US1544055A

US1544055A - Warping

Info

Publication number: US1544055A
Application number: US190501A
Authority: US
Inventors: Howard D Colman
Original assignee: EDGAR S NETHERCUT
Current assignee: EDGAR S NETHERCUT
Priority date: 1917-09-10
Filing date: 1917-09-10
Publication date: 1925-06-30
Anticipated expiration: 1942-06-30

Description

Juneau, 1925.

H. D. COLMAN wARPING original Filed sept. 1o, 1917 9 Sheets-Shes# l\ FIC. 2,

9 Sheets-Sheet 2 WARPI NG TIITITH H. D. COLMAN Original Filed Sept. 10, 1917 June 30, 1925.

6m-messes:

June 30, 1925.

,H. D. coLMAN WARPING Original Filed Sept. lO, 1917 9 Sheets-Sheet S FIC-.5.

June 30, 1925. 1,544,055

H. D. COLMAN WARPING Original Filed Sept- 10, 1917 e sheets-sheet 4 FICQ.

FlChll. 7 2 33 June 30, 1925.

H.v D. COLMAN WARPI NG Original Filed Sept. 10. 1917' 9 Sheets-Sheet 5 "HHH Il ILL. L3 Il www Imilil .lll 1 A Q' Mmsses: O2

H. D. COLMAN 4June 3o, 1925.

` WARPING original Filed sept. 1o, 1917 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 WWSSGS:

June- 30, 1925.

H. D. COLMAN ,WARPING Original Filed Sept. lo, 1917 9 Sheets-Sheet 7 W/nesses SGE June 30, 1925. 1,544,055

H. D. CLMAN wARPING Orginl Filed Sept. l0, 1917 9 Sheets-Sheet 8 FIC.. 241., 44

June- 3.0, 1925. 1,544,055

H. D. COLMAN WARPING origina Filed sept. 10, 1917 9 sheetssheet 9 IH H Hilll yPatented June 36, 1925.

UNITED STATES y N v1,544,055 PATENT oFFlcE.

How/Ann n.- coLnAN', or nocnroa'n, ILLINOIS, AssrGNon, BY MEsNtE ASSIGNMENTS, f' To Encan s. NETHERCUT, or' EvANsToN, ILLINOIS.

WARPING.

Application led September 10, 1917, Serial No. 190,501. Renewed FebruarylO, .1923.

'To 'all wlw/m# may concern:

' Be it known that I, HOWARD' D. COLMAN, a citizen of the United States, residing at Rockford, in the county of Winnebago and due slackening of the threads, thereby ob-v State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Warping, of

.which the following is a specification.

This inventionrelates to the winding of' yarn upon a warp beam from. individual yarn masses which rotate to supply the yarn.

By means of-inventions disclosed in prior patents granted to me, the time required to replenish a warper creel has been much reduced and the winding speed has been increased to several times that heretofore possible,vwhereby production has been greatlyl increased.l The present invention has for its general object toincrease production still further by reducing the time consumed in connecting new supply yarn masses to an empty warp beam, and in separating the completed beani from the supply yarn4 mounted upon thecreel in close proximity| to their respective supply, yarn masses. The detectors have been arranged to close an electric circuit upon the breakage or unviating the use of much mechanism 'which otherwise would be necessary owing to the wide distribution of the detectors and effecting more prompt actuationof the creel brakes, the beam brake andthe mechanism that throws out the drive for the Warper.

One of the objects of the invention is to provide means for exerting a light pressure upon the supply. arn.- masses to prevent coasting thereof' w ile. the warper is being operated .at low speed or in case'the threads be casually disturbed.

invention will be apparent from the following disclosure of one embodiment thereof. Y'

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a side elevation of an apparatus embodying the features of my invention, many of the supply yarn masses and associated parts being omitted for the sake of clearness. Fig. 1a is a fragmental view. of a comb that may be used on the Warper. Fig. 2 is a top plan view of the apparatus, the resetting mechanism and the devices for supporting extra cheeses being omitted. Fig. 2 is a view of the beam brake. Fig. 2b illustrates one Way in which the threads ma' be@ guided in passing from the creel to t e warper. Fig. 3 is a topplan view of the creel. Fig. 4 is a fragmental perspective view illustrating the pivot for the lower end of each gate and the stops for limiting swinging mo' ement of the gate. lFig. 5 is a fragmen al transverse vertical sectional view of the creel. Fig. 6 is a horizontal sectional view taken in the plane 'o dotted line 6 of Fig. 7. Fig. 7 is a view generally similar to that of Fig. 5.- Fig. 8fillustrates two of the detectors with which the creel is provided. Fig. 9 is an inner side view of a portion of the creel showing the braking mechanism. Fig. 1 0 isa fragmental sectional view of one of the creel brakes. Fig. 11 is a sectional view taken in the plane of dotted line 11 of Fig. 10. Fig. 12 is a section on dotted line 12 of Fig..10. In Figs. 11 and 12 the brake may be assumed to be moving/into braking position, having touched the cheese.

13 is a view similar to Fig. 12, but show-1 ing the braking pressure as being applied.4 Figs. 14 and 15 illustrate-one of the detectors and the circuit-closer operated thereby. Fig. 16 illustrates a part of the electrical connections between the detectors and the electromagnet. Fig. 17 is a fragmental top plan view of one 'of the gates with which the creel is provided. Fig. 18 i asection on 4dotted line 18 of Fig. 15. fragmental top plan view of av detector showing how the detector may draw the thread into loops to take up slack in the thread. Fig. 20 is a fragmental view of some of the operating connections between the resetting mechanism -and the warper.v Fig. 21 is aside elevation of the resetting l mechanism. Fig. 22 is an elevation of the 'Further objects and advantages of the opposite side of said mechanism. Fig. 23 is an end elevation of the resetting mecha nism looking from the left-hand side of 22. Fig. 24 is a ragmental view of theresetting mechanism showin the 'parts in the drag pressure position. ig. 25 is a top Fig. 27 is a ragmental view of the resetting.

mechanism showing approximately the position assumed by certain parts when the brakes are applied. Fig. 28 illustrates a.

brake for the resetting mechanism. Fig. 29

is a section on line 29 of Fig. 26. Fig. 30 is i i lqawsvegction on line 30 of Fig. 26. Fig. 31 is a view on dotte f line 31 of Fig. 26. Fig.

32 is a fragmenta top plan view of thefdriv ing mechanism for the warper. Fig. 3,3 is a vertical sectional view taken approximate` ly in the planeof dotted line 33 of Fig. 32. Fig. 34 containsv a diagram of the electrical circuits used in this apparatus and illustrates in vertical section a speed-controlled switch included in the circuits. Fig. 35 is a topplan view of certain parts shown in Fig. 33.

While the invention is applicable to the rewinding of various forms of yarn masses, it is herein disclosed as embodied in a machine for rewinding yarn masses in the form of cylindrical cheeses a (Fig. 6). Each cheese consists of yarn spirally wound upon a tubular core b. The creel in which the cheeses are mounted may be of any suitable construction, that herein shown being, generally similar to the creel disclosed in Patent No. 1,207,138, dated December 5, 1916. The cheeses are rotatably supported upon spindles 1 (Fig. 5), four cheeses in the present embodiment being carried by each spindle. The cheese cores Vare not mounted drectly `uponthe spindles, but are carried by rollers 2 which are rotatably supported upon the spindles. Preferably vball bearings are interposed between the rollers 2 and the spindles,4 in order that the cheeses may re vvolve with great freedom. It will be understood, however, that in certain aspects the present invention is independent of the particular means herein shown for supporting the supply yarn masses..

' In the construction herein illustrated, the Yspindles 1 are arranged in groups of three, each group being fixed to a hase 4 (Figs. 5 and 6). Each base 4 withs itsrows of spindles 1 will hereinafter be termed a trident. The tridents are removable from the framework of the creel and are adapted to beused at the winder as a receptacle for the cheeses when the latter are removed from the winder. Y

The framework of the creel may be of any suitable character, although the construction herein disclosed is very advantageous. As herein shown, it consists of two upright frames 6 and 7 (Fig. 2) which are adjacent each other at one end and separated Jfrom each other at the opposite end so as to constitute a Vshape structure. The

frames 6`kand 7 are suitably braced and connected together. In the" particular embodiment selected for illustration, each of the

frames

6 and 7 is composed of six bays,

'left-hand side of each bay are sockets 8 (Figs. 5 and 6) each intended to receive one end of the base 4 of a trident. At the righthand side of the bay are sockets 10 (Fig. 5)

to receive the tips of the spindles. As will be lapparent from Figs. 1 and 2, the spindles 1 are disposed horizontally and extend lon-- gitudinally of the

frames

6 and 7. Each bay is provided on its outer side with a hinged gate 12- (Fig. The gate may be pivoted in any suitable manner. The present embodiment comprises a pivot for the lower end of the gate, as shown in Fig. 4, 13 being a pivot pin secured to a frame bar 14. The gate is held out of contact with the frame bar 14 by means of an annular flangeor washer 15 on the pin 13. The extent of the opening movement of the gate is limited by a stop 16 secured to the frame bar 14. The closed position of the gate is determined by a stop 17 secured to the frame bar 14. The upper end of the gate consists of a cross-bar 18 (Fig. 16) which has an opening through which a pivot pin 19 extends. Said pivot pin is carried by a casting 20 (Fig. 7) which is rigidly secured in the creel framework. The gate is held shut by means of a latch 21 pivoted to the casting 20 at 22, said latch being arranged to engage the end of the bar 18 as shown in Figs. 6 and 7. 23 is a tension spring which normally holds the los lio

prises detectors mounted upon the gates 12,

there being a detector for each cheese. The detectors for each vertical rowv of cheeses are mounted upon a support which may have the form of an .upright square-tube 26 (Figs. 15 and 18). Each gate comprises four such tubes. Each detector consists of an arm 27 (Fig. 15) preferably formed of a piece of wire bent to provide a pivot '28, the arm being in the form of a loop so asv to provide two parallel portions against which the thread bears. ,These parallel portions are bent so as to provide notches 29 (Fig. 14) through which the thread may run. As best shown in Fig. 6,'the detector or pivoted arm 27 is located in the vertical plane in which the cheese-rotates. The thread changes direction. at the the detectorV and runs to a comb on the warper. The tension of the thread normally holds the arm 27 in contact with. a stop rod 30 against theJ action of gravity. At the side toward which the arm 27. tends to fall are two`

plates

31 and 32, against the edges 33 of which the thread is carried by the arm 27 if the thread becomes slack. As the arm' 27 swings down, the thread is drawn into the form of two loops, as shown in Fig. 19. 34 isv a guide plate which, like the

plates

31 and 32, is Secured to the tube 26, the uppe'r portions of" said plates being parallel. The

plates

32 and 34 are secured together by the stop rod 30. The arm 27 extends above the

plates

31, 32 and 34. In the warper-replenishing operation, the thread passes into operative relation to the detector by moving upwardly along the curved edge 35 of the plate 34, the edge 35 4serving to guide the thread into the notch 29 ofthe adjacent portion of the arm 27. The rounded upper end of the .plate 32 a1- lows the thread to spring over the upper end of said plate 32 into contact with the sloping upper end of the arm 27, the thread being thus guided into the space between the arm 27 andthe edge 33.

` is.arranged to swin When the arm 27 falls into the dotted-line position indiocated at in Fig. 14, an electric circuit is closed, whereby the brakes. are released to action. A ,contact arm 36 is attached to the pivot 28 of the arm 27 and into contact with an electric conductor. 3

tion shown in said figure, in the course of 'which movement the pivot 28 rotates vwithin .the clip 36 until .the said pivot has madel a little more than a -quarter of a revolution Within the clip,l when the resiliency of the clip causes the clip to swing through the remainder of the half revolution. The arm 27 may then be permitted to swing freelyinto the position shown at y in Fig. 14, in which position the arm 36 is out of contact with the conductor 37. To restore the detector to operative condition, the arm is\ swung up into contact with the stop 30, in which movement vtheA arm 36 is carried against one -wall of the tube 26, the `con-- tinuing upward movementof the detector arm 27 causing relativeA rotation between the pivot 28 and the arm 36 until the latter snaps into normal relation to said pivot.

It will be apparent that the tube 26 serves extending longitudi-4 nally of and within the tube 26.

to enclose the contacts 36 and conductors 37 and thus keeps said parts free from dust and lint. It will also be seen that each tube 26 and its contained conductor 37 and contacts 36 constitute a series of enclosed electric switches. I

In Warpers of the prior art where electric stop motions were employed,` it was necessary to use a current of relatively low voltage for the reason that the electriccontacts `were exposed and the use of high voltage Would have involved danger of fire due to the accumulation of lint and the like at the contacts.v Such Warpers, however, were of very limited usefulness, since lint, dirt, rust, etc., collectingat the contacts prevented or rendered uncertain the passage of the lowvoltage current. I employ a currentv of sufficiently high voltage to ensure passage. of the current between the contacts'36 and 37 when the switch is closed, the use of suchy voltage being rendered safe by reason of the fact that each switch is completely enclosed and thus kept free of lint and dust.

The upper end portions of the conductors 37 of the several tubes 26 comprised in each gate extend up through andare insulated from the cross-bar 18, as shown in Fig. 16, the' upper ends of the conductors being secured to a bar, 8 mounted on and insulated from the gate. The end of the bar 38 which is adjacent to the pivot pin 19 is connected into an electric circuit by means of a wirev 39 (Fig. 17) secured to said bar and coiled around the pivot pin, the coil being insulated from' the pivot pin by means of a sleeve 40 of insulating material and being enclosed within a similar sleeve 41. The upper end of the wire 39 is connected to a binding post 42 carried by an insulating block 43 secured to the framework of the creel. The wires 39 of the several bays are electrically connected in any suitable manner into the circuit of an electromagnet 44 (Figs. 22 and 34). When.said circuit i's grounded through the dropping of any one of the detector'arms 27, the electromagnet 44 is energized and thus caused to withdraw a detent which normally holds lthe brake mechanism inoperative;

Referring now to the creel brakes. any given stop/each cheese .coasts aboutthe same amount as .any of the other cheeses, because the cheeses are all approximately of the same size and because of the character of the braking surfaces. While these 'surfaces maybe of any suitable type, form or arrangement, the present embodiment utilizes the periphery of the cheese as one of the braking surfaces, the other# being a polished metal'plate. The rubbing of the yarn against the plate in stopping keeps the plate 'bright so that thel surface condition of the plate remains verynearly constant. As stated, the other braking surface is the yarn,

and as a new surface is constantly being presented to the brake (owing to the unwinding of the yarn) there is no change in the characteristics `of 'this surface due to wear, and other changes due to such causes `as temperature and humidity affect all of the cheeses alike.

45 (Figs. 5 and 9) indicates the polished /metal plate or arm comprised in each cheese 1,0 brake. The arm ,45 preferably presents a convex surface to the yarn mass and is arranged to bear against the middle of the periphery of the cheese in order that when the arm is pressed against the cheese the 15 latter shall not be tilted or displaced to one side so as to bring its core binto contact `with an adjacent core. The brake arms 45 are pivotally mounted upon horizontal rock shafts 46 which are supported upon the inner'side of the creel frame. Preferably theA brake arms 45 extend upwardly from the `shafts 46 so that the pressurepof the arms against the cheeses shall be in a horizontal or downward direction'rather than an upf 2,5 ward direction, thus avoiding any lifting of the cheeses with consequent tendency to tilt. the latter into contact with adjacent cheeses.

n For each brake arm thereis a sleeve 47 (Fig. 10) which surrounds and is rigidly secured to the shaft 46 by means of a cotter pin 48. Enclircling the middle portion of said sleeve and secured theretoby the pin' 48 are twwo notched

flanges

49 and 50. A. relatively light torsion spring 51 surrounds the sleeve 47. One end of said spring is hooked t engage the brake arm an'd the other end is hooked to engage in notches in y the fiange 49. Bylshifting the hooked end of the spring from one notch to another,

theI torsion of the spring may be adjusted to the desired point. The torsion spring 51 normally holds a shoulder 52, (Fig. 11 on the brake arm against a stop shoulder 53l on the flange 49. stronger torsion 45 spring 54 surrounding the sleeve -47 has one end hooked to engage in notches in the flange 50. The other end of the spring 54 bears against a lug 55 (Fi 12) on the flange 56 of a collar 57, sai collar being rotatably mounted upon the sleeve 47. Normally the torsion spring 54 holds a lug 58 on the flangev56' `in contact with a stop lug 59 onthe adjacent end of the sleeve v47.

l When the shaft46 turns to apply braking pressure to the cheeses, the movement of the stop lug 59 allows the flange 56 alsoto turn until the surface 60 (Fig. 12) on said flange engages the portion 61 of the brake arm 45 (as 1n Fig.: 13),

. 05. with relation 'to the shaft 46 is indicated in' continuing movement of 4 6 the shaft' 46 -causingpressure to be ap lied Figs. 11 and 12. When the brake is to be applied, the shaft 46 turns farther than is necessary to place the brake arm against the cheese, as indicated by a comparison of Figs. 12 and 13, the surface 60 being pressed against the portion 61 of the brake arm and the torsion of both

springs

51 and 54 being exerted to brake the cheese. The brakeapplying movement of the shaft 46 is so rapid that the pressure of both springs is applied practically instantaneously to the` cheese. In the return movement of the shaft 46, however, the shaft is first turned far enough to withdraw thesurfaceA 60 from the portion 61, but not far enough to place the shoulder 53 against the shoulder 52. In

vthis position of the shaft 46, only the p ressure of the spring 51 is being exerted against the cheese through the brake arm V45, this pressure being nearly sufficient to cause slight resistance to rotation of the cheeses. Such resistance is necessary or desirable when thesection beam B is being revolved slowly preparatory to shifting to high speed. The drag or yarn-tensioning pressure on the cheeses also 1s of advantage when the ap'paratus is at rest, as it prevents the cheeses from revolving too freely when threads are drawn forward in replenishing the creel or piecing up broken threads, or inthe event that any of the threads are accidentally disturbed. The drag pressure, however, is necessary only when thecheeses are mounted to revolve very freely, as is the case in the construction herein disclosed. In a creel wherein the cheeses are not mounted to rotate with great freedom, the construction providing the drag pressure may be dispensed with.

, Themeans for'tur'ning the shafts 46 comprises two'vertical bars 62 (Figs. 6 and 7), one for each of the creel sections 6 -and 7, said bars being suitably guided upon the creel sections. Each .bar has fixed thereto a rack 63 for each of ther shafts 46 of its vcreel section, except the lowermost shaft.

To all of said shafts, except the lowermost shaft, are fixed segments 64 that mesh with the racks 63. lOn account of limitations of space, thelowermost shaft 46 is not actuated directly from a rack on the bar 62 but is driven from the next higher shaft through sprocket wheels 65 and asprocket chain 66. To the'. upper ends of the bars 62 are secured bearings 67 (Fig. 23) kto receive the end portions of ahorizontal rod 68. Said rod is gui-ded for vertical movement by means of two vertical channel guides 69 (Figs. 3 and 23) secured in the framework 'of the machine, there being antifriction rollers 70 on the ends of the rod 68. The rod 68 is raised and lowered to actuate the racks by means including rods 71 connected to the rod 68 and pivoted to crankvarms 72 (Figs. 22 and 23). The crank` arms 72 are fixed upon a rock shaft 73. The means for turning the shaft 73 in the direction to apply the brakes comprises an arm 74 fixed upon said shaft, to v'which arm is anchored one end of a group of tension springs 75. The other end of theV` group of springs is adjustably connected to a fixed point, as, for example, by means of a bolt 76 extending slidably through an opening 77 in the machine framework, said bolt having a nut 78 (Figs. 3 and 22) /thereon Rigid with the nut 78 is a hand wheel 79 by means of which the tension of the springs 75 maybe adjusted. The springs 75 are normally restrained from turning the shaft 73 by means of a dog 80 (Figs. 22 and 24) pivoted at 81 .upon an arm 82 fixed on the shaft 73. The'dog 80 has a counterweight 83 that normally rests against a stop 84von the arm 82. 85 is a stop vlug on the arm 82 to limit movement of the dog 80 in the opposite direction.- The dog 80 normally bears against a flattened surface or shoulder 86 on a pivot 87 rotatably mounted in the machine frame. Rigid withthe pivot 87 is an arm 88 (Fig. 22) the endl of which underlies a finger 89 (Figs. 22 and 26). The finger 89 is fixed upon a shaft 90 and is normally Lheld in the position shown in Fig. 22 by means of a spring-91 (Fig. 31) connected to an arm 92 which is fixed on they shaft 90, the action of the spring being vlimited by the engagement of astop arm 93 on the shaft with a stationary portion 94. Fixed upon the shaft 90 is an arm 95 (Figs. 26 and 29) carrying a lug 96 which is arranged to be engaged by a lug 97 on the hubof an arm 98, said arm being rotatably mounted upon the shaft 90. .The arm 98 carries an armature 99 which is arranged tobe attracted by the electromagnet 44. 100 is a stop to limitthe fall of the 4armature when the electromagnet is deenergized. It will be seen 'that when the electromagnet 44 is energized through the fall of any one of the detector arms 27, the armature 99' will be lifted, the? projection 97 will strike the projection 96 and cause the shaft 90 to turn against the tension ofthe spring 91, and the finger 89 will be withdrawn from engagement with the arm 88. 'l'he pressure off the dog 80* against the surface 86 will then cause lthe pivot 87 to turn until the dog 80 is released, whereupon the springs 75, acting through the arm 74, turn the shaft 73 in the direction to apply the brakes to the-cheeses. At the end of the brake-applying movement of the shaft 73,

the arm 82 1s in approximately the positionu represented in Fig. 27. 101 (Fig. 22) is a'bufij'er against which the arm 88 is thrown under the pressure of the do-g 80. As soo-n as the dog 80 has swung do-wn past the pivot 87, the arm 88 drop-s back into contact with a stop 102 (Figs. 22 and 26). l f' It wlLbe seen .that the pressure forbraking the cheeses is furnished by the springs 75. The torsion springs 51 and9 54 constitute yielding means for transmitting such pressure to the cheeses. Being yieldingly connected to the rock shafts 46, the brake arms 45 are enabled to move into contact.

with all' of the` cheeses `notwithstanding slight dierences in the diameter` of the cheeses. The springs 75 contract untiltheir force is counterbalanced by the pressure of the torsion springs 51 and 54 against the magnet 44.be cut ofl','thebrakes shall be automatically set. Accordingly there is provided an electromagnet 103 (Figs. 22'and 30), the armature 104 of which is carried by a weighted lever 105 loosely mounted oil the shaft 90. On the lever 105 is a lug 106 (Figs.` 26 and 30) which is arranged to strike the arm 95 and thus withdraw the finger 89 from the arm 88. The magnet 103 is connected into a normally closed circuit receiving energy from the source that supplies energy to the circuit of the magnet he employed is diagrammatically illustrated in Fig. 34. 108 is a switch controlling the supply of'electric energy to the circuits of the

magnets

44 and 103. Should the supply of current t`o the conductors 37 fail, as through the opening of the switch 108, the magnet 103 will be deenergized, whereupon the creel brakes will be automatically appliedas hereinbefore described.

'In order thagtf, lthe flow of current to ground shall be'finterrupte'd as soon as the dog has been-released, I provide a switch 109 comprisingtwo contacts 110 carried by but insulated from the shaft 73 (Figs. 22 and 34). Lach contact-110`is1 arranged to bridge two contacts 111 included in the circuits containing the conductors 37 and the electromagnet 44. When the shaft 73 turns 'to apply the 'creel brakes the contacts 110 are carriedout of engagement with the contact "fingers 111', thereby interrupting the flow of current to ground through the fallen 44. One arrangement of circuits which-may detector and the magnet 44.\ As soon as the of the warper. The 'yarn wound around the beam Brests upona friction driving drum 122. Said'drum lfixed upon a shaft 4123 ldescribedin my .copending application Sewhich is driven from a shaft 124 by means of a sprocket chain 125 running over sprocket wheels 126 and 127 fixed on the shafts 123 and 12A, respectively. The shaft 124 is supported in the rear portion of the warper framework. Saidshaft is driven by means of a drive-head fully illustrated and said brake arms are pivotally secured to the framework of the warper at 132 (Fig. 1). Said arms are arranged to 'be drawn into braking engagement with the drum 130 by tension spring means 133 (Fig. 2a) Normally the brake arms 131 are held apartV and out of engagement with the brake drum by means of a lever 134 and links 135, said links having pin-and-slot connections whereby the.

lever 134 is permitted to turn after the brake arms 131 have engaged the brake drum. The lever 1 34 is fixed upon a shaft 136, to which is attached a crank arm 137 (Fig. 1). The crank arm 137 is connected by means of a rod 138 to a crank arm 139 which is iixedupon a rock shaft 140. Rigid with the shaft 140 is a crank arm 141 which is connected by means of a rod 142 with a crank arm 143 fixed on the shaft 73. It will be seen that when the shaft l73 is released to the action of the springs 7 5, the lever 134 will be turnedto allow the spring -means 133'to draw the brake arms 131 into clamping engagement with the brake drum 130,

thereby stopping the rotation of thesection beam. By reason of the lost-motion connections between the lever 134 and the links 135, the beam-brake pressure is independentv of any braking forces being exerted-in', the

h Creel.

The means for turning the shaft 73 to withdraw the brake arms 45 from the cheeses and remove the brake arms 131 from the brake drum 130 comprises a wheel 144 (Figs. 22 and 24) mounted to rotate on an axis parallel with the shaft 73. )Vhen the wheel 144 begins to turn, a cam 145 on said. wheel engages a roller stud 146 on-the arm 82 and lifts said arm. Just before the cam 145 passes out from under the roller stud 146, a cam 147 on the wheel 144 engages'a roller 148 on the arm 82 and lifts said arm into the position shown in Fig. 24, the roller 148resting uponia dwell 149. In this position of the arm 82 the rock shafts 46 have `been turned far enough to remove the surfaces 60 from the portions 61 of the brake arms 45 so that the brake arms are pressed against the cheeses onlywith `the pressure provided by' the springs 51. In this posi tion ofthe parts the brake arms 45 exert only sufficient pressure against the cheeses to prevent too free rotation of the cheeses during the operations incident to the repairing of broken threads and the replenishing of the cree] and in preparing to shift to high speed. 'The arm 82 remains* in the position shown in Fig. 24, namely, the drag position, until the operative is ready to set the warper to running at high speed. The wheel 144 is then caused to resume rotation whereupon the cam 150 raises the arm 8.2 somewhat beyond its normal position, thus carrying the dog 80 past the shoulder 86. As soon as the cam 150 leaves the roller 148, the springs75 cause the dog 80 to be pressed against theshoulder 86. The arm -132 is thus locked in normal position, the

pivot 87 being held against rotation by reason of the engagement of the finger 89 with the arm 88.

The brake-resetting wheel 144 is driven through a train of reduction gears 151 from a drive pulley 152. Alongside the drive pulley '152 is a loose pulley 153. A drive belt/154 (Fig. 1) is 4arranged to be shifted teand from the pulley 152 by means of a belt shifter comprising a belt-engaging arm v155 and a lever 156, saidl arm and leverv being pivoted on the axis 157 (Fig.

Normally the

parts

155 and 156 are rigidly connected together vby means of a spring plunger 158 carried by the part 155 and engaging a notch 159 in the part 156. A spring 160 acting on the shifter member 156 normally holds the belt on the loose pulley 153. On the rock shaft 73 is fixed a cam 161 (Figs. 23 and 25) which is arranged to operate against a projection 162 on the 4belt shifter member 156 to swing the belt shifter in the direction Vto place the drive belt on the tight pulley 152. When the shaft 73 is turned to apply the creel brakes and the beam brake, as hereinbefore described, the cam 161 operates the belt shifter to'place the belt on the tight pulley, whereby the wheel 144 is set in motion.

As the wheel 144 raises the arm 82, the

cam 161 is withdrawn from the projection 162 on the shifter lever 156. In order toz prevent the spring 160 from shifting the belt to the loose pulley until the dwell 149 has reached the roller '148, I provide a lock for the belt shifter, which lock consists of a latch 163 (Figs. 24 and 25) that is pivoted at 164 tov the supporting framework, said latch having a shoulder 165 arranged to engage anarm 166 that is rigid with ,the shifter lever 156.. When the shifter ,lver is moved to place the belt upon the vtight pulley, theshoulder 165 on the ylatch 163 .continuing to turn throughi drops behind the am 166 Land thus locks the belt shifter. The means for disengag'ing the latch 163 from the arm 166 comprises a cam 168 on the wheel'144. When the dwell 149 l has reached the roller 148 he can1'168 raises the. latch 163 and thus releases the belt shifter'to the action ofthe spring ,160, whereupon the belt is shiftedvto ther loose pulley 153. At the same time a brake lug 169 (Fig. 28) which is 'rigid with, the belt shifter `arm 155 is'pressed against the tight pulley 152 to prevent the wheel 144'fron1 omentum.

, When the operative is ready to set the ma,-

lImmediately after the cam 150 has chine in operation under high'speed, she

manually operates the belt shifter by means hereinafter described to place the belt up'- on the tight pulley 152, the latch 163 dropping into position to 4lock the belt shifter as soon as the cam 168 leavesthe latch. passed the roller 148, a cam 170 (Fig. 24) on the wheel 144 engages the latch 163 and thus releases the belt shifter tothe action of the spring 160 whereupon the belt is shifted to the loose pulley and the brake lug 169 isl applied to the tight pulley 152.

Whenever the belt shifter is operated to -place the belt on the tight pulley, means is actpated to raise the lever 105 in case said lever. has been released by opening of the circuit of the electromagnet 103.` This means comprises a link. 171 pivoted at one lend of the shifter arm 155 and at its other per end of said rod being bent .to underlie the armature 104m Whenever the brakes are applied through an opening of the circuit of the electromagnet`103, the belt 154'is shifted to the tight pulley 152 )through the action of the cam 161, and the member 17 3 is raised to lift the 'arm 105 into position `where the 4magnet 103 can attract the armature 104 when current' is said magnet.

After the warper stop motion has stopped again supplied to .the.w,arper, the operativel finds -the threadend on the beam and pieces up the thread. Tov facilitate the finding of the end on the beam, the operative may set the beam in slow rotation by depressing a treadle-174 (Fig. 1) which is pivoted tothe warper framework on the axis 175. Rigid with said treadle is an arm 176 which has a pin-andslot connection with an arm' 177 fixed to a shaft 178. Rigid with theo shaft 178 is a crank arm 179 (Fig. 33,) which is connected by means of the link 180 to one arm of a bell crank'181fwh/ich` is looselyl pivoted upon a shaft 182 carried by the warper framework. The other arm of said bell crank is conn'ec'tedl through a link 183 with a frame 184 The sprocket wheel 189 is rotatably mounted in the frame 184 and is lrigid with a pinion 191 that meshes at all times with a `spur gear Wheel 192 which is rotatably supported in the warper framework concentrically with the haft 124. Upon the'hubl of the gear whee 192 is formed an annular series of teeth 193 (Fig. 33) lwhich are arranged to engage one of several pawls 194 pivoted to the side of the friction drum 130. A ten sion spring 195 connected to the frame 181. normally holds the friction wheel 186 out of contact with the friction wheel 187. The action of the spring is limited by contact of the arm 177 (Fig. 1) with a stop portion 196 on the warper framework. i

It will be seen that when the operative theconstantly-rotating friction wheel 187,.

whereby the pinion 191 will be driven. -In the resulting rotation of the spur gear wheel I192, one of the teeth 193 will engage one of the pawls 194 and cause the ybrake drum 130 and hence the shaft 124' to'rotate. Y The section beam B thereby `will be'rotated slowly. When the operative has found the thread end she removes her foot fromthe treadle, whereupon the spring 195 throws out-the low-speed mechanism. Afterhaving pieced up the thread the operative may again depress the treadle to 4turn the beam at low speed. until the slack injthe pieced-up thread has been taken up and all ofthe threads are running properly. The apparatus is now ready to be operated at high speed. To re-f; move the drag' pressure from the cheeses and to connect the high-speed drive to the shaft 124, the operative draws forward a hand lever 197 (Figs. 1 and 2) pivoted inthe warpe'r framework. T1 said lever is p'rvoted the lower end of a link 198, the upper end of which is connected to one arm of a .bell crank 199 (Fig.'20) loosely'mounted upon the shaft 140. A rod 200 has a pinand-sl0t connection-with the' other arm of the bell\crank 199. Said rodis pivoted to an arm 201 (Figs. 23 and 25) which is rigid with the belt shifter arm 155. Thus -it will be vseen that whenthe. operative draws thel hand lever 197\forward the belt shifterwill be actuated toplace the belt on the tight pulley 152, whereby the wheel 144 will be` set in rotation to swing. thearm 82 ,from the v from the cheeses.

position shown in Fig. 24 to thatvshown in Figa/21 and 22. The drag pressure is thereby removed fromthe cheeses. At the same time the high-speed drivingk mechanism is connected to the shaft 124. This is effected by the means to be now described.

The high-speed mechanism (fully described in application Serial No. 190,502) is thrown in by means of a coiled spring 202 (Fig. 32). One end of said spring bears against a col ar 203 fixed on the shaft 124, while the her end of the spring bears against a sleeve 204 which is slidable upon the shaft 124. Associated with the sleeve 204 is a roller stud 205 which is engaged by al cam 206 fixed upon the shaft 136.v `Vhen the shaft 73 is turning into the position shown in Figs. 1 and 21f(wherein the drag pressure is off the cheeses) the train of

conmotions

143, 142, 14.1, 139, 13s, 137 and 136 is actuated to turn the cam 206 into position to allow the spring 202 to connect the high speed mechanism with the shaft 124. The high-speed mechanism then commences'to accelerate the section beam.

The detector circuit is closed across the contacts 111 by the switch 109' (Figs. 22 and 34) as the drag pressure is being removed A short space of Vtime then elapses before the high-speed mechanism begins to accelerate the warp beam. During the interval between the removal of the drag pressure and the starting of the beam, one or more detectors may fall through casual slackening of the corresponding threads. To prevent the brake mechanism from being actuated during this interval -and luntil after the beamv has turned S0 as to take up slackness in .any of the threads and thus raise the corresponding detectors, I provide the mechanism shown in Fig. 34. 207 are hooked spring contacts included in the circuit of the detectors. The

spring hooks 207 are arrangedto' engagea t contact 208jl1aving the form of a ring. The

ring 208 is carried by but ins ated from' a collar 209 which is slidably mounted upon a spindle 210. A coiled expansion spring 211 bears at one end against a collar 212 on said spindle and at its other vend-against the collar 209 yieldingly to hold the collaragainst a shoulder 210 on the spindle 210. AY coiled expansion .spring 213 interposed betweena stationary part and the collar 212 tends to move the splndle 210 downward-to disengage the ring contact 208 from the hook contacts 207. To move the spindle/210 upwardly for the purpose of placing the contact208 in engagement with the

contacts

207,1 provide a fly-ball governor comprising bell cranks 214 carried by a ring 215 fixed uponV a vertical shaft 216. The bell cranks Y 214 arearrangedto move a lspindle 217 which bears against the spindle 210. AThe shaft 216 is driven from theshaft 124 208 is engaged by the hook contacts 207.

Further upward movement of the 'spindle 217 is prevented by contact of the bell cranks 214'with their supporting ring 215. When the warper is being stopped the spring 213 expands as fast as the resistance of the govv erno'r will permit, but the ring contact 208 is retained by the hook contacts 207 until .the downward movement of the'spindle 2 10 has compressed the spring 211 to such a point that it is able to overcome the friction between the ring contact 208 and the hook contacts 207, whereupon the contact 208 springs away'from the ,contacts 207.

`When the beam B has been filled, mechanism of any ordinary or preferred construction is automatically actuated to stop the warper by closing the circuit of the elec- 'tromagnet 44. Such a mechanism is diagrammaticallyindicated at M in Fig. 34. "When the mechanism M operates, the beam brake and the creel brakes are applied as usual, and the resetting mechanism'on the l creel immediately begins to operate to release the beam brake and substitute the drag pressure for the brake pressure on the cheeses. The beam may then be disconnected from the cheeses by severing the threads in any suitable manner. Preferably the threads are severed by striking them with a rodv in the region between the detectors and the cheeses. In thus whipping out the cheeses it is desirable, although not essential, that `the cheeses be held against rotation. Therefore, `means have been provided whereby the creel brakes can be applied without putting the resetting mechanism into operation. It

will be remembered that the cam 161 on the shaft 73 (Figs. 22 and 25)V actuates the beltshifter lever 156- whenever the brakes are applied, the normal effect being to shift the belt from .the loose pulley .15,3 to the tight pulley 152, thereby placing the resetting mechanism in operation. To render possible the application of the brakes without placing the resetting mechanism in action, the belt shifter is formed of the two

sections

155 and 156 as heretofore describe f, said sections being normally rigidly connected together by means of the spring plunger 158` (Fig. 25). The plunger 158 may be disengaged from the shifter vlever 1 56 by any suitable means, as, 'for example, a hand' lever 226 (Fig. 1) connected to said plunger by means of a od or wire 227. 228 (Fig. 3) is a spring anchored at one end to the framework and connected vat its other end `to a loop 229 (Figs.,23` and 25), said loop being attached to the shifter arm 155. It will be seen that when the plunger 158 is held out able that the warper of engagement with the shifter lever 156, the application of the brakes will not result in a shifting ofthe belt onto the tight pulley.

The means for manually causing an' application of the brakes comprises a hand lever 230 (Fig. 2), which hand lever is connected by means of a link 231 (Figs. 2, 3 and to a crank arm 232 loosely mounted on/ the shaft an arm 233 which is connected through a /link 234 to an arm' 235 (Figs. 22 and 26). The arm 235 is loosely mounted on the shaft 90 and normally bears against a pin 236 set in the `finger 89'. It will be seen that when the operator pulls the hand lever 230 forward, the inger 89 will be swung clear ofthe arm 88, whereupon the s rings 75 will cause the brakes to be applied? When the warper has come toa stop as the result of completion of the yarn mass on the beam B, the operation is as follows: The operative draws 197, thus causing the resetting mechanism to remove the drag pressure from the `cheeses and throw in the high speeddrive for the beam. As soon as'the threadsl are under tension, the operative pulls the lever 230- to setthe brakes and throw out the drive. As soon as the brakes have been applied, the operative pulls the lever 226, thus disabling the belt shifterand preventing the brakes on both the warper and the creel from being released. Qr the operative may grasp the lever 226 first and pull the plunger 158 out, thus disabling the belt shifter, and then while continuing to hold this plunger out she may pull the lever 230 to set the brakes and throw out the drive. The belt shifter having been disabled, the warper brake and the creel brakes stay in the applied position. The threads are then broken by means of a 'suitable implement, and the beam removed. When the t-ridents are ,being removed from the creel frame, the brake arms swing forward under the pressure of their sprin they interfere with the convenient insertion of tridents into the creel frame.` Hence it is desirable to withdraw or completely reset 'the creelvbrakes-before replacing the used tridents with fresh tridents. But when the type of drive head described in said application Serial No. 190,502 is used, it is desirbrake remain applied during the creel-replenishing operation. Therefore in order that the resetting mechanism may be placed in action to withdraw the creel brakes without releasing the beam brake or throwingH in the high-speed driving mechanism,I provide means for disconnecting, the shaft 136 ,ting mechanism. This means is shown 1n Figs. 33 and 35. The arm 137 is loosely pivoted onv the shaft 136 and carries a pin 219 that overlies afla'nge, 220 von a crank tion by a 140. Rigid with the arm 232 is ample,

forward the hand leverl cheeses.

sland thus assume a position wherein (Fig.'2) from the resetarm 221, said crank arm being fixed on the shaft 136. A latch 222 is pvoted at 223 to the crank arm 221 and normally overlies the pin 219, the latch being held in such positension spring 224. When the parts are in the position shown in Figs. 33 and 35, the pin 219 is held between" the flanges 220 and the; latch 222 so that when the arm 137 is moved the shaft 136 also will be turned. Any suitable means, as, for exa rod 225 (Fig. 1) may be provided for moving the latch 222 out of engagement with the pin 219. The rod 225 may be released as soon as the pin2l9 has wardly beside the latch 222. While holding saidlatch out, the. operative draws forward lever 197 thereby setting the wheel 144 in, pressure from rotation to removethe drag the cheeses and place the dog 80 in enga-gement with the locking shoulder 86, as in Fig. 21. The latch 222 having been held out inthe meantime, the upward movement of the arm 137 did not cause the shaft 136Y to turn and hence the warper brake was not releasedv and the cam 206 was not actuated to allow the spring 202 to throw in the highspeed driving mechanism. The creel brakes having been thus fully reset, the operative 'may proceed to replace the tridents one by one with tridents carrying full cheeses.

If desired, the creel may be provided with means for supporting a number'. of extra cheeses, the yarn from which. may be substituted for the yarn from any of the other Herein I have shown on each creel frame a stand 237 (Fig. 3), each stand having two spindles 238 which are similar to the splndles of the tridents. Each spindle is arranged to support two cheeses. The stands 237 are omitted in the diagrammatic view,

Fig. 2. For each of the extra cheeses there sprocket wheel 241 is 4fixed upon a shaft 242 y on which the brake arms'are mounted in the manner hereinbefore explained and as illustrated in Fig. 10. Each of the extra cheeses is provided with a detector similar to those previously described, the extra cheese-detectors being connected into the circuit of the electromagnet 44. .On the front end of the creel is a horizontal rod 243 (Fig. 3) to support the strands from the extra cheeses above the other threads, in order that vsuch extra strands may runto-any space in the comb 244 (Figs. 1 an 2") on thek warper. A

In the rear of the comb 244 is av guide-rod 245 for holding the lower strands out of contact with the back or body of the comb. If desired, a rod 246 may. beprovided above the rod 245 to keep the topmost strands in the comb. The rod 246 may be raised to give access to the comb when the threads from a new set'of cheeses are to be laid in the comb. Forward of the comb is a guide roll 247. The

parts

245, 246 and 247 are more fully described in application Serial N o. 190,502. I l

As will be understood from Figs. 2 and 2", the cheeses revolve in vertical planes which extend at angles other than' right angles to the vertical plane of the comb 244, the detectors serving to guide the threads from the cheeses to the comb.

While any ordinary form of comb may be used on the warper, itis preferable to employ a comb the teethor spaces of which are so arranged as to indicate the proper locations for the respective threads. In Fig. l is illustrated a comb the spaces of which are divided into sections, there being' as many sections as there are columns of cheeses, and each section containing as many spaces as there are cheeses in a column. VThe sections are differentiated froineach other by making the teeth of each section of regularly increasing length, the shortest tooth heilig at the inner end of the section. As indicated in Fig. la, the space between the two middle sections is made slightly wider than the other spaces, as such middle space receives two threads.

While it will be understood that the operation of replenishing the creel and placing the threads Vin the warper is susceptible of various modifications, the following is one method that may be pursued. Assuming that the creel frame contains tridents carrying spent cheeses, that the brakes are fully reset or withdrawn, and that there is an empty section beam B in the warper:

`The gates 12 are opened and the tridents replaced with tridents carrying full cheeses. The operative then pulls the lever 230, thus causing the the creel brakes to be applied and immediately ,reset to drag position, and the beam brake to be released. The operative then collects the, threads of the column of cheeses which is nearest the warper at, say, the right-hand side of the creel. beginning at the top'of the column and drawing the thread-ends down to the bottom, the threads twisting together into a bunch. Having thus collected the threads of the four colulnns of the bay, the operative closes the gate l2, reaches through the gate and picks up the bunches of threads, and draws the bunches of threads over to the warper. As the bunches of threads are drawn to the warper, the plates 34 guide the threads into contact with their respective detector arms,

each of said arms swinging upwardly to permit the threads from higher cheeses to pass up into contact with their proper detectors. Having drawn the bunches of threads to the warper, the operative passes them beneath the guide rod 246, and lays the threads into the spaces in the comb 244, the lowermost thread of the bunch that comes from the column of cheeses nearest the warper being laid in the middle space of the comb, and the remaining threads of said bunch being laid in the comb in regular succession toward the right. The threads of the next column of cheeses are then laid into the nextsection of the. comb, and so on. After all of the threads from the right-hand side of the cree] have been deposited in the comb, the threads from the other side of the creel are brought forward and placed in the comb` after which all of the threads are drawn down over the roll 247 into position to be connected to the sec tion beam. As the threads were drawn forward to the warper they rode up the inclined or rounded surfaces of the

plates

34, 32 and 31, the direction of pull upon the threads in passing from the cheeses to the warper being such that the threads slid upwardly along said plates, raising the dctcetors into normal position as shown in full lines in Fig. 14, and sliding down the detectors into running position. As indicated in Fig. 1. the detectors for the. different cheeses are Alocated at such heights that the threads shall be able to slide into running position. as just described. the detectors fer the. lower cheeses being located relatively higher than the dctcctois for the upper cheeses. lt will be seen that the threads are automatically drawn in to or associated with their respective detectorsI in the simphl act of drawing the threads forward from 'the creel to the warper. thereby effecting a great saving in time over warping appa ratus wherein the detectors are. located on the warper. As is well understood. when the detectors are located on the warper. they are necessarily crowded so closely together that the operative` must pay particular attention to the operation of associating successive threads with the proper detectors. Owing to the fact that each thread must he separately associated with .its detector. the operative cannot lay thc threads into the combs on the old-style warper as rapidly the the machine herein disclosed. Moreover, in the old-style warper. two combs are required, one at each side of the detectors. and two rolls. whereas in the present machine but one comb and one roll are needed.

The correct placing of the threads in the comb 244 is facilitated by reason of th.1 fact that there is an individual comb section for each bunch of threads. that `there same operation can be performed upon are just enough spaces in each section to accommodate the threads in a bunch, and that the teeth are of graduated length. When laying threads in the comb, the longest tooth of each section serves as a stop in positioning the bunch of threads that belong in the next adjacent section.

The threads of a bunch can be readily laid in their respective spaces in the comb, as the threads fan out or diverge from the operatives handf,y the bunch of diverging vthreads being inclined in the same general direction as the upper edge of the comb section. If a thread be missing from a bunch, there will be a vacant space in the comb section, thus immediately bringing the matter to the attention of the operative.

Inasmuch as the thread from the lowestcheese in a column extends through the shallowest space in its section, and so on progressively, a vacant space occurring in the comb upon a stoppage ofthe warper indicates to the operative the location of the cheese thethread of 'which is missing, thus expediting the work of piecing-up broken threads.

.Since the drive-head is located centrally lbehind the warper, said head and the drive belt are out of the way of the operative,-a

feature of particular value during the replenishing operation andA in piecing up threads.

The threads having all been drawn forward and connected to the beam as before described, the operative depresses the treadle 174 to revolve thebeam at low speed until it is notedY that all ofthe threads are winding properly. The operativethen releases vthe treadle 174 and pulls forward the starting hand lever 197, thus (through the connections 198, 199 and 200) operating the belt shifter to shift the belt 154 from the loose pulley 153 to the tight pulley 152. The resetting mechanism is thereby placed in operation to remove the drag pressure from the cheeses and throw in the high-'speed driving mechanism for the fwarper. At the end of the resetting operation, the cam 170 (Fig. 24) operates the latc 163 to release the belt shifter to the action of the

springs

160 and 228, whereupon the belt is shifted to the loose pulley.

4The hi` h-speed -driving mechanism accelerates the beam B uniformly and slowly until full winding 'speed is reached. If duringr the winding any of the'detectors should drop into the dotted-line position shown at ai in Fig. 14, a circuit will be closed through the electromagnet 44, whereupon thesprings apply the creel brakes, the spring means 133 applies the beam brake,

' and the cam 206 throws out the high-speed driving mechanism. At the same time the mechanism thus placed in operation to re lease the beam brake and move the brake shafts 46 from the brake position to the drag position. The beam brake is not released nor the cheeses relieved of the brake pressure until the machine has come to a stop. After correcting the cause `of the stoppage, the operative may,-by depressing the treadle 174, place the warper in slow operation until she observes that all of the threads are running prbperly. The drag pressure is then removed and the high-speed driving mechanism thrown in by means of the hand lever 197.

It willl be seen that the means for throwing in the high-speed driving mechanism is mechanisms have both been controlled by a single treadle partial depression of the treadle throwing in the low speed and complete depression throwing in the high speed. It was thus possible inadvertently to put the machine in high speed when the beam should be rotated slowly.

It will also be apparent that the highspeed-controlling cam 206 is not directly actuated by gthe operative, but, on the contrary, is actuated by the resetting mechanism and therefore is always operated in a proper and definite manner and in correct sequence with regard to the operation of the creel brakes.

In the event that the 'operative should pull forward the high-speed starting lever 197 whiledepressing the treadle 174, the` driving mechanism would notV beinjured, since the pawls 194 (Fig. 33) would simply revolve faster than the teeth 193 and would eventually be withdrawn from the path of said teeth by centrifugal force.

The comb 244 is claimed in my application Serial No. 611,213, filed JanuaryS, 1923. The operative may stop the warper at any desired time by operating the hand lever 230.

As indicated in Figs. 1 and 6, the threads extend directly from the detectors on the creel to the guiding devices' on the warper, the detectors thus serving as thread guides, rendering unnecessary the use of any other means on the creel for guiding the running threads. ItA4 will be apparent that the devices herein shown for guiding the threads Afrom the cheeses to the beam place a minimum amount of tension on the threads.

A s hereinbefore described, each detector consists of a loop 'providing two points of belt 154 is shifted to the tight pulley 152 by7 thread to be drawn into the form ofV twothe cam 161 (Fig. 25) and the resetting loops, as indicated in Fig. 19. By reason of-