US1551338A - Reaction turbine - Google Patents

Description

A. R. SIEGLER REACTION TURBINE Filedv May 31. 1924 Grignan;

Patented Aug. 25s 3925 v ARTHUR n, Sinatra, espumas, `C QLQMDC),

t Y REACTION rumana@ ,a 'l

j" v ,lippiieaticm tiled May 31J To @ZZ whom tmc-y concern:

Be it known that 1,1ART11UR R. SIEGLER, a citizen of the United States,V residing ,at Denver, in the city and county of Denver and State of Colorado, liave'invented cerp y Y v turbine, parts thereof being broken away to tain new and useful Improvements inRef action Turbines; `and Ido declare the vfollowing to be a full, clear,and exact Mdescription of vthe invention, such, as will enable others skilled in the art towhi'ch it apper-,i tains to make and use. the saine,` referenceIv being had to the accompanying drawings,

and to the characters of reference lmarked thereon, which form apart ofthis speciication. f i l This invention relates'to improvements in turbines. A

The problem to be solved in the design and construction of an eiiicien't turbine, is to abstract .all of the energy from'the water or the liquid 'employed as the source ofK4 energy. This is usually attained when the liquid leaves the turbine with a Zero velocity relative to the earth. Various types of turbines have been designed, some suitable for large volumes of water at low heads and others for small quantities of water at high heads, the latter type being what is usually referred to as impulse wheels.

It is well understood that impact or sudden retardation of the iiow of the water causes a loss of energy, from which results a diminution of the absolute and relative velocities of flow. lIt is, therefore, desirable that the direction of the lflow shall. be changed gradually through an angle of 360 degrees.

It is the object of this invention to produce a turbine that shall be so constructed and designed that the flow of liquid, from which it derives its power, will be gradually reversed in direction without impact or sudden shock, and which will permit the water to leave with an absolute velocity which is substantially zero.

My improved turbine, Vbriefly described,` comprises a wheel mounted for rotation and provided with curved channels or passageways through which the liquid may iiow and which are so designed that the absolute path of .the water will be a straight linefor a portion of its length and will thereafter be 'a gradual curve. Such a construction produces efficient operation.

My DVeDtOIl can be most clearly deficiency depends.

1924. serial vNb- 7113.921.r 5

" scribed and willfbe most readily when reference. is had, to the accompanyingY drawing, in vwhich the same `is illustrated, andl in vvhicli:'- v I Y Fig. 1 is a plan viewof myimproved more, `clearly show the construction, "the brokenv portions beingy a section talenjon l line 1-1, Fig. 3;.'

f Fig. 2 vis a section ltaken on linef2-l-2, Figi; I l 'j Fig: 3 is ka section `taken Yon'v line 3-3, Fig. 1;*

Fig. f4 isla diagram the path of thewater; and 4 *Fig 57's a v'ew showing `three,ofvithe channels asthoughthey lwereformed 'from sheet inetal and'laid in assembled relation. My improved turbine consists of a circular disk-like member 1 provided with a central axle 2, a number of passageways or channels 8.

respond to the vanes of an ordinary turbine.

The walls 4 of these channels cor- It is upon the particular shape of these pas sageways or channels that my improved ef- As' I have already pointedl out, itis my object to so construct the passageways that the absolute path of the water will'be substantially a straight line from the point m where it `iirst enters the passage. to

- the point marked y (Fig. 4) and thence'in a gradual curve to point e. To accomplish this result, it becomes necessary to so curve the passagewvaysthatl the resultant of the motion of. the turbine and the movement of the water in the passage will be alongline y (Fig. 4). The point y (Fig. 4) corresponds to the point marked 5 in Fig. 1. When a certain particle of water has reached this point, itca'n no longer continue in the direction x y, butstarts on its travel towards the exit 6. l/Vhen the curvature of the passageway from point 5 to 6 is properly designed, the absolute path of a waterparticle from 5 to 6 will be substantially as shown in Fig. 4 and represented by the part y a.l

vAs shown in Fig. 1 the channels'from the tion is clockwise. In order that the channels-shall havethe proper shape and be suticiently numerous, they Vwill lhaveto loverlap to some extent. Considering now Fig. 1, let us designate three adjaCentchannelS-as A, B and C. Channel A has a gradual curvature up to the point a or where it v'inakes'an abrupt turn and proceeds radially inwardly to the exit openings-6. Thechannel B is identical in size and shape with channel A.

and has its point Z) extending over channel A. Channel() has its yangle c extending vvve'rchannel B and it also overlaps the channel A to some extent. This 'overlapping fmakes it necessary that thechannels shall' l'be twisted yin the manner 'shown in Fig. 5 so as to 'prevent them havingto be built up into Athree layers. l

The passageways or channels are pretervably `first formed froin'th'in sheet steel which can be twisted intothe proper shape. TheV "formed channels are 4their assembled in the manner indicated in Fig. 5, after whichtlrey are-embedded in'netal by havingthe latter poured over them in molten to'rr'ri. The. pas- Asag'eway's or channels may, of course,V be" iformed ^inthe c'astlngjby cores, 'whlch are first assembled in a manner analogous to that shown 'in Fig. 5.

It is desirable that the cross section of the passageways or channels shall be of constant area throughout their length.

Having now described my invention, what 'I claim as new is:

radial, said channels having portions inclined and overlapping adj acent channels.

2. A turbine having a plurality ot chan- 'nels extending inwardly from the periphery kthereof'tow'ards the center's the channels be- 'ingseparated by vane-s whose outer ends are concave in Ithe* direction of travel and whose 'inner -ends Aare substantially radial, the radial 'portions being joined to the outer `curved 'portion at an angle, said angular portion: of 'each channel overlapping the adjacent channel.

In testimony whereof I aiiix my signature.

ARTHUR n. sIEGJIiER.

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