US1540712A - Signal-sending apparatus in wave telegraphy - Google Patents

Description

L. PU NGS SIGNAL SENDING APPARATUS IN WAVE TELEGRAPHY June 2, 1925. 1,540,712

Filed Aug. 23, 1921 l-NVENTORz' LEO Pumas,

I recruiters; F BERLI N-GH RLOT-TENBURG,GE MANY, nssrenou ro c. jnonnnz' UN'lTE A g AKTIENG-E SELLSCHAFT, OE LORENZWEG, BERLIN-TEMPELHOFrGERMANY.

' sIGNAn-sEN InG errneairus. In a mals Application filed augustasfiean Serial no, 494571. 1

(GRANTED UNDER THE PnovIsIons or THE Ao'rorjmnnen 3, 1921,41 STAT. 1 3131 To allwkom z'tmag concern."

Be it known that I, LEO PUNGSyEt citizen ofGer-many, residing at Berlin-Charlottenburg, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Signal-Sending Apparatus in WVave Telegraphy (for'which applications were filed in Germany September 27, 1913', and December 7 1918, Patents Nos. 291,132 and 298,582), of which thegfollowing'is a specification. Y

1 This'nvention relates to a method for the sending of signals in the wave telegraphy by means. of high frequency machines which is based upon the knownfproperty' of coils withiron cores to be able'tojvary their inductivity within wide limits. It is known to provide such a coil with two or i more separate windings of which the one conducts a high frequency current and the other thecontinuous currentfor the production of the superposed magnetic induction. This coil can thus be used in simple manner asyariometer by merely regulating the induotivity by: variation of the continuous current without any alteration upon the high frequency side. u y

This method can-be applied according to this invention in connection with high frequency machines in, varying the conditions of resonance; of'rthe syntonizing circuits of the machine when the wave lengths or the syntony are altered. V

The method is explained" by the connection-arrangement shown on the only'figure of the drawing and which isbased upon a Goldschmidtmachine. Y i

In the figure a and b arestatorand rotor coils of an alternator; a designating'the stator connected. with the antenna, and :Z) the rotor of the machine with the necessary syntonizing circuits consisting of capacity andself-inductiong Inthe first syntonizing circuit the iron core .05 with the high fre-v s l I quency winding 6 and with the continuous current windingf is inserted whilst the continuous current is controlled by the key h across an adjustable resistance. In this case the coilv alters thusrthe syntonization.

'jThe method possesses however an inoonvenience in so far as considerable losses can occur in the iron coreof the coil at high frequency, said losses consuming a'-.part of the high frequency energyh This pheno'me non becomes specially unfayorable when the coil is inserted for instance in Ta syntonilzing circuit of a high frequency machine, system 7o Goldschmidt, as in thiscase "already little I 7 losses make considerably worse'the supply" of energy from the numberof useful fperiod s. I

It has been found-"that the losses in the iron-can be madeto disappear almost comis made so high that the iron is. practically saturated. Asexample the followingstatements are given:

Awound iron'ring from sheet metal band 0 of 0.05 millimeter thickness produces at a -wave length of 7000 meters andwitha' determined intensity of current without continuou s cuirent'inductwn an equivalent lossresistance of 500 ohms. 1 As soon as the iron core is completely saturated by a continuous current magnetization which corresponds with an amperew nding number of approximately 100 per centimeter, the loss res st ance sinks at equal intensity of high frepletely if the'continuous current induction 7 1 quency current to about 1 to 2 ohms. V This value corresponds almost'to the true resistance-lossesin the high frequency winding so that the iron losses disappear owing to'the extraordinarily smallalternating current induction inthe iron. The coefli'cient 10f self induction of the coil sinks at the same time to about of its value when there is no continuous current magnetization.

The invention is based in its further development on this experience in improving the method. 7 The number of windings and the current of the winding for the superposed continuous current induction are seected so that theiron is practically fully no of the syntonizing circuit of high frequency machines are altered. I

man-nerthat while the signals are sent the continuous current hasits full value and the iron core is fully saturated, whllst at the time of the intervalsbetween the signalsthe continuous current is either completely cut,

out or the magnetization is brought under the kneeso that-besides-the desyntonization by variation of the inductivity the radiated energy is made vto disappear further-by the extraordinary increase of the resistancevalue of the coil;

The method is of special advantage for high frequency machines with multipleincrease of the frequency by syntonizing circuits (according to Goldschmidts principle or with utilization of frequency transformers or the combination of-the two) As already mentioned with Goldsch-midts =ma chine the losses in the syntonizing circuit must be as small aspossible as these circuits ought to'be really short-circuited; The utilization of the coils withiron cores for sending the; signals causes very high losses and therefore would notube useful; Only by the principle of the full saturation of the ironcore at thetimes of the consumption of energy it has become possibletoapply this method'to high frequency machines of the type mentioned.

Thereare however still other advantages obtained. The iron core can be inserted in the circuit .of the fundamental frequency;

with the application of the method described and withinsertion of the coil in the circuit of the fundamentalfrequency of a machine, the lossesso far that almost no difference could beascertained'in the sendingof energy whether a coil with highly saturated iron core or a coil of equal selfinductlon without -such*1roncore was used.

By cutting off the continuous current for the magnetization of'the ironcore coil the radiation; of {energyof the antenna could bebrought almost to zero so that, the signal sending could be executed in thesimplest manner.

When a machine with static frequency converters -is' used it is also of great advantage to --lay the'coil with iron' core-*into the circuit of the fundamental frequency in order to make the losses assmall as possible. I

I claim:

lrlntag signal sending; apparatus for Wave telegraphy, a high frequency machine having 'a plurality of syntonizing circuits of different frequencies, a coil having an iron core electrically i connected "with said circuits,:and means-associated with said core whereby the -coil=may'be subjected to superposed magnetic continuous current induction ,th'ereby varying the; :inductivity 0f the coil and (changing the conditions of reson-' ance of the :synton-izingxcircuitsr' 2. In a signal apparatus'forwave' teleg; raphy, an antenna circuit, a high frequency machine having ;a plurality of syntonizing circuits of different -:frequencies and connected with said antenna circuit for radialt ing'signals,',a coil having an iron coreinter posed in said circuits and adapted to normally maintain the antenna current "ata minimum, and 'means for subjecting the coil to superposed magnetiocontinuous currentinduction during the sending of signals,,said

meansbeing adapted-to.cause substantially complete-magnetic saturation of the iron core i, and thereby substantially eliminate magnetic: induction of high frequency, in the iron coreuandi'permitmaximum flow ofcursrent in said antenna circuit.

3.111 a signal sending apparatus for wave tele'graphy, an antenna circuit, ahigh frequency i machine having --a plurality of syntonizing circuits of 'difi'erent frequencies and connected with'the antenna circuit for radiating signal energy, acoil having an iron core-:connected with a machine circuit having a lower frequency than the antenna circuit,: and means 1 whereby "the coil may be subjected to superposedmagneticEcontinuous current induction during signal sending intervals and 7 thereby simultaneously change the conditions of resonanceof saidsyntonizing circuits and antenna cir-' cuit. v I

In testimony whereof I have signed this specification-in the presenceof twowit IIBSSBS;

- LEO'PUNGSS Witnesses:

DR. O'moSoHNnmEn; KZTHESESOK?

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