US1534570A - Metallic alloy - Google Patents

Description

Patented Apr. 21, 1925.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALVAH W. CLEMENT, OF CLEVELAND, OHIO, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO LUDLUM'. STEM 60., OF 'WATERVLIET, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

No Drawing.

T all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ALVAH W. CLEMENT, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, inthe county of Guyahoga and State of Ohio,-have invented a certaln new and useful Improvement in Metallic Alloys, of which the following is a full, clear,-and exact description.

This invention relates to an alloy which may be used for the fabrication of articles and devices which in their use are subjected to the action of hot corroding gases, and high temperatures, as, for example, annealing and carburizing boxes, 'saggars, which 16 are used under conditions involving high temperatures, crucibles for melting brass, bronzes, etc., parts of furnaces, or in fact in any situation where it is desired to produce an article which is resistant to heat and 20 to corrosion and, in modified form, may be used for the making of non-corrosive forged articles, such as dles for die castings, ball races and balls for ball bearings, and other articles.

The alloy comprises a combination of iron, chromium and titanium, which combination when alloyed has a high melting point, is tough, and not brittle.

To the alloy of the elements mentioned,

small proportions of silicon, or of silicon with aluminum may be added, which prevent material oxidization of the surfaces of an article fabricated of the alloy, by providing a film or surface of oxide which serves as a protecting covering,

Inamaking the alloy, the carbon content should be kept as low as possible, as by the use of oxidizing slags, for carbon in appreciable amounts renders the alloy hard and 40 very difiicult to work. I y

A very effective alloy for the purposes I have found to consist of the following; titanium 6 per cent, chromium 10 per cent,

aluminum 10 per cent, the balance of iron and silicon, the silicon present being less than 1 per cent. The percentage of aluminum and titanium may be varied, but should not be less than 5 er .cent of each of the elements mentioned The chromium may W vary from 10 per cent to 30 per cent, the iron and silicon always making up the balance of the alloy.

If desired, molybdenum may be 'added where the percen age of titanium present is METALLIC ALLOY.

Application filed August 15, 1917. Serial No. 186,267.

above 5 per cent, but is undesirable with lower percentages of titanium. Where molybdenum is so added, the percentage of titanium must be maintained sufliciently high so that the addition of molybdenum will not make an inherently soft alloy. The molybdenum imparts to the alloy the property of easy machinability.

Where the alloy is intended to be used under conditions involving very high temis preferable to form the alloy using as the sources of the elements ferro-titanium and fer'ro-chromium, When utilizing sources of ingredients the same are preferably melted in the electric furnace together with suitablefluxes, which fluxes are those well known in the art.

The alloy maybe very advantageously used for the making of dies for die castings, or for dies 'andiplungers in the handling of hot glass, or for molds in the handling of hot glass, as well as for forming ball bearings, by. fabricating the articles thus to be used of the alloy described, and subsequently heat treating the surfaces which are to be exposed to the wear and abrasion, as by carburizing so as to form at these surfaces a high proportion of carbides which will comprise carbides of titanium and chromium; The

carbides mentioned are exceedingly hard these v exceed 25% temperatures, containing on analysis chromium not to exceed 30%, titanium not to and the. balance principally iron. Y

3. A substantially nickel free alloy resistant to corrosion and to oxidation at high temperatures, and containing on analysis chromium not below 104% and not to exceed 30%, titanium not to exceed 25%, and the balance principally iron.

4. A substantially nickel free alloy resistant to corrosionand to oxidation at high temperatures containing on analysis 5% to 25% of titanium, substantially 170% to 30%, of chromium, the balance consisting principally of iron.

5. An article resistant to corrosion and to oxidation at high temperatures made of a substantially nickel free alloy containing on analysis titanium from 5% to 25%, the balance being principally chromium and iron, the exposed surface of the article containing ctirrbides of the principal ingredients of the a loy.

6. An article resistant to corrosion and to oxidation at high temperatures made 'of a substantially nickel free alloy containing on analysis 10% to 30% of chromium, titanium. not to exceed 25%, the balance being principally iron, the exposed surface of the article containing carbides of aforesaid ingredients.

7 A substantially nickel free alloyed soft steel resistant to corrosion and to oxidation at high temperatures containing on analysis approximately 5% to 20% of titanium, and the balance principally iron and chromium.

8. A substantially nickel free alloyed soft steel resistant to corrosion and to oxidation at'high temperatures containing on analysis chromium not to exceed 30%, and titanium not to exceed 20%.

9. A substantially nickel free alloyed soft steel resistant to corrosion and to oxidation at high temperatures containing on analysis, chromium not below 10% and not to exceed 30%, and titanium not to exceed 20%.

10. A substantially nickel free alloyed soft steel resistant to corrosion and to oxidation at high temperatures containing on analysis 5% to 20% of titanium, and substantially 10% to 30% of chromium.

11. An article resistant to corrosion and I containing on analysis chromium about 10% to 30%, and titanium not to exceed 20%, the exposed surface of the article containing carbides of aforesaid ingredients.

In testimony. whereof, I hereunto afiix my signature.

ALVAH W. CLEMENT.