US1542205A

US1542205A - Jail-locking mechanism

Info

Publication number: US1542205A
Application number: US568148A
Authority: US
Inventors: Allenson John
Original assignee: ST PAUL FOUNDRY Co
Current assignee: ST PAUL FOUNDRY Co
Priority date: 1922-06-14
Filing date: 1922-06-14
Publication date: 1925-06-16
Anticipated expiration: 1942-06-16

Description

June 16, 1925.

J. ALLENSON JAIL LOCKING MECHANISM Fil ed June 14.

'7 Sheets-Sheet 1 June 16,1925.

J. ALLENSON JAIL LOCKING MECHANISM Filed June 14 1922 7 Sheets-Sheet 2 fiwawfor:

J06 /4//enso/7 his #270,796.

June 16. 1925. 1,542,205

J. ALLENSON JAIL LOCKING MECHANISM Filed June 14 1922 '7 Sheets-Sheet 5 4 A ////0 07 VIII-3 iv m 1 69 I June 16, 1925.

J. ALLENSON JAIL LOCKING MECHANISM & HM y ,m w w Z 4 m a 5 /62 m m 7 9 3 l a a /V6 6 4 M L MwMM 3 June 16, 1925. 1,542,205 J. ALLENSON I JAIL LOCKING MECHANISM June 16, 1925.

J. ALLENSON JAIL LOCKING MECHANISM Filed June 14. 1922 7 Sheets-Sheet 7 2 1 1 m, V 3 E L w A... fie w w u Patented June 16, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFlCE.

JOHN ALLENSON, OF ST. PAUL, MINNESOTA, ASSIGNOR TO ST. PAUL FOUNDRY COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF MINNESOTA.

JAILLOCKING MECHANISM.

Application filed June 1-1, 1922. Serial No. 568,148.

To (17/ HIHJI)! it may concern:

Be it known that I, JoiiN \LLrNsoN. ot' the ritv of F t. Paul, county of Ramsey, and t tate of Minnesota, have invented a new and usetnl improvement in Jail-Locking Mechip nism. ot which the following is a specitication.

My invention relates to locking; mechm n nis tor jails and has for its object to pro (Hi6 a locking inecl'lanisin in conjunction eith the ordinary key controlled lock for each door b means of which the doors of the iail new be simultaneously locked by a de vice so that none ot the doors can be opened bv the key tvllltl'OllOtl looks.

I A still tnrther object to provide a de rice tor locking the doors in a halt-locked 'iosition in which all of the doors are arnion it locked ltzil can be individually unlocked 5h, .u cans ot' the ke v and key controlled lot-l1. inot'her object is to provide means for permitting a door which is open when the. lot-kin; mechanism is in the halt'docked position to snap back into closing position. 1 thither object is to provide means for rerentiin;- the doors when the locking tl ttlilllll lll is in the aforementioned position tron; being further opened in the event that anv of said doors may have been partially opened by the key controlled lock.

3 still t'izrther object is to provide means v herebv the locking mechanism for simultrifle-i) locking the doors may be held in tilul'ntt've so that all of the doors may be iundtanconsly opened or so that an v par lll'lll r door may be closed and held locked oi tile individual key and kev controlled li t k provided therefor.

nother object is to provide individual latch bars for each door for locking the same that to further provide individual fluid open atod means For each door for forcing said latch bars into locking position or for holding: the same nnlatched as required.

.\nother object is to provide independent tlnid operated members tor raising am lowering said latch bars so that the same may lie held trom movement in either direction when the doors are in dead locked position.

.l ohje-rt ot' the invention is to provide a ratchet bar in connection with each door and to employ a pair of pawls adapted to engage said ratchet bar to prevent the door from being opened, one of said pawls being adapted to be disengaged when the locking mechanism is adapted to be positioned in each locking position and the other being; adapted to be engaged when the lockin mechanism is wide open.

A. still further object is to provide a pair of :"Ylil'ltlis with pistons therein for each jail door. one of said pistons being adapted to raise the lat-ch bar into halt open position and the other of said pistons being adapted to further wise the latch bar into wide open position Another object is to provide three pipe lines. one connected with all of said cylinders above the pistons thereof adapted to torce all oi said pistons downwardly and to hold the. latching mechanism in dead locked posi' tion. the other connected with the lower portion of said cylinders used in moving the latch har to the halt locked position and the rest of said lines l'ieing connected with remaining cvlinders used for lifting the latch oar into wide open position.

Another object is to provide a pump and a valve chamber connected therewith and an exhaust reservoir and a valve chamber conneeted with the same, both of said chambers connecting through valves vith said pipe linct id valves being manually operable to control the tlow ot' thiid under nessure into the pipes or to periuh the exhaust ot the same at will so as to bring the latchim: mechanism of the doors into dead locked. halt open. and wide open positions as reuired.

tnother object consists in providing an arm through which the shaft loads of said tiuid operating means are adapted to extend and to provide on said piston stops adapted to be engaged b the arm to cause said latch bars to take the required positions.

A. still further object is to provide engaging members connected with said fluid oper ating device tor releasing the pawls associat. d with said latch bars.

'lhe i'nll objects and advantages of my invention will appear in connection with the detailed description thereoi and are particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the drawings illustrating the application of my invention in one form Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view showing the installation of my invention.

Fig. is a front elevational view of a number of cells of a jail including the doors connected therewith, showing my im'cntion ap' plied thereto.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Figure 2 drawn to a larger scale showing operating mechanism associated with my invention in which the latching mechanism is in dead locked position.

Fig. 4 is a view ing the latching position.

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Figure 4 showing the latching mechanism in wide open position and the door partly Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on line 6-6 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view take-i on line. T of Figure 3.

Fig. 8 is a sectional view ot the fluid operating mechanism taken on line 88 of Figure 5. and drawn to a larger scale.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view similar to Figure 8 taken on line 9--9 of Figure 5.

Fig. 10 is a plan view of the roaster con trolling mechanism of my invention.

Fig. 11 is a front elevational view of the structure shown in Figure 10.

Fig. 12 is an end View of the device shown in Figures 10 and 11.

Fig. 13 is a sectional view of the master controlling mechanism taken on line lf'l lfl of Figure 10.

In Figure 1. I have shown the entire sys tem used in connection with a jail having a number of cells each with individual doors. For each cell door I provide an operating' unit A which is connected in multiple with three pipe lines Q0, 21. and 22 which pipe lines connect at one end with a master valte indicated at B and are dead-ended at their other end indicated at The master valve P is connected lrv means of a pipe 24-. to a pressure regulating device C which consists of a cylinder 25 having a plunger 96 rnovahly mounted within the sai'i'ie. which plunger adapted to receive a numloer of weights Q? at the upper end ot the same. Pressure regulator C is connected hv a pipe 98 to a pump D which may he a reci 'nocating or gear pump as desired. A. pipe 29 connects pump D with a reservoir 30 in which the fluid for ODCYtltiRQ' the system stored. The master valve P is further connected hv means of a pipe 31 to an overflow tank E which again is connected by a pipe 32 to the reservoir 30. The operation of the system is follows.

similar to Figure 3 showmechanism in half-open lVhen the pump is set in action fluid from receiver D is pumped through the same and into the cylinder 25 of pressure regulator C. A check valve 33 interposed in the pipe 29 serves to prevent the fluid from hacking up again into the said reservoir. As the pump l) continues to operate the fluid forced through the pipe 24 and into the master valve pressure counter and by manipulation ot' this valve the fluid may be caused to travel through any of the pipe lines 20, 21, and \Vith the proper n'ianipulation of the master valve ii the fluid pressure within

pipes

20, 21. and 22 may be varied to cause the latching mechanism A. to move the latch bars of the cell doors into a wide open, halfopen. or dead locked position as desired. lVhen the master valve B is operated so as to shift the position of the latching bars the pressure of fluid within the various pipes Q0, 21. and is altered to cause the various devices A to properly function. At times the pressure within the same is reduced permitting the t'iuid within the pipes to pass hack again into the master valve l3. From here the fluid is conducted through pipe 31 into the over-flow tank E where when the fluid reaches the depth required in the tank it passes through the pipe 32 and into the reservoir 3t). This over-flow tank serves to provide sutficient hack pressure on the exhaust side of the system so that a normallv closed system is provided in which the fluid travels hack and forth through the pipes 20. Q! and 92 as the pressure within the same is altered. as controlled by valve B. In the installation of the system all of the air is excludwl therefrom so that by means of the over-flow tank F the system is kept constantly tilled throughout. with the operating fluid.

In Figure 2, I have shown the installation of the operating units A to a jail having a numher of cells 34. 35, and 36. Each of these cells is provided with a fixed front 3*? and a movable door 37 which is adapted to slide by the fixed front 38 to provide an entrance into each cell. Sections through the entrance and pilaster adjacent the same shown in Figures 6 and 7 show the manner of supporting the doors. At the juncture of each of the walls L1 separating the cells I provide a pilaster 40 which supports two sealing structures 42 ot the pawl. At the forward portion of the said pilaster the same is provided with a casing F which has two side walls 44 extending u 'iwardly from the floor to the ceiling and a rear wall 45 connected to the same. A removable cover adapted to close the front of the casing F and to conceal the contents of the same i'rom the exterior. It will be noted that the hack 53 extends a portion of the distance from the floor to the ceiling. Above this in :k I provide a second casing G which is longitudinally positioned and which runs along the ceiling connecting with all of the casings F throughout the entire series of cells. This casing consists of a back 47 and a top 48 which are connected together by means of an angle 49 running throughout the entire length of the structure. The casing G, as illustrated in Figure 6, is of a greater depth than the casing F. An angle 50, secured to the lower portion of the back 47, extends up to the back and is connected thereto by means of another angle 51 which simply serves for the purpose of attaching these parts together and is of a length equal to the width of the said back 45 '1 only. The angle 50, on the other hand, ex-

together with a filler strip 56 is attached to an angle supported on the member 48 of casing G. This provides a recess in which the upper portion of the plate or cover 52 may be supported to hold the same in place. A guard 57 attached to the lower portion of plate 52 serves to protect the opening between the lip 53 and the angle 50 when the door is in place. The front 38 is positioned within the opening afforded between the sides 44 of the pilaster F and between the angle 50 and the floor of the jail and is provided with a strip 59 which extends completely around the same being attached thereto, while the strip is secured to the angle 50 and the sides 44 previously referred to. The front 38 is set back towards the inner surface of the jail whereas the door 37 is positioned in front of the same so that the said door may slide in front of the front portion 38 when the cell is open. In a similar manner door 37 is provided with a strip 60 which extends $t' 'ompletely around the same. This strip, however, is of a thickness somewhat less than the strip 59 so that the door 37 is movable within the door frame provided therefor. On the top of the strip 60 I provide an angle 61 which is substantially of the width of the door and which is positioned upon the same as shown in Figure 7. To the upper portions of the angles 61 on each of the doors 37, I attach by means of stub bolts 62, pulleys or sheaves 63. These sheaves are adapted to ride upon a half-round track 64 positioned on and attached to the extreme edge of the outlying flange of angle 50. By means of this structure the doors 37 may be rolled into closed or open position as desired.

For locking the doors 37 when in their closed position the same are provided with three latch lugs 65, 66, and 67 which are adapted to be simultaneously engaged for latching by a single vertically operable latch bar 68. This bar is held in sliding position against the wall 44 which forms a jam for the opening of the door 37 by means of a number of bolts 69 which pass through slotted holes in said bar not shown in the drawings, and are secured to the said Walls 44. In addition to the said latch bar for engaging the lugs 65, 66, and 67, I provide an ordinary key controlled lock 269 which is provided with a latch member 70 and which is adapted to be operated through two key-holes 71 and 72. ordinary construction such as are now used in jails has not been described in detail, but is of such a type that when the latch bar 68 is in half-locked position and the key inserted in key hole 71 latch member 70 together with the latch bar 68 may be simultaneously raised to permit any individual door for any particular cell to be independently opened.

At the top of the latch bar 68, I attach a bracketed casting 73 with which the operating unit A is connected. The coir struction of this unit can best be seen in Figures 3, 4, 5, 8 and 9. A casting 74 is provided which is formed with two vertically positioned

cylindrical bores

75 and 76. The cylinders thus formed are closed at the top by means of cylinder heads 77 formed integral with the casting 74. Within the

cylinders

75 and 76 is placed a sleeve 7 8 which extends the length of the cylinder reaching to the top of the same. Movable within sleeves 78 are two

pistons

79 and 80 which are attached to

piston rods

81 and 82. Each of these pistons comprises a sleeve 83 which is positioned upon a reduced end 84 formed on the

piston rods

81 and 82 and rests upon the shoulder formn' thereby. Upon the sleeve 83 is positioned two

leather plunger members

86 and 87 which are separated from one another by a plate 88. The washer 89, lock washer 90 and the nut 91, secured to the reduced portion 84 of the said pistons serve to hold the

plunger memhere

86 and 87 in place to form a fluid tight piston or plunger for reciprocation in either direction. The lower portions of the

cylinders

75 and 76 are closed by single cast ing 92 which is provided with stalling boxes 93 through which the said

piston rods

81 and 82 extend. By means of packing sleeves 94- positioned within the stufiing boxes 93 the said piston rods form a fluid tight joint so that pressure may be applied to either side of the said iston within the respective This lock being of pipes extend through the transom space formed within the'casing G and are clearly shown 'in Figure 2, and pass through the partitions 44 connecting with the various 'operating units A asindicated, communicating therewith through the passageways 95, 96and 97. Alongthe upper portion of each of the cylinders .75 and 76'th'e same isrprovided with an annular passageway 98 extendingcompletely around thesa-me which communicates through a port 99 with .thepassageway 95. By this means the space above

pistons

79 and 80 in bothof the cylinders 75 ancl'76'is connected to :the pipeline 20. 'In a similar manner the lower portion of the cylinder -75 below -the -piston .80 is connected by a 2 port 100 to the passageway 97. J11 this case, however, only the one cylinder is connected to this port so that the pipe :line 22 wliieh communicates therewith --co1nmunieates only with the lower portion .of thecylinder 7 5. Passageway 96 as clearly shown in Figure 9 communicates by means of a port 101 and a recess 102 formed in the side of the cylinder wallcxtends below: the piston 79 so that the same is independently connected with ;passageway 96 and .pipe. line 21 similar-to the other cylinders. By this means it will be noted that by regulating the pressure of the fluid within the

various pipe lines

20,21 and 22 that both pistons may be simultaneously forced down or that either piston may be independently raised up.

The manner of connecting the,

piston rods

81 and 82 with the latching mechanism of the jail doors can best be seen in Figures 3, 4 and 5. The bracket 73 is previously referred to for operating the latch bars 68 is attached to thesame bymeans of bolts 103. This bracket has a horizontal-arm extending outwardly therefrom which is positioned in the'plane ofthe

piston rods

81 and 82 of the operating mechanism A. The underside of the arm 104 is-provided with-two

bosses

105 and 106 through'which the said piston rods 81 and 82:are-adapted to freely pass. These bosses-areconneeted by a web 107 formed integral with the bracket 73. As is best visible in Figure 4, piston rod-82 is threaded for the greater portion of its length so that the threaded portion thereof extends above the-arm 104 of bracket 73. Piston rod 81, on the other hand, is simply threaded at its lower end. Above bracket 104, I provide on piston rod 82 a-nut 108 and a'lock'nut 109. Below the said bracket I provide another nut 110 and sleek nut 111. In a similar manner I provide another nut 112 and alock113 upon the end of the piston rod 81 below the boss 105. Theoperation of the-device is as follows.

Nut 110 is adjusted so that'when piston 80 is in its uppermost position with the extreme and 2114 iniengagement with its cyl inder .headathat 'theJateh bar 68 is raised into the :halt-locked-gposition .as shown .in Figurelin which theilatch notch in the said latzh halr, which'Ihave-shoWn at 115, is half way out of tlhe-notoh 116 in any of the latch lugs 65,,66, or-67. In thispositionthemut 108 is suflieiently Jabovethe topof theiarm 104 so-that-the said annmay be raised independently of piston 80 .into a position suchas showniin-Figureo, whichis a'wide open ,position of .the locking mechanism. For (accomplishingdhis result the nut 112 inthe endof the,piston 81.is adjustedso that when the piston 9 is in its uppermost position the upper end 117-of thesaidpiston'rod 81.is inrengageinent with the cylinderheadthe-nut 1'12 isin engagement with the underside ofithe boss 115 with the latch bar raised sufliciently so that the latch lugs 65, 66, -and '67 may pass through. the respective-openings .115 in theilatch bar 68. This bossis SllOWlLlll Eigure-oin whiehthe door 37 is .shownasbeing,partly ajaiy latch lug havingjust passed through'the opening 115 -in the said latch- .har .68. then it is desired to have the latchf'loar :68 in deadlocked position so-that all .of the cells are simultaneously locked both of the pistons 79iand areforceddownwardly as shown in Figuie 3 withshoulders 118 formed on the undersideiof-the sleeves 83 in engagw ment with-the upper surface of the cylinder headorplate 9 2.. lnithis position the latch bar 68 istarnanged with the notch 115' in full engagement withthe notch 116 in the latchulug 65. .Inia ddition ithenut .I12on piston .rod181 1engages .the underside of the boss 105. On -.the o t*her hand. nut 110 is free from the other side of boss 106 while the nut:108 engages the upper surface of the-arm 104 holdingthesame downwardly. IIlilZlllS position it can readily beseen that bracket'73 and'latchbar (68 are held from movementtin either direction as long as the pistons are .both held downwardly so that-theihtehbar 68 cannot bemoved to open or closeothe cells by key controlled means.

Forsiinultaneously controlling theoperat-ion of all the locking mechanisms I providetheim aster -valve B indioated in Figure 1, .which is clearly shownin .detail in Figures .10, 11, 12, and 13. This device comprises :a casing 119 which consists of a base 120, anjntermediate section-1 21, and ahead 123, Thesessections are all bolted together withb0lts12 l to .form a complete structure. Within the-section121 I form six valve chambers 125, .126, 127, 128, 129, and 130 whichare shown in detail in Figure 13. Anexhaust chamber 131 is formed in the 'head 123 which communicates through ports 132 withthree valve chamber's 125,126, and127. In a similar-manuer a pressure chamber 133 is provided in the base 120 which directly communicates with the

valve chambers

128, 129 and 139. The pressure line 24 previously referred to is directly connected with the chamber 133 in the pipe 31 and the exhaust line 31 connected with the chamber 131 so that a constant pressure can be maintained within either of these chambers. At the upper ends of the

valve chambers

125, 126, and 127 in section 121, I form valve seats 134 against which are adapted to be seated

valves

135, 136, and 137, which are formed with valve heads 138 and valve stems 139 adapted to pass through suitable stufling boxes 140 formed on the upper portion of the head 123. A number of coil spring 141 positioned below the valve heads 13:1 are adapted to become seated in a number of plugs 142 screwed into the base 120 im mediately below the

respective valve chambers

125, 126, and 127. lVith this construction it can readily be seen that

respective valves

135, 136, and 137 are adapted to be held seated so as to close communication from the

valve chambers

125, 126, and 127 and the exhaust chamber 131. In a similar manner the lower portions of the valve chambers 128130 in section 121 are formed with valve seats 143 which are adapted to be closed by

valves

144, 145, and 146 having valve stems 139 and valve heads 138 similar to valves 135137. These valve stems also pass through suitable stuffing boxes 147 and secured to the upper portion of the head 123, and are held seated by means of springs 141, which as in the case of the other valves, are held in place by means of the plugs 142 at the lower portion of the base 120. lVith these three valves communication is cut off between the valve chambers 128 130 and the pressure chamber 133.

To the rear of the section 121, I provide a port casing 148 to which the pipe lines 29. 21. and 22 shown in Figure 1 are connected. lVithin said casing I provide three

ports

159, 151, and 152 which directly connect the

valve chambers

128, 129, and 136 with the

pipes

20, 22 and 21 respectively. In addition I provide three

ports

153, 154 and 155 which connect the three valve chambers 125. 126 and 127 with the ports 152. 151, and 150 respectively so that the pipe line 20 is directly connected with

valve chamber

127 and 128. pipe line 22 with

valve chambers

126 and 129 and the pipe line 21 with valve chamber 125 and valve chamber 139. The ports are so arranged that the same. when closing. pass be low each other so that communication is provided only as described. lVith this construction it can readily be seen that by depressing the valve stems 139 of any of the

valves

135, 136, 137, 144, 145, and 146 that any of the three

pipe lines

20, 21, and 22 may be independently placed under pressure or exhaust as required.

For manipulating the various valves of the master valve 1 provide three operating

levers

156, 157 and 158. Lever 156 is securely attached by a pin 165 to a shaft 159 journalled in a bracket 160 having two bearings 161 and 162 best shown in Figures 10 and 12. Lever 157 is formed with a forked

portion having arms

163 and 164 which are journalled for oscillation upon the shaft 159. Lever 158 is similarly formed with

arms

166 and 167 which pass below the

arms

163 and 164 of lever 157 and are firmly journalled upon shaft 159, said levers and arms mounted thereon are so arranged that the same may be independently operated as required. Upon the lever 156 I provide two

ears

168 and 169 which are positioned di rectly over the upper ends of valve stems 139 of

valves

135 and 136. These ears opcrate to simultaneously depress both of the

valves

135 and 136 when the said lever 156 is operated. In addition to the lever 156 an arm 170 is provided which is rigidly secured to shafts 159 by a pin 171. This arm protrudes over the end of valve stem 139 of the valve 144 and operates together with the lever 156 so that when the said lever is depressed all of the

valves

135, 136, and 144 are simultaneously opened which places both of the

pipe lines

22 and 21 in direct communication with the exhaust line 31 and the pipe line 20 in communication with the pressure line 24.

It will be noted in Figure 13 that the valve stem 139 of valve 137 is made somewhat longer than the stems of the

valves

135 and 136. It can further be seen in Figure 12 that the arm 163 is somewhat elevated above the arm 166. This valve stem passes loosely through the arm 166 and extends upwardly beneath the arm 163 where the same may be engaged by a lever 157. Immediately below lever 166, I rigidly attach a collar 172 to the valve stem 139 of the valve 137 which collar is adapted to be engaged by the arm 166 when the lever 158 is depressed. In this manner the valve 137 may be independently depressed by either of the

levers

157 or 158. In a similar manner valve stem 139 of valve 145 extends through the arm 167 of lever 158 and engages an ear 173 issu ing outwardly from arm 164. A collar 174 attached to the valve stem 139 of valve 145 operates in a similar manner with the collar 172 so that the valve 145 may be operated by depressing either of the

levers

157 or 158. In addition to the operation of

valves

137 and 145 lever 158 isadapted to operate valve 139 by means of an car 175 issuing outwardly therefrom. It can readily be seen that when lever 157 is depressed both of the

valves

137 and 145 are opened placing pipe line 20 in communication with the exhaust chamber and pipe line in communication with the pressure chamber. Similarly when lever 158 is

depressed valves

137 and 145 and 146 are'simultaneously operated placing both pipe lines 21 and in communication with the pressure chamber and pipe line 20 in communication with the exhaust chamber.

The operation of the master valve with the controlling of the locking of the jail doors is as follows. hen lever 156 is depressed both of the pipe lines :21 and :22 are placed in communication with the exhaust line of the system and the pipe line 21) placed in communication with the pressure line. By examining Figures 8 and t) it can readily be comprehended that the upper portions of the

cylinders

75 and 76 are placed under pressure and the lower portions thereof placed under exhaust. This has the of "feet of causing both of the

piston rods

81 and 82 to travel downwardly the Full extent and to remain in this position. lvhcn the pistons are in these positions the parts become so arranged as shown in Figure 3 in which nut 108 engages the upper portion of the bracket 73 to hold the same in a downward position with the latch bar 68 securely latched in the latch lugs 65. 66, and (37. As long as the pressure is on piston 80 within cylinder T latch bar (38 is held latched and the raising of the same pre vented. At the same time when the pres sure is on the top of piston T9 in cylinder 76 the sleeve 83 on piston rod engages the piston head 92 and thereby prevents further downvard movement of the latch bar 68. It can readily be comprehended that all of the latching mechanism on all of the jail doors are in a deadlocked position in which opening of anv of the jail doors is absolutely prevented wi hout the niani 'nila tion of the master valve.

hen lever is depressed the pipe line 22 is placed in communication with the pressure line 24 and the pipe line is placed in communication with the exhaust. An inspection of Figure 8 discloses that in this position piston is caused to be eleated as indicated in the said figure while the piston 79 remains in its lowermost position. This has the effect of raising the bracket 73 and the latch bar 68 attached thereto sntliciently so that the said latch portion 115 is partly raised from the notch 116 and the latch lugs 65. 66. and 67. so that the structure is in a halt-locked position. The arrangement 01 the parts when the latching mechanism is in halt-locked position is clearly shown in Figure 4- in which piston 80 is at the upper end of its stroke and the piston 79 remains at the lower end of its stroke. It can clearly be seen that boss is moved upwardly away from nut 112 and that the nut is engaged in the underside of boss 106 to raise the latch bar 68 the required amount. \Vhen the locking mechanism is in half-locked position the cells remain locked the same as in the dead-locked position excepting that by means of the key placed in the key hole 71 the latching member 70 may be raised to further raise the latch bar 68 so that the cell door for the particular cell may be independently opened. In this manner any individual cell may be opened by the individual key so that any certain prisoner may be first removed from his cell before allowing all of the remaining prisoners to be taken out.

hen the lever 15% is depressed both ot' the pipe lines 22 and 21v are placed in com-- munication with pressure line and pipe line 20 in communication with the exhaust. This places both of the

pistons

79 and 80 under pressure and simultaneously exhausts the cylinders above the same, permitting both of the pistons to take their uppermost positions as shown in Fig. \Vhen the lever 58 depressed with the latching mechanism in halt-open position piston 80 remains substantially in its uppermost posh tion while piston 75) travels upwardly. .\s soon as the nut 112 engages the underside of boss 1135 latch bar 68 is raised the Ft ipiired amount so that the openings 11. therein. permits the latching lugs (55. Oil. and 37 t pass out therethrough and the doors t the various cells to he sin'i ltanconslv or n "li idually opened desired. '1' n lever is operated while the locking n echa 12 is in dead-locked posi pistons and Til are b. h ca ised to simultaneously move i 'iwai'dly. In so niovinn; b "acket T is moved. upwardly together w ith the p ston rode t and 2 until the end 117 o t piston rod 21 engages the interior ol' the rylinder head. This termii'iates the move ment of the latch bar 3 and from then on pieton 5 11 continues to raise until the same stopped by the end i ot' piston rod 2. which simply muses the nut. 108 to he raised above the arm 104 of bracket. 7 to the posi tion shown in Figure \Yith the proper manipulation oi levers 1.1a. 1:77. and 15% it can readily be seen that the locking inechzv nism of all oi the cel s may he, simultancous ly placed under a dead-locked. hall open. or fully opened. position to permit the removal of the prisoners, from the cells in a marine as described.

To prevent depress on o more than one of the levers 150, 1.37, and 15.8 at one t me I provide a device best shown in l igures 11 and 12. Along the upper portion of the head 1:23 1 provide a bracket 176 which is formed with a longitudinal seat 177 and a flange 1T8 positioned along the same immediately back of the seat 177. Along the tion then the screw 205. This finger engages a lug 206 formed on pawl 195 so that when the bracket 73 is raised the pawl 195 is also disengaged from action from the latch bar 189.

The operation of this device is as follows. \Vhen the device is in dead-locked position as shown in Figure 3 both of the

pawls

194 and 195 are in engagen'ient with latch bar 189 so that the opening of the cell doors is absolutely prevented even if the same should have been left slightly ajar when the locking mechanism is set in its dead-locked position. hen the locking mechanism is moved to half-locked position pawl 194 is raised as shown in Figure 4 while the pawl 195 still holds the doors from being opened. If it is desired to conduct the prisoners from any individual cell a key for the same may be manipulated to raise the latch bar 68 as previously described, which causes fingers 203 to engage 206 and to disengage pawl 195 from engage ment with the latch bar 189. \Vhen this has been accomplished the particular cell door in question may be opened. 'hen the de vice is moved to full open position as shown in Figure 5 both of the pawls ltl l and 195 are raised from engagement with the latch bar 189 permitting the door to be freely opened.

The advantages of my invention are manifest. A device is produced which can readily be used with extensive systems of jails where there are a great number of cells. Due to the fact that the locking mechanism is fluid actuated the friction encountered is not sutticient to effect the positive action of the locking mechanisms. The same can also be used to great advantage in circular or curved cells where mechanizal latching or locking mechanisms would be impractical. The entire system is continuous so that should any leakage of the fluid occur the same passes through the exhaust portion of the apparatus and returns to the pump where it is again circulated as required. In this manner the system can be left in any of its positions for as long a period of time as required without becoming inoperative or losing any of its effectiveness to hold the locking parts in the desired positions. In the dead-locked. position the latch bars are all held from movement in either direction by the two pistons .so that the doors are absolutely held locked. In addition the two pawls operating upon the latch bar controlling the further opening of the doors pre vent the same from being opened in case the said doors should be left ajar when the locking mechanism is closed irregardless of whether the locking mechanism is set in dead-lock or half-open position.

In accordance with the patent statutes I have described the principles of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof, but I desire to have it understood that the construction shown is only illustrative and that the invention can be carried out by other means and applied to uses other than those above set forth within the scope of the following claims.

I claim 1. A locking device for jails comprisii'ig a latch bar, a bracket secured thereto, means engaging said bracket for raising said latching bar and individual means for engaging said bracket for lowering said latch bar.

2. A locking device for jails comprising a latch bar, means cooperating with said latch bar for raising the same, and independent means cooperating with said latch bar for lowering the same.

3. A locking device for jails comprising a latch bar, fluid operated means cooperating with said latch bar for raising the same, and independent fluid operated means cooperating with said latch bar for lowering the same.

t. A locking device for jails comprising a latch bar. a member connected thereto, a pair of cylinders. pistons movable within said cylinders. and means connected with said pistons and cooperating with said memher for raising and lowering said latch bar.

5. it locking device for jails comprising a latch bar. a member connected thereto, a pair of cylinders, pistons movable within said cylinders, piston rods secured to said pistons and cooperating with said member, engaging members formed on said piston rods engaging said member to raise and lower the latch bar.

6. A locking device for jails comprising a latch bar, a member secured thereto, a pair of cylinders, pistons within said cylindcrs, piston rods connected to said pistons and passing through said members. and stops formed on said piston rods for engaging said member to cause the latch bar to be raised and lowered.

7. A locking device for jails comprising a latch bar, a member secured thereto, fluid operated means for raising said latch bar into halflocked position. and independent fluid operated means for further raising said member and latch bar into wide open position.

8. A locking device for jails comprising a latch bar, a member secured thereto. fluid operated means engaging said member for raising said latch bar into half-locked posi tion. said member being free to be raised farther, independent fluid operated means for further raising said member and latch bar into wide open position. and means associated with said second fluid operated means for forcibly holding said member and latch bar in dead-locked position.

Ev locking den-1c for jails comprising a latch h a pair oi cylinders having pistons therein for operating said latch bar. means for simultaucously forcing both ot said p stons downwardly in the cylinders and independent means for selectively raising either of said pistons within the cyl-- inders.

10. A locking device for jails comprising a latch bar, a pair of cylinders having pistons therein for operating said latch bar, a pipe line connecting both of the chambers of said cylinders above said pistons, a pipe line connecting one 01 the chambers within one of said cylinders below the piston, and another pipe line connecting the other of said chambers within said cylinders below the piston and means for selectively placing said pipe lines under pressure or exhaust.

11. A locking device or jails comprising a latch mechanism, tluid operated means for operating the same, a plurality of pipe lines connected with said fluid operating means, a master control valve connected with said pipe lines, pressure and exhaust chambers formed within said master control valve, pairs of valve chambers leading from both said exhaust and pressure chambers to each of said pipe lines, valves within said valve chambers, and means for selectively and combinedly operating said valves to cause said fluid operated means to actuate the locking mechanism.

12. A locking (1 vice tor jails comprising a latching mechanism, fluid operated lIlOlllanism connected therewith, pipe lines connected with said fluid operating mechanism, a master controi valve connected with said pipe lines, a plurality of valve chambers formed within said master control valve. pressure and exhaust chambers formed within said master control valve communicating with said valve chambers, valves positioned within said valve chambers having valve stems extending through the master control valve and levers connected to said master control valve for simultaneously depressing several of said valve stems to cause the fluid operated mechanism to operate the locking device.

.3. A locking device for jails comprising a latching mechanism, fluid operated mechanism therefor, pipe lines connected with said fluid operated mechanism, a master valve connected with said pipe lines, said master valve having a plurality of valve chambers arranged in alignment and connected with said pipe lines, valves positioned in said valve chambers having valve stems extending therethrough outwardly beyond said master control valve, pressure and exhaust chambers connected with said valve chambers, a rocking baattached to said master control valze, levers psv ted to said rocking ha: adapted to s nnzlta ieously ena number oi' said valve stems to operate the valve, said levers being independently movable.

ll. A locking device tor jails compris ing' a latching mc-hanism, lluid operated mechanism thereior, pipe lines connected with said fluid operated mechanism, a master valve connected with said pipe lines, said mister valve having a plurality of valve chambers arranged in aligmnent and con nected with said pipe lines, valves positioned in said valve chambers having valve stems extending therethrough outwardly beyond said master control valve, pressure and exhaust ihambers connected with said valve chambers, a rocking bar attached to said master control valve, levers pivoted to said rocking bar adapted to simultaneously engage a number 01 said valve stems to 0pcr ate the valve, said l vers being independently movable and means formed on some of said valve stems whereby the same valves may be independently operated by two lovers.

15. In combination with a locking mechanism of a jail, a master control valve comprising a base, an intermediate section and a top section, a plurality of valve chambers arranged in alignment in said intermediate section, a pressure chamber positioned in said base and communicating with some of said valve chambers, an exhaust tllilHlbQI positioned in said top section communicating with the others of said valve chambers, valves arranged within said valve chambers having valve stems extending upwardly through the top section, and means for selectively operating said valve stems.

16. In combination with a locking mechanism of a jail, a master control valve comprising a base, an intermediate section and a top section, a plurality of valve chambers arranged in alignment in said intermediate section, a pressure chamber positioned in said base and communicating with some of said valve chambers, an exhaust chamber positioned in said top section communicating with the others of said valve chambers, valves arranged within said valve chamber having valve stems extending upwardly through the top section, a rocking bar pivoted to said top section, a plurality of levers connected with said rocking bar and extending over said valve stems and ears formed in said levers for operating said valve stems.

17. A locking mechanism for jails comprising a latch bar, a member secured to said latch bar, a cylinder having a piston therein, a piston rod attached to said cylinder and adapted to engage said member to raise the latch bar in half-locked position, a

second cylinder having a piston therein, a piston rod secured thereto, means on said second piston for further raising said latch bar into wide open position, means on said second rod for holding the latch bar in dead-locked position, a pipe line connecting the upper portions of both of said ylinders, a second pipe line conne the upper portions ot both of said cylinders for raisii r the latching mechanism in half-locked position, a third pipe line connecting the lower portion of a cylinder for raising the latch ing mechanism in wide open position, and a master valve having pressure and exhaust chambers, a plurality of v alv ciiambers connected with said exhaust chamber and separately connected with said pioe lines, a plurality of valve rhambers connected with said exhaust chamber and also separately connected with said pipe lines, and means for operating said valves to control the flow of fluid through said pipe lines to selectively ause the latching mechanism to assume a dead-locked, halt-locked. or wide open position as required.

18. A locking mechanism for jails comprising a latch bar, a member secured to said latch bar, a cylinder having a piston therein, a piston rod attached to said cylinder and adapted to engage said member to raise the latch bar in half-locked position, a second cylinder having a piston therein, a piston rod secured thereto, means on said second piston for further raising said latch bar into wide open position, means on said second piston rod for holding latch bar in dead loclred position, a pipe line connecting the upper portions of both of said cylinders, a second pipe line connecting the lower portion of the cylinders for raising the latching mechanism in half-locked position, a third pipe line connecting the lower portion of a cylinder for raising the latching mechanism in wide open position, and a master valve having pressure and exhaust chambers. a plurality of valve chambers connected with said exhaust chamber and separately connected with said pipe lines, a plurality of valve chambers connected with said exhaust chamber and also separately connected with said pipe lines, valves \i hin said valve chambers having valve stems extending tln'ough said master valve. valve operating means for multancously depressing the valves for placing the first named pipe line under pressure and exhausting the other two pipe lines to place the locking mechanism in dead-locked position, valve operating means for simultaneously depressing the valves to bring the third named pipe line under pressure and the'third pipe line under exhaust, to bring the locking mechanism into halt-locked position and the valve operating means for simultaneously controlling the valves to bring the second or third pipe line under pressure and the first pipe line under exhaust to cause the locking mechanism to assume a wide open position.

19. In combination with a jail door, a locking device therefor, comprising a latch bar, means for raising said latch bar from dead-lock position into half-opened or full open position, and means for holding said door from being further opened when said door has been partly opened and the latching 'iechanism is in halt-locked position.

20. In combination with a jail door, a locking device therefor, comprising a latch bar, means for raising said latch bar from dead-loch position into half opened or full open position, another latch bar connected with said door, a pair of pawls engaging said latch bar, means for disengaging one of said pawls when the latching means is raised into half-locked position and means for raising the other of said pawls when the latching mechanism is raised to Wide open position.

21. A locking device for jails, comprising a latch bar, a pair of fluid operated cylinders, means for connecting said cylinders with said latch bar and fluid pressure. means adapted to operate said cylinders, independcntly or collectively, to move said latch bar into half locked position, open position and dead lock position 2 A locking device for jails, including means associated with each cell door, adapt ed to operate the latch bars of each cell, sinlultaneously, said operating means including a pair of cylinders and a source of fluid pressure. in which a master control valve is interposed. to direct the fluid pressure to operate the cylinders in pairs, collectively or individnallv. to position the latch bars into open or dead loclrcilposition, for the purposes specified.

A locking device for jails, including latch bars tor each cell. a pair of operating cylinders for each latch bar, means for connecting said cylinder to said bars, and a source of pressure connected with said cylinders in a manner to held under pressure, said bars into dead loch position or to operate said pairs of cylinders collectively, or each of the pair separate to move said bars into half open or wide open position.

24. A locking device for jail doors. including a pressure system, having means for retaining a constant pressure, a master 'alve, having an inlet port connected with said source of constant pressure, outlet openings in said master valve, pairs of cylinders, means for connecting said cylinder with said master valve in a manner to permit the cylinder of each pair to be operated in unison and the pairs of cylinders to be operated simultaneously and to operate one cylinder of each pair separately of the other cylinder,

but in unison with the same cylinder of each pair, in a manner to operate the latch bar of a series of cells, into position, to lock or unlock the same.

:25. A jail locking device, including a source of pressure, a master valve, a series of pairs of cylinders, means for connecting said cylinders with said valve, in a manner to maintain a constant pressure in said cylinders, to hold the locking bars of a series of cells, in dead locked position or open position under pressure, and to operate one of each pair of cylinders in a manner to hold the locking bar in half open position with the operating cylinder, under the maximum pressure.

26. A jail locking device, including a source of constant pressure, a master valve, a series of pairs of cylinders, means for connecting said cylinders through said master valve in a manner to cause the same to move the locking bars into open position, with maximum pressure in the said cylinders, and to hold the locking bars into dead lock position, under the maximum force of said pres sure, by the operation of said master valve.

2?. A locking device for jail cell doors, comprising latch bars, a pair of cylinders for each cell, means for connecting the cylinders to said latch bars, a source of constant pressure, a master valve interposed between said source of pressure and said cylinder and means adapted to connect said cylinders to direct the maximum pressure of the source of supply, to either side of the pistons in said cylinders, selectively, to hold the pistons of the cylinders, under maximum pressure, into positions to dead loch, half lock or wide open positions of said latch bars, under the maximum source of said pressure.

A locking device for jails, including a source oi pressure, latch bars for each of a series of cells, a pair of cylinders for each cell, means for connecting said cylinders to said latch bars, means for connecting said cylinders to said source of pressure, including a master valve interposed between the said source of pressure and said cylinders, said connecting means including a series of valves in said master valve and operating means whereby force can be directed from said source of pressure to either side of the pistons in said cylinders, to operate latch bars of each of the cells, collectively into open, half open and dead lock position. in a manner to direct maximum pressure of said source of supply against the piston of the operating cylinder, to move the same a complete stroke at each operation, to insure a positive positioning of the latch bars, at each operation of the cylinder.

29. A locking device for jails, including means for operating the latch bars of a series of cells, said latch bar operating means comprisinga pair of cylinders, means for connecting the cylinder pistons to the cell latch bars, means for adjusting the length or" stroke of the pistons, a source of pressure ccnnected with said cylinders, a master valve for controlling the pressure to direct the same against either side of the pistons of said cy .ndcrs, to selectively opcrate the pistons of the cylinders in either direction, to operate the latch bars of the cells and means for bypassing the QXllflllSt from either side of the cylinders, through the operating valve to a reservoir connected with the source of pressure.

30. A locking device for jail doors, adapt ed to operate the latch bars, including cylinders, means connecting the cylinders with the latch bars, a rack bar connected with each door ol each cell, a pair of operating I pawls, adapted to engage said latch bar and means for successively engaging said pawls to release the same from the rack, separate ly, whereby one of said pawls is adapted to engage with the rack bar when the latch bar is in half open position.

31. A locking device for jails, comprising a latch bar, means engaging said latch bar adapted to raise the same, said means permitting the latch bar to travel freely upwardly relative thereto, and a second means for raising said latch bar above the upper position to which said latch bar may be raised by said first named means, and means for selectively operating either 01 said raising means.

32. A locking device for jails comprising a latch bar having a member protruding therefrom, a pair of rods slidable relative to said member, a lug formed on one of said rods on the bottom thereof, adapted to engage said men'ilier, a pair of lugs formed on the other of said rods, one on each side of said member, adapted to engage the same and means for selectively raising and lou ering said rods to cause the latch bar to remain in half lock position, full open or dead lock position.

33. A master valve for jails comprising a casing, having two chambers therein, a series of valves conmiunicating with one of said chambers, a second series of valves com municating with the other of said chambers, said valves being arranged in alinement, a series of pipes having branches connected to pairs of said valves in each of said chambers and means for simultaneously depress ing a number of said valves to control the flow of fluid through said pipes.

3st. A master valve comprising a casing, a plurality of valves mounted in alinement along said casing, said valves having valve stems protruding therethrough, a shaft positioned rearwardly of said valve stems,

Cir

a pluralit of levers pivoted to said shaft having lugs issuing therefrom and adapted to engage said valve stems.

S5. A lnasier valve comprising a casing, a plurality of valves mounted in alinement along said casing, said valves having valve stems protruding therethrough, a shaft p0- sitioned rearwardly of said valve stems, a plurality of levers pivoted to said shaft havinglugs issuing therefrom and adapted to 10 engage said valve stems and means for helding certain of said levers from movement.

JOHN ALLENSON,