US1555604A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

, Sent. 29, 1925. A R PLAUT 1,555,604-

CARBURETOR- origi'nal Filed Jan. 5. 1918 2 sheets-sheet 1 Sept, 29, 1925. A, PLAPT 1,555,504

' CARBURETOR Original Filed Jan. 3. 1918 2 Shet sh g I 3144x14 6 0'0 JIPPM.

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Patented Sept. 29, "1 925 en'rornn 11?. PLAllrT, or nnass uranurac'ru arrcmean.

PATENToFFIcE.

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Applicatloxi an January a, rare, Serial in). 210,144. Renewed February 27,; 1925.

To "all 10,107); itma-y concern:

'Be it-known that I, An'rorma P. Pmrrr, a citizen of the Republic of France, residing at Flint, in the county of Gcnesee and State 5 of Michigan, "have'invented certain newand usetul Improvements in .Carburetors, of which the following is a sp ecification,v reference being had therein to the accompanying drawing. I This invention relates to certain. new and useful improvements in carburetors, the object being to provide a carburetor without any movable parts whereby a. richer min-' ture for the slower speed and idling of the engine to which the carburetor is attached, can be obtained automatically in a positive and a controllable manner, the specific com struction being such that by using the laws of flow of fluids in pipes any'clesiredsize of carburetor can cula t-ions." Another object of my invention s to pro-;

vide a carburetor with a main emulsifying 4.

chamber andan auxiliary expansion chamher, the auxiliary accelerating chamber-be ing provided with 'a fuel inlet and having a'series of air inlets whereby the fuel entering said chamber is partly, atomized before it enters the main emulsifying chamber.

Another and further'object of the invention isto provide a carburetor which isiextremely simple and cheap in construction.

and one in'which the parts are so arranged and connected together that the readily assembled or taken apart. f

AL'notherand further object of the. inven tion is to provide a carburetor with novel means for delivering fuel to the motor when idling or running the motor without a load; Other and further-objects and advantages of the invention. will be hereinafter set forth and the novel featuresthereof defined by the appended claims. i

y With theseobjects. in View,

Figiire l is a vertical section through my improved construction ofcarburetor.

\ Figure 2 .isa section taken on line 22 of Fig. 3, showing the air chamber and;the auxiliary expansion chamber.

Figure 3 is a horizontal section showing the position of the expansion chambers and air chambers; and

Figure 4&3 atop plan view of the same.

- Like numerals of reference refer to like be.made according to cal- 1 for connecti y can be fpartsfin; the several figures of the drawing. In carrylng out my invention! employ 'Haibodyil which'is preferably ,formed of a" cast nghavmg an air passage '2 provided .w th a lateral inlet 3 in which is mounted japvalve 4 for controlling the admission of arr said valve being carried by ,a stem 5 ,V having an arm 6 connected thereto to which is adapted to be'connected a dash control device in order to allow the position of the valve 4 within the air inlet to be adjusted I for the purposehereinafter fully described. The air passage '2 is provided with a threaded upper-end 7. into to be screwed the threaded portion 8 of a Venturi tube 9 which terminates at its upper' end in i1 throttle chamber 10 in which is mounted a throttle valve 11' of the ordinary" 'cons'truction.- The wall oi the throttle chamber'is' provided with the usual flange 7 ng the same to the-intake 'mani toldof the engine. a I The Venturi tube extends down'into the air passage as clearly-shown, and is provided with an exterior annular groove forming a main annularemulsifying'chamber 12 from which extends a series of diagonally arranged "passages 18 which communicate with .the interior of the Venturi tube at the most restricted portion thereof so as to form a plurality of jets-through which the -partially atomized fu Venturi-tube.

communicates with an auxiliaryadcelerating chamber 14 formed inthe body'l through a bore or passage l5iandthe auxiliary accelerlower end into which isscrewed a lfuel nozzle Y within? the auxiliary accelerating chamber.

.355 el is delivered into, the The annular emuisifying -chamber 12 ating chamber @isformed with a threaded i The fuel nozzle: 16 is provided with a 1 cali brated opening which'coinmunicates with a hollow-nipple 17 t'ornn'edori thebody, said nipple having a drain jjc0ckL18"screwed therein for closing the lower end-thereof" and to provide means for drain from the fuelreservoir.

' The auxiliary accelerating'cham V provided 'with a series of'air inlet ducts. 19

in the body parallel with the auxiliary acingthe fuel ber-14{ isi' 10a extending from an air chamber 20 formed celeratingcharpber, air chamber fioim s pp y Pin is provided with an air tube 21 at upper end in which is screwed a tubular valve 22 the lower end of the valve being adapted to seat on a valve seat 23 formed in the air tube. The walls of the air tube are provided with openings 21' for admitting additional air when desired, and it will be seen by this construction that by having the tubular valve withthe calibrated air passage apredetermined quantity of air will be ad-" mitted to the air chamber at all times, and by \the particular construction of valve and air inletsan additional supply of air can be admitted into the air chamber by opening thevalve, v

The body 1 has formed integral there'- with a fuel reservoir 261 which is provided with a fuel outlet 25 extending downwardly into the nipple 17 so that fuel from the reservoir will pass through the nozzle 16 and be delivered into the auxiliary accelerating chamber 14. The fuel reservoir 24 is closed by a removable cover 26 which is provided with a fuel inlet nipple 27 to which the adapted to be connected. The cover is provided with a valve seat 28 to receive a valve 29 controlled by a float 30 mounted in the-fuel reservoir for main-.

taining fuel within the reservoir at a level, approximately, on the line AA which is midway of the annular main emulsifying chamber. i

One wall of the Venturi tube 9 is enlarged as shown at 31 and is provided with a vertical bore 32 in which is arranged a tube 33,

' the lower end of which extends into the annular emulsifying chamber slightly below the fuel level, and the upper end communicates with a diagonally upwardly extendmg The bore 33 is provided with a valve seat 34, back of the bore 32 and in which is until it reaches the level, approximately,

midway the height of the main emulsifying chamber and when the motor is started this accumulated fuel will be forced out of the jets '13 by the current of air passing through the air ducts which produces a drop in pres-- sure in the throat of the Venturi tube, by

the velocity of the air going therethrough. This drop'in pressureis felt in the main and auxiliary accelerating chambers according to the quantity of air admitted through the airducts from the air chambers, that is, if the area of the air ducts is half the area of the'jets 13, thedrop in pressure in the expansion chamber 12 will be only ha f 9? bore 33 which extends into the throttle; chamber above the throttle valve thereof.

what it will be in the throat of the Venturi tube. The adjustable nozzle arranged in the bottom .of the auxiliary accelerating chamber will therefore be subjected to this last depression, and as the nozzle has its opening belowthefuel level in the fuel reservoir it will give a certain quantity of fuelfacco'rding to the suction plus another certain quantity, according to the difference in level, this,being regulated by adjusting the position of the nozzle into or out Of the auxiliary accelerating chamber.

When the engine is idling or the motor is runningwithout a load the velocityof the 'air through the Venturi tube is then too low to drawthe fuel through the jets 13, and the fuel will be picked up from the main emulsifying chamber by the tube 32 and dis-- charged above the throttle, and in this way no more fuel can be fed into the motor. than can be' discharged into the main emulsifying chamber, and as the passage is of such a-size as to take-care of many times as much fuel as will find its Way into the main. emulsifying chamber the air aswell as the fuel will be drawn therethrough; which on account of its velocity .helps to carry the fuel and break itupbefore it is delivered above the throttle. The suction can be regulated by the needle controlling the air inlet from the atmosphere- In the operation of the carburetor, constructed in accordance with my invention, when the engine is being started the valve 4 in the air inlet is' preferably closed,and as fuel from the fuel reservoir has accumulated within the main and auxiliary chambers and the air chamber which is always open to the atmosphere, a partial vacuum is created within the Venturi ,tube so as to cause the fuel to be drawn out of the main expansion chamber through the multiplicity-of jets, and as the fuel level is gradually reduced in these chambers the jets of air from the air chamber gradually pick up and atomize the fuel in the auxiliary accelerating chamber until theaccumulated supply has been exhausted so that the initial mixture is very rich so as to facilitate the'start= ing of the motor: to which the carburetor is attached. As the motor continues to run, fuel is constantly being delivered into the auxiliary expansion chamber through the nozzle, and as air is entering this chamber l through the series of air jets the fuel is partially atomized, and by the suction of the" engine isdrawn into the main emulsifying chamber from which it is delivered into the Venturi tube through the series of jets so that the incoming air will absorb and com pletely mix the partially mixed ex losive mixtures before it is delivered into e engine, it of course being understood that the valvein the air inlet only held closed on seeme m tor,

' through,

The fuel level is maintained afiproirh mately midway of the emulsifying c amber 12 of the compound chambers and when the motor is started, whatever fuel is in the chambers 12 and 14 as well as in the chamber 19'will be rushed out through the atomizing jets 13 by the currents of air blowing through the air ducts 19 on account of the drop in pressure produced in the tnroat'of the venturi by the velocity of the air going this drop in pressure being felt in chambers 12 and 14 according to the quantity of air admitted throughthe ducts 19, that is, if the area of the air ducts 19 is'half the area of the jets 13, the drop in pressure in the chambers will be only half of what it would be in the throat of the venturi; the nozzle 16 at the bottom of the chamber 14 will therefore'be subjected to the last de pression, because, the nozzle '16has its opening below the fuel level in the float chamber. This nozzle delivers a'certain quantity of fuel according to the suction plus another certain quantity according to the difference in level, this last quantity being regulated by letting the end of the nozzle proiect more or less into the chamber 14.

This construction provides means for delivering to the engine the proper mixture according to its load, and when the engine is idling the throttle is substantially closed,

and the velocity of air passing through the Venturi tube is reduced to such an extent as to be too low to carry the fuel, and as the passage connected with the throttle chamber above the throttle is in communication with the main emulsifying chamber, fuel and air will be drawn from the emulsifying chamher and delivered above the throttle from which it will be sucked to the engine so as to deliver the proper mixture thereto.

I claim:

1. A carburetor comprising-a body having an air passage-being provided with a constant level fuel reservoir, a Venturi tube fuel nozzle extending mounted in the upper end of said air assage, an'exterior annular groove forme on said Venturi tube forming an annular chamher, said annular chamber being in communication with said Venturi tube through a series of unclosable passageways, an auxiliary chamber in communication with the annular chamber, a nozzle disposed in said auxiliary chamber below the fuel level of said reservoir and an air reservoir having a plurality of ducts communicating with said auxiliary chamber.

2. A carburetor comprising a body having an air passage provided with a valve control air inlet, a Venturi tube mounted within the upper end of said air passage having a throttle valve at its upper end, a constant level fuel reservoir, a chamber surrounding said Venturi tube and in communication therewith through a series of unclosable passageways, an auxiliary chamber. in communioation with the annular chamber, a into said auxiliary chamber for delivering fuel constantly thereto, and an air chamber having a series of ducts disposed in different horizontal planes communicating with said auxiliary chamber.

3. In a carburetor, the combination with. a constant level fuel reservoir, of a vertically disposed Venturi tube having an annular emulsifying chamber in communication therewith through a series of unclosable passageways, the bottom of said emulsifying chamber being below the fuel level of said reservoir, an auxiliary chamber forming an accelerating well having a fuel nozzle at its bottom below the fuel level of said reservoir and in open communication with said annular emulsifying chamber, an air chamber and a series of air ducts communicating with said accelerating well.

In testimony signature.

ANTOINE P. PLAUT.-

whereof I hereunto afliz; my

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