'e 9f the ihvhti'ohism previde he-maaify gig"speeebetwe sthe.

(if 9; c teeter fromth (shat-1st senate.

" "Another ebjet' amemvwmns w p'i'dtend to all of the parts of the device which are liable to become super-heated, and prevent the same from becoming overheated.

The above mentioned, and other features and advantages of the invention will more fully appear from the following specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 is a vertical longltudinal section of a cylinder equipped with the invention, on the broken line 11 of Fig. 4. v

Fig. 2 is a similar section on the broken line 22 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 3 is a cross-section of the cylindrical casing 11.

Fig. 4 is a planview of the head 12.

Fig. 5 is a cross-section on the broken line 5'5 of Fig. 2.

1 Similar parts are indicated by cor-respending reference characters throughout the several figures. j v

The reference number 10 indicates a cylinder, within the upper part of which isenclosed a cylindrical casing 11, provided at its upper end with a head 12, of rectangular form. Said head may be secured to the cylinder 10 by bolts or similar fastening means. A'space is left between the wall of the cylinder 10 and the casing 11, within which space is slidable the shell of a piston 13, closed at its lower end by a head 14, preferably of convexo-concave form. The head .14 is fitted with a pair of perforated ears 15, with which the end of a connecting-rod 16 is pivotally connected.

Within the casing 11 is a tubular mounting'17, in which is vertically movable a valve-stem 18, on the lower end of which is a valve .19, normally closing an opening 20 in the lower end ofthe casing 11. From said opening a passage 22 extends upwardly to an intake 23 in the head 12 (Figs-3 and 5), which intake is connected with: the carburetor or other source of fuel supply of the engine. The passage 22 is enclosed ontwo sides by walls 24 and 25, and on the opposite side by the wall of the casing 11, and at its lower end said passage is off-set so that the wall of the opening 20 will be concentricwith the valve stem 18. Loosely mounted on the upper endof said valve stem is a button 26, between which and. the head 12 is interposed a coiled spring 27, the tendency of which is to hold the valve 19 on its valve seat. The pressure of the spring may be released by means of a lever 28, fulcrumed on a support29'on the head 12, and adapted to be actuated in the usual manner from some part of the enginemechanism, by

means of a rod 30.

The casing 11 also contains a tubular mounting 32, within Y which is vertically movable a valve-stem 33, upon the lower end ofwhichis. fixed avalve 34, normally closing an opening 35 in the lower end of the casing 11. A passage 36 connects this opening with an exhaust outlet 37 in the head 12. The passage 36 is enclosed on two sides by walls 38 and 39, and on the opposite sides by the wall of the casing 11, and is also off-set at its lower end, so that the wall 01 the opening 35 will be concentric with the valve-stem 33. The valve 34 is held normally on its seat by a coiled spring 40 on the upper end of the stem 33, and said valvestem may be manipulated by means of a rod and lever action similar to that shown for the valve-stem 18, but not set out in the drawings herein. The casing 11 also contains a tubular member 41, in the lower end of which is seated a sparkplug 42, the terminals of which project below the end of the casing, and by the sparking of-which a charge is ignited in the space below said casing.

, Thetubular members 17,32, and 41 and the inner walls of the passages 22 and 36 are entirely surrounded bya water space 43 v (Fig. '3), which has an extension, into the space 44 between the adjacent walls of I said passages. At the upper "end o f' said space is an opening 45, through which a. connection can be effected with the radiatorof the engine. The water space also extends downwardly to the lower endof the casing 11, surrounding the lower ends of the passages22 and 36, and valve'seats at the lower ends thereof, protecting said parts from an excessive amount of heat; The water space is also projected upwardly into the head '12, from which it communicates, through openings 46 with a water acket 47 enclosing the cylinder 10. When the engine is in operation the heating of the water in the lower part of the casing 11 causes a circulation of the water upwardly, which circulation is maintained throughout the entire water cooling system. The water in the lower part of the casing has a tendency to draw up through the narrow space 44, and

through the opening 45.

The heat in the intake and exhaust passages radiates through the walls 25 and 39, .and is carried off by the movement of the water. This is specially true of the wall of the exhaust conduit, through which .the hot gases are constantly passing, when theengine is in operation. There is also some radiation through the walls 24- and 38 and valve-stem mountings thereof. a I The size of thepassages 22 and 36 is such as to give thereto approximately the same capacity as that of the valves at the inner ends thereof. In practice the passage 44 could probably be considerably narrowed, and the size. of the conduits increased, until they would occupy practically one half of the circumference of the casing 11.. The valve-openings could thereby be proportionately enlarged, so that each one the eof ohwidus that it would he i'ifiposihleto' pht The i iti'ei wall gbffthe and thepi's't'o is, fitted 5h its: a d with an rexte'mal "channel "wgh'i ti i it; its per end with 's'imila hhh ei-s 505 the pper one of Whi'hiS fpref'efzibly' provided wrbh ,ofthe piston 13 the lower 6f the piSthh projects below the end bi the 10, and into the (iii-spray chamber "of the enfilm is: mghitdihed at Q l "tti'i ie's betfween the inner Wallhf the Cylinder (111d outer Wall of the piston 13. The oil 2118b piIS'Ses eve-r b tween the same; afid" the Wall of casing 11. A double seal of oil is this folfhd ;O'i1

a ain clash -"1he= charge thh- "opening ancl ci'o singa the "same;

ha-iist conduits lia-Vin openings in Oppij'site Ends of said cas ihgpell 'wihgthe -wa li o f the casing, and inwardly 'di vet ted wfltheir inrieteh ds valve clo'si ng jlihe inner: ends of 'sa'id; and" mea' ns f '1' suit ably i e; piston vpemshle' i rthe sp c between said cylih ie i- 'aiid saidfcz'l'il'ig; nheiiviis $01 fmning n oil seal on biaposi tefface'sr 0f 1 said i hth-W143i r i ngs hn the hmei enei'hf *said' basing prevent; passage; 035* Oil inwardly or l'em wig-e 'eles-ih gith iiiiier ends "0- id eondwiits, Mk8. i'ii'e a'i'is fair hi ta bly dpemhag a mi c losihg said valves; and avpiston operable in the space between-said cylinder andcasing, and pro vided on its outer face with one or more oil distributing jchannels cooperating with said first-named channels, p j

,4. A device of the class described, comprising an engine cylinder; a, cylindrical cas-. ing secured in oneend thereof, and provided with spaced apart intake and exhaust conduits having openings in opposite endsof said casing,- and following the walls'thereof, said casing forminga water compartmentj about said conduits, the space between such conduits forming an upward passage for the water, when heated valves for the inner ends of said conduits; means for suitably opening and closingsaid valves; a

piston operable in the space between said cylinder and' casing; and means for forming an oil seal aboutosaid piston to prevent leakage of gasaround the same. i

5. Adevice of the class described, com prising a cylinder provided in its inner wall with a series :of annular channels; a cylindrical casing secured in one end of said cylinder and spaced aparttherefrom, said casing forming ,a water compartment surrounding said conduits, and having means of communication with the water cooling system of said cylinder; valves 'closing the inner ends-of'said conduits, and

'means for suitably actuating said valves;

and a piston operable in the space between said cylinder and'said casing, provided on itsqouter wall with annular channels adapted to cooperate with thefirst named channels in distributing a film of oil upon saidipiston. I

6. In' an internal combustionengine of the class described, a valve supporting member comprising agcylindrical casing, having companion intake and exhaust conduits occupying approximately one-half of the circumferential space in said casing, the wall of said casing forming one of the walls of each of said conduits, and a valve-stem mountings formed integrally with the inner walls of said conduits.

7. In an internal combustion engine of the class described, avalve-s'upporting mem ber comprising a cylindrical casing containing companion spaced-apart intake and exhaust conduits of substantially tri-angular formation, occupying approximately onehalf of the circumferential space insaid casing, and provided at their inner ends with valve-openings oif-set from the main passages of said conduits; the wall of said casing forming one wall of-each of said conduits. and the other two walls of each thereof being exposed to heat-modifying elements contained within said casing.

' 8. In an internal combustion engine of the class mentioned, a valve-supporting member comprising a cylindrical casing provided with longitudinal partitions dividing said casing into-ta compartment for the circulation of heat modifying elements, and .a pair of similarfconduits with a nar row" space between, provided at one end with valve-openings centered on a diametrical line of said casing, the ends of said conduits being off-set to conform to the position of said openings, saidfconduits being disposed along thev wall' of saidcasing at one side of said diametrical line.- V

. 9. In' an internaloombustion engine of the class mentioned, a valvet-supporting' member comprising a cylindrical casing containing a pairof conduits'with a narrow space between ending at oneend in valve-openings centered on a diametrical line of said casing; and a head for said casing, provided with ports in communication with said conduits, said casing, the walls of said conduit, and said head being integrally formed. :7 i f 10. In an internal combustion engine of the class mentioned, a'valve supporting member comprising a cylindrical casing containing companion intake and exhaust conduits of a triangular formation, disposed on one side of a diametrical line of said casing, and provided at one end with valve openings centered on said diametrical line, said conduits being directed inwardly at their ends to conform thereto, and the wall of said casing forming one of the walls of each of said conduits; and a head for said casing, provided with ports in communication wlth said conduits, said casing and the head thereof, and the inner walls of said conduits being integrally formed.

11. In an internal combustion engine, of the class mentioned, a valve-supporting member comprising a cylindrical casing containing spaced apart intake and exhaust conduits provided with valve openings at one of their ends, said valve openings being centered on a line bisecting the circumference of said casing, and the conduits disposed at one sideof said line, and

diverted across said line at their ends, so as to coincide with said openings; a pair of valve-stem mountings centered on said hne the class described, a valve-supporting member comprising a cylindrical casing containing a pair of spaced-apart conduits occupying substantially one-half of the circumferential space in said casing, and pro- .vided at their inner ends with valve openings at a central point in the end of said casmg, the ends of said conduits being diverted toward such central point to permit a valve area of said openings commensurate with the capacity of said conduits; Valve-stem mountings adjacent to said conduits and concentric with said valve openings; a spark-plug housing in said casing, in the part thereof opposite to said conduits; and a hollow head for said casing, having ports in communication with said conduits, the space not occupied in said casing and head by said conduits, valve-stem mountings and spark-plug housing being designed for a quantity of heat modifying elements, in circulation.

13. In an internal combustion engine, in combination With a cylinder, and a piston adapted to reciprocate therein, a cylindrical casing attached to one end of said cylinder, so as to project into said piston, and containing an intake conduit and exhaust conduit, spaced from each other, and occupying substantially one half of the circumferential area of said casing; and Valves in the inner ends of said conduits, each of said valves having a diameter approximating one half of the diameter of said casing, the capacity of said conduits and the valves thereof being substantially the same, and the inner ends of the conduits being diverted I in the direction of said valves, so that such capacity may be maintained throughhout.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

ANTHONY J.'METIZ.

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