US1534243A - Method and device for the production of high temperatures - Google Patents

Description

W. OEHM April 21, 1925.

METHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE PRODUCTION OF HIGH TEMPERATURES Filed Sept. 20, 1921 Fig?.

wauw @Lim as) L* Patented Apr. 2l, i925..

iT A 'p hdt WLHELM OEM, OF DUSSELDOFJF, GERIiM-LNY.

IETHOD AND DEVICE FOR THE ERO'DUCTIGN OF HIGH TEhTPERATUB/ES.

Application lcd September 20,` 1921. Serialy 1ro/502,007.

To all whom t may concer/IL:

Be it known that l, lVrn-rnniirOnrrM, a citizen of the uGerman Republic, residing at Dusseldorf, vGermany, have invented certain .new and useful improvements in Methods `and Devices for the Production of High Temperatures, of` which the following is a specification.

.This invention relates to furnaces for the .production of high temperatures and designed'specially to lenable. the combustion of inferior fuel.; Such.inferior fuelscould be chimney@k draught was increased by producing-,with the aid of exhausting devices, ven tilators or steam jet blowers, a forced draught under the grate, in order to intensify Vthe combustion process. Such arrangements suffer, however, from the drawback that the gases when escaping through the chimneys or smole stacls are not Vcompletely consumed, and there is consequently a great waste of fuel. The use of heat accumulators heretofore proposed is notsufficient toensure the complete combustion of `inferior fuels.v Also ay drawback connected with the methods of combustion used at present is that it-talres a long time to pro- -duce the full heating capacity of the Vfurnace. These objections are avoided by the method and apparatus of this invention.

ln the accompanying drawing two forms of construction of furnaces for theutilization of this invention are illustrated.

Fig. l shows, in longitudinal section, a heating furnace or melting furnace. 2 is a horizontal section of the same on line EFH of Fig. l. Fig. 3 shows in longitudinal section a drying oven. Fig. 4t is a cross section on line lV-lV of Fig. 3.

ln an oven or furnace l of convenient type, such as may be used, for instance, for the heating of metallic parts or for the melting of metals, burners 3 are arranged in proximity to the chamber 2 for the mate` rials to be heated, said burners having arrow-shaped slots 4L. A tube 5 inserted into the oven serves for connecting a conduit for compressed air with the oven. This tube 5 is serpentine shaped or coiled at 6 in a heated chamber above and in close proximity to the burners 3, and it terminates in the shape of a thin nozzle 7 in each of the burners 3. The arrow-shaped or converging slots 4, communicating with the combustion chambers above the grates 3, ensure perfect The combustion chambers yabove the grates 8 for supporting t-he solid fuel-are provided with chargingl openings 9. A flue` l() for the waste gases connects-the .end of the chamber 9. with a zig-.zag shapedliue ll which coinniunicatesV with the .atmosphere. rthe zig-zag course of the-gases and the outlet to the atmosphere or open/air is indicated by the arrows inllig; 2. i .zigzag shaped channel forthe ainforcombustion is formed by Ythe specialarrangement of the walls of flue il. The course of the air circulation to the ash-pit under the grate 3 is Adenoted by the arrows in Fig. 2. The air for combustionv is admitted into theoven through the. inlet` l3vof the channel l2 so as to flow through this channel to the` ash-pit under the grates, and thence upward to the combustion chambers abovethe grates. The heated incoming air is sucked into the combustion chambers by the forced draft induced by the compressed air admitted tothe burners 3 through the .pipe or pipes 5. Small holes 2O serve for admitting part of the air for combustion overthe gratesto the combustion chambers.

The operation of the apparatus is as follows:

The flames and the gases from the combustion of fuel on the grates 3 are forced through the slots a of the burners 3 by the action of the line jet of compressed air projected from the nozzles 7 in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the burners 3 so that said gases are completely consumed, whereupon the products of combustion are forced into the chamber 2 where they are utilized for heating the materials at high temperatures. The waste products of combustion escape through the flue 10 and the zig-zag shaped flue ll into the atmosphere, or they may be conducted to any other point in order to be further utilized, this being possible as they are still under a certain pressure.

ln travelling' through the zig-zag shaped flue ll the products of combustion give up part of their heat to the walls of the flue, so that the inflowing air for combustion, passing by said walls, is thus preliminarily heated, as is also the compressed air entering to the burners through the pipe 5.

An essential advantage of this arrangement consists in the fact that the furnace is heated to the required temperature shortly after the compressed air has been injected, and that the chimney flue may be contracted and the draft suppressed as the gases have been thoroughly consumed, so that they can escape through a small or simple pipe.

Owing to this invention it is possible to completely consume inferior fuel such as moist, mouldy raw lignite or the like, Without explosions and Without the production of dense smoke which are otherwise liable to occur.

Figs. 3 and d represent a` drying oven for rfoundry purposes and the like which Works according to the improved method. The flames and the gases from combustion resulting from the combustion of the fuel upon the grate 11i are forced to flow through the inclined slots 17 of a burner 18 by the forcing action of the jet of compressed air coming out of the narrow nozzle 1G of tube l5. The gases are conducted into the mould to be dried through the outflow flue 19.

I claim l. In a heating furnace for consuming solid fuel, the combination with a grate to support said fuel and above which grate is a. combustion chamber, of a burner communicating with said combustion chamber and constructed with communicating arrowshaped or converging slots, a heating chamber With which said burner conmiunicates, and a pipe for admitting con'ipressed air to said burner, said pipe terminating in a discharge nozzle centrally disposed relative to said converging slots.

2. In a heating furnace for consuming solid fuel, the combination With a grate to support said fuel and above which grate is a combustion chamber, of a. burner communicating with said combustion chamber and constructed with communicating arrowshaped or converging slots, a heating chamber with which said burner communicates, a pipe for admitting compressed air to said burner, said pipe terminating in a discharge nozzle centrally disposed relative to said converging slots, and means for heating the compressed air thus discharged to said burner.

3. In a heating furnace for consiuniug solid fuel, the combination With a grate to support said fuel and above which grate a combustion chamber, of a burner commu nicating with said combustion chamber and constructed with communicating arrowshaped or converging slots, a. heating chamber with which said burner communicates, a pipe for admitting compressed air to said burner, said pipe terminating in a discharge nozzle centrally disposed relative to said converging slots, means for heating the compressed air thus discharged to said burner, and a. zig-zag passageway from said heating chamber to a discharge opening, and serving to heat a flue for incoming air for combustion.

In a heating furnace for consuming solid fuel, the combination with a. grate to support said fuel and above which grate is a combustion chamber, of a burner communicating with said combustion chamber and constructed with communicating arrowshaped or eoniferging slots, a heating chamber with which said burner communicates, a pipe for admitting compressed air to said burner, said pipe terminating in a discharge nozzle centrally Vdisposed relative to said converging' slots, means for heat-ing the compressed air thus discharged 'to said burner, and a heated zigzag passageway through which fresh air for combustion is sucked to said combustion chamber.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature.

IVILHELM OEHM.

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