US1532483A

US1532483A - Rotary valve

Info

Publication number: US1532483A
Application number: US661411A
Authority: US
Inventors: Foss Christian Celsus; Loach Douglas Dewey De
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1923-09-07
Filing date: 1923-09-07
Publication date: 1925-04-07
Anticipated expiration: 1942-04-07

Description

April 7, 1925.

C. C. FOSS ET AL ROTARY VALVE 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sepu. '7, 1923 [Ni EN TOR c, c. 2 065 ZIDDELOACH,

WITNESSES "A TTORNE YS C. C. FOSS ET AL ROTARY VALVE 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed SPD&. '7 1923 C C bss,

. DDELOAC/f INVENTOR ATTORNEYS WITNESSES 3 a H w a 3 2 .5 e w v. 2.} R50 Y a n NM M 5,3 m w .D w 11 e I C 8 \1. D MT h T s Ir, p 4 A 5 C. C. FOSS ET AL ROTARY VALVE Fil d sept. 7.

w I l April 7, 1925;

WITNESSES April 7, 1925.

C. C. FOSS ET AL ROTARY VALVE Filed Sept. 7., 1925 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 NVENTOR 'C C- 65:5 DD/) bonc g WITNESSES ATTORNEYS April 7, 1925.

1923 5 sheetsesheet 5 INVENTOR (1 CV 79 5 .ZJDALDE 4,04 c

c. c. Foss ET AL- ROTARY VALVE Fildsept. v

A TTORN E YS l atentetl Apr. 5?, 12 1 253..

CHRISTIAN CELSUS FOSS, OF ?ULASKI, AND DOUGLAS DEW'EY ZOE LOACH, OF SAVAN- LNAH, GEQRGIA.

EEOTABJY VALVE.

Application filed September 7, 1928. Serial. No. 661,411,

T all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, CHRlSTIAN C. Foss and Doncms D. De LoAcH, citizens of the United States, and residents, respectively, of Pulaski, in the county 0i Candler and State of Georgia, and Savannah, in the county of Ohatham and State of Georgia, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Rotary Valves, of which the followin is a specification.

ur invention relates to improvements in rotary valves and more particularly to improvements in rotary valves for internal combustion engines, and it consists in the combinations, constructions and arrangements herein described and claimed.

An object of our invention is to provide an improved rotary valve construction for internal combustion engines which will atford facilities for controlling: the delivery ot a combustible fluid charge to one or more cylinders of an engine and the discharge of exhaust, gases from the cylinder or cylinders of the engine. without possibility of sticking or undue f ictionbetween the relatively-movingparts of the valve mechanism, irrespective of the number of cylinders which are comprised in the engine with whic i the 'alve mechanism ma be associated.

A further object. of the invention is to provide a rotary valve mechanism of the character de cribed which includes means automatically adjustable to compensate for wear on the relatively moving parts of the valve mcchanisi'n as well as for unequal expansion or contraction of the relatively moving; parts whereby leakage of the intake or exhaust gases from the valve mechanism is prevented.

further object of the invention is to provide a rotary alvc mechanism of the character descri ed in which the rotating valvcwill he supported anti-[rictionally in its casing and will turn smoothly and quietly therein.

further object of the invention is to provide in a rotary valve mechanism of the character dcscrihcd a novel packing ring which is self-adjusting to ooin -iensatc for wear on or unequal expansion or ontraction of the rotating valve and the valve casing and which effectively prevents leakage of gases between the valve and the valve casing at a desirable place along the length of the latter.

A further object of theinvention is to provide a mechanism of the character described which is constructed in such manner that a suitable lubricant may be conveniently supplied to the relatively moving surfaces of the valve mechanism without permitting leakage of gases between such surfaces.

A still further object of the invention is to provide in a rotary valve mechanism of the character described, a novel drive arrangement for transmitting power from a moving part of the engine to the rotatable valve, the drive mechanism also including means for supporting a distributor for intermittently connecting the spark plugs of the respective cylinders of the engine with an ignition circuit.

Other objects and advantages of the invention willv be apparent from the following description, considered in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a view, mainly in vertical section and partly in side elevation, showing a practical embodiment of the invention operatively applied to an internal c0mbustion engine, only portions of the latter being exhibited,

Figure 2 is a section along the line 2-2 of Figure 1,

Figure 3 is a section along the line 3--3 of Figure 1,

Figure l is a fragmentary perspective view showing an element of the valve and a transmission element which is carried thereby,

Figure 5 is a relatively,enlarged tragmcntaiy section along the line 5--5 of .liigruro 2, A

F igure (l is a perspective view showing in separated position the complementary sections of an expausible valve head,

Figure 7 is a perspective group vicw showing elements of an expansible packing ring which is comprisedin the device,

Figure 8 is a ,viow similar to Figure 1,

showing a second form oi the valve mechanisin embodying the invention,

Figure 9 is a section along; the line 9-9 01' Figure 8,

Figure 10 is a perspective view showing one of two complementary sections of a which is formed to provide a plurality of cylinders which are indicated at 2 3, at and 5 respectively. Each of the cylinders is provided with an intake port and an enh aust port which extend throughthe head oi the cylinder and establish communication between the interior of the latter and the in terior of the valve easing 6 which extends across the head of the respective cylinders the intake and exhaust ports for the cylinder 4: being shown in Figure 53 and heing indicated at 7 and 8 respectively. The valve casing ti preferably comprises an outer tubular member consisting otva base portion 9 which may he formed integrally with the engine block and a cap portion 10 which is eomplemcntal' to the base portion the base portion and the cap )ortion being pro-ruled at their meeting edges with radially entcruh Ling portions which may be secured top'etl by bolts 11 as best seen in l ig'ures 2 and 3.

The valve casing 6 also provided with a Water jacket 12 which may have con:- munication at any suitable number of points with a water manifold or supply conduit 13 and which also may he in open commanication and continuous with the Waer jachct 1st of the cylinders, as clearly shown in ures 2 and 3.

. The valve casing'also comprises an inner tubular member or liner which consists of two complementary segmental tions 15 and 16 respectively. the former of which has the outer wall thereof coextensive in area with the inner Wall of the base portion 9 ot the outer casing member While the outer wall of the section 16 is coextensive in area with portion 10 of the outer casing member and the sections 15 and it? respectively are socured in close intorfittinurelation to the base portion 9 and the cap portion 10 of the outer casing member sothat the meeting edges of the sections and 16 are in contact with each other in the plane of the meeting edges of the base portion 9 and the cap portion. 10. v

The valve casing 6 is provided at suitable places along" its length with sets of ports opening through the upper side thereof,

each of the sets of ports consisting of an intake port located diametrically opposite the intake port 'I for one of the c linders and an exhaust port located diametrically the inner Wall oi. the cap op osite the exhaust port 8 of the same cy incler. It is to be understood that there is a set of the ports through the upper part of the valve casing for each of the cylinders across which the valve casing extends. In Figure 2, we show the set of ports in the upper part of the valve casing for the cylinder 4, the intake port of said set being designated 17 and the exhaust port indicated at 18. The intake port 17 is shown as being in open communication with a conduit 19 which in actua practice is a branch of the intake manifold of the engine. The er; haust conduit 18 also is shown in open communication with a conduit 20 which in practice is a branch of the exhaust manifold of the engine 4 i It desirable that the intake gases should pass direct from the conduit it) through iii n intake ports 1? direct to the intal-rc port. 8 7 and thence into the explosion chamber of the cylinder at the proper time Without my appreciable quantity ot the gas being permitted to move longitudinally of the val to may casing as otherwise loss of compression ensue and the operation of on he detrimentally ati'ected. To this end, inventio provides novel valve and means ro'tatably supported within 't' casing and cooperating with the insure take gases to each cylinder at the pro;- time Without there being any the gases during the passage :h; the

nake port 17 for each eynnr oppos te intake port 7 of the eyl valve and packing means also H15 complete charge of the exhaust each cylinder at a proper time. means embodied in the form tics 1 which is exhibited in Figures 1, 5.3., 3 and 5 comprises a carrying member Which is designated generally 21 (see Figure 4t). The carrying member 21 may comprise two axially aligned interengagcd sections and respectively for convenience in removing the carrying member from the valve casino and replacing it in the latter when desired. The section 22'has the form of a hollow tube or cylinder reduced diametrically at its ends and merged into axially aligned solid or shaft portions 22" and E22 respectively. The section-23 also has the form of a hollow tube or cylinder reduced (liametrieally at its ends and merged into axially aligned oppositely ext-ending solid or shaft portions 23" and 23 respectively. The solidor shaft portions of the sections :22 or 22* are also in axial alignment with the hollow tubular section. The solid or

shaft portions

23 and 23 respectively of the section 23 also are in axial alignment'with the section 523. The sections 22-and 23 are equal in diameter. The shaft portion 23 is enlarged at its extremity as indicated'et 24L,

25 i carr .ing member is as at valve casing. 3

the enlargement being provided with a tongue extension which is adapted to enter a socket 26 in the end of an enlargement 27 of the shaft portion 22 at the outer end of the latter. The sections 22. and 23 ay thus be coupled together to rotate as a unit. The shaft portion 22 is enlarged adjacent to its end as indicated at 28. The shaft ortion 23 is enlarged adjacent to its end as indicated at 29. The

enlargements

28, 29 and 27% are circular in cross sectional contour and equal in diameter so that thecarrying member 21 will be supported to rotate about its longitudinal axis" when the respective enlargements just enumerated are supported anti-frictionally 30 in hearings or journal boxes 31, 32 and 33 respectively which are carried by the engine block 1 and are disposed in axial alignment with one another and with the bore of the valve casing 6. With this arrangement, the carrying member 21 will be disposed in concentric relation to the bore of the valve casing 6 and the diameter of the

tubular sections

22 and 23 of the such that the outer faces of t ese sections will have a close sliding fit within the inner tubular member of the The carr member 21 may be driven at a speed which will vary with the speed of the engine by power derived from a movingpart of the engine and transmitted to 5 the carrying member by means of ayerticali shaft 34 which carries a worm 35 in mesh with a worm wheel 36 on a shaft portion of the carrying member. In the embodiment of the invention shown in Figure 1, the

shaft 34 extends above the level of the carrying member 21 and the upper end portion of the shaft 34 is fashioned, as at 37 to support the usual distributor not shown for connecting the spark plugs of the rerequired to adapt cooperation with a valve casingwluch exspective cylinders intermittently with an ignition circuit. I

The section 22 of the carrying member 21 is adaptcd'to overlie the cylinders 2 and 3 while the section 23 is adapted to overlie the cylinders 4 and 5. However, it will be understood that the hollow tubular portions or the section of the carrying member which our invention provides may be of any length the carrying 'membcr for tends across one or more cylinders. The hollow tubular portion of the carrying memher which extends within the valve casing 6 above the cylinder 4 is illustrated in Figure 2 and will be described in detail, it being understood that the hollow tubular portions of the carrying; member which respectively extend within the valvecasing 6 above the remaining cylinders are identical in construction and operation in essential respects with the portion of the tubular enlarged at its outer end to carrying member which is shown in Figure 2. The same reierence numerals therefore have been used to designate like parts of the portions of the carrying member which,

extend within the valve casing 6 above the respective cylinders. Each of these portions of the carrying member is provided with spaced apart peripheral grooves 38 in its outer face, the distance between each two adjacent grooves being greater than the diameter of the underlying cylinder. Diametrica'lly opposite recesses 39 and 40 respectively extend longitudinally of the carrying member in the outer face of the latter between each two adjacent grooves 38. A port 41 extends radially from the bot-- tom wall of each recess 39 to the inner wall of the carrying member; A port 42 of equal area extends from the bottom of the recess 40 through the walls of the carrying memher and opens into the interior of the latter. An expansible valve head designated generally 43 is provided for each of the cylinders and comprises two cooperative hollow sections 44 and 45 respectively. The hollow section 44 is adapted adjacent to one endthereof to slidably interfitithe section 45. The section 44 is enlarged adjacent to its other end as indicated at 46 to closely interfit the port 39 and is further enlarged at itsouter end as indicated at 47 to interfit the recess 39, the enlargement 47 being in the nature or" a continuous flange which is curved arcuately in cross sectional contour so that the outer face thereof will closely contact at all points with the inner wall of the inner member of the valve casing. The section 45 is enlarged adjacent to its outer end as indicated at 48 to closely interfit the opening .01' port 42 and is further provide a flange 49, the'enlargement 49 being adapted. to interfit the recess 40 and being arcuately curved in cross sectional contour so that the outer face thereof will conform in curvature to the inner wall ,oi the valve casing 6. Expansion springs 50 are disposed bctwcen the enlargements 46 and 48 of each 'eXpuusiblc valve head, being retained in position by inwardly extending lugs 51 carried by the enlargements 4G and 4S and engaging with the end portions of the expansion springs. The expansion springs of each expansiblc vulvc head urge the sections of the latter apart continuously and thus tend to hold the outer faces of the sections ofeach valve head in close contact with the inner wall of the valve casing. A pair of cxpausiblc packing rings 52 are provided. for cooperation with each of the expansible valve heads. Each expans'ihle ring 52 is of the split ring" ty 0 of construct-ion and comprises two comp cmcntary segmental sections 53 and 54 respectively, these sections having overlapping slidably engaging reduced portions at the meeting ends as best seen in Figure The outer diameter of each of the expansiblc rings 52 is such that the ring will be partially received in a groove 55 in the inner wall of the inner tubular member 1516 of the valve casing when the expansible ring is also partially received in the groove 38 which is in concentric relation to the groove 55. It of course is to be understood that there is a groove 55 in the inner face of the inner tubular memher of the valve casing in concentric relation with each of the grooves 38in the outer I peripheral wall of the carrying member.

Rods 56 extend in chord-like relation to each of the rings 52 and each rod has the end portions thereof received in sockets in the inner walls of the rings. Each rod 56 is enlarged intermediate its length as-inclicatcd at 57 to provide a stop. Expansion springs 58 disposed on each rod 56 between opposite ends of the stop 57 and slidable collars 51) which work throiigh openings in the wall of the carrying members 21 and urge the slidablecollars 59 outwardly against the sections of the expansible ring. thereby tending to expand the latter.

illustratml to advantage in Figure 5, the pair oi espansible rings with which each of ihe cxpansible valve heads 43 is associated are in close sliding contact with the

enlarged end portions

47 and 49 of the sections oi the cxpansible .valve head at opposite ends or": the latter.

From the foregoing description of the various parts the operation thereof. may be readily understood. The carrying member 21 will be rotated so that the 'expansible valve head for each cylinder willvbe dia posed at the proper time in position to perinit passage of combustible gases from the int: he port 17 through the expansible valve head to the intake port 7, thence into the cylinder. As the rotational movement of the carrying member continues, compression will take place within the cylinder and any or the compressed charge which may pass between the wall of the carrying member and the inner wall of the valve casinobetween each pair of packing rings 52 will be' confined by the latter within the space between. such adj acent packing rings,' whereby there will be no appr ciable lessening of compression within the cylinder. As the rotation of the carrying member 21-is continued, the 'expa iisible valve head will be disposed in position to connect the exhaust:

tle exhaust port port 8 of the cylinder with 18 of thcvalve casing. he expansible valve hea'd will-be adjusted automatically because of the action of the expansion springs'bo to compensate for wear on the with or to compensate for unequal expan-.

sion or. contraction of these relatively moving parts. Smooth and eificient operation of a valve mechanism embodying the invention at all times thus are assured.

It is desirable that the relatively moving parts of the 'alve mechanism shall be kept in a lubricated.condition without permitting the escape of gases between these parts and to this end each of the expansilole rings 52 is provided with a groove 61 in the outer peripheral wall thereof, which groove is in con'in'iunication with a supply duct 52 leading thereto through the upper part of the valve casing and with a dischargeduct 63 which may lead therefrom to the lower part of the valve casing, as best seen in Figure The groove (31 is in communication with passages 61 which extend radially in each ring part of the way through the latter and I then laterally" toward the, adjacent expansi' ble valve head. The latter is provided with transverse passages in the

enlarged end portions

47 and 49 of the sections thereof as indicated at and 6G- in Figure 5, the last named passages openinu' through the outer faces of the expansible valve head, whereby the lubricant will be fed between the relatively moving parts of the device.

In the 'form of the device which is illus trated in Figure 8 the valve casing is designated generally at 60 and comprises an outer shell -member 61 and an inner tubular member or liner 62 which respectively are identical in essential respects with the correspondmg members of the valve casing 6, the outer tubular members (31 being provided with a water jacket 63 which is in communication with the water jacket 1d of the engine block, as best seen in Figure 3). The outer tubular valve casing member (31 and the inner tubular valve casing member 62 aremade up of complementary sections as in the case of the inner and outer tubular members of the valve casing 6. In Figure. 10, we show one of the two similar sections of the inner tubu-' lar valve casing member or liner 62 and in the drawing we have designated the sections of the latter (32. It will be observed by referring to Figure 8 that the valve casing 60 diiiers from the 'alve casing 6 in that the set of intake ports for each cylinder is in alignn'ient longitutlinally of the valve casing with the set of exhaust ports for the cylinder instead of being in staggered relation in respect thereto, as in the case of the valve casing 6. The intake ports which essence open through the upper part of the valve casing for each 65, the exhaust port which opens tlntough the upper part of the valve casing 60 for each cylinder is indicated at 66, and G7 and 68 respectively designate the intake port and the exhaust port through the lower part of the valve casing 60 into each cylinder. It will he observed that the intake ports and GT for each cylinder are diametrically opposite each other and that the exhaust ports (36 and (18 for each cylinder also are diametrically opposite each other and in the same plane as the intake ports for that particular cylinder. The valve of the. form of the device illustrated in Figures 8 and 9 comprises a carrying member 69 which in essential respects diti'ers from the carrying member 9114 0111 in that it is pro vi ded with two openings indicated in Figure 9 at 70 and 71 respectively through the upper part of the portion thereof overlying each cylinder, '

ie openings

70 and 71 being respectively diametrically opposite openings 72 and 73 in the lowerpart of the portion of the carrying member which overlies the cylinder. instead of having oniy one opening through the upper part of thi portion of the carrying member which overlies each cylinder in alignment with a diametrically opposite opening through the lower-part of that portion, a in the case of the carrying member 21. p The openings 70 der are spaced apart slightly longitudinally oil. the carrying meinbcr and also circumferential v of the carrying memher, the open- T2 and 78 for each cylinder of course being similarly spaced. and the

openings

70 and 71 for each cylinder respectively open at their outer ends through

recesses

74 and 75 in the outer face oi the carrying member, 5 hemp; merged into the recesses it and 1 each other at their adjacent cnds as best seen in Figure 8.

The openings 72 and 73 likewise open through the hottoms of recesses '76 and 77 respectively which also are merged into each other their adjacent ends. An expansihle valve head '78 extends diametrically of the carrying member 69 for each cylinder and has enlarged portions received in the openings 70 and 72 and further enlarged end portions 79 respectively interfitting the recesses (75 and 77. A

similar expansihle valve head 80 also is PI'OVlded-ifl! each cylinder and extends diametricallyot the carrying member 6,9,havin 'enlar ed-portions received in the openings l-and 3 and further enlarged end portions 81 respectively intcrfitting the recesses 74 and 76. Corresponding end portions 79 and 81 of the valve heads 78 and 8t) tor each cylinder interlap slightly at their :uljacent ends and have cutout portions intcrengaging as indicated at 82 in Figure 8. he outer peripheral face of each otthe end cylinder is designated half portions of and 71 for each cylinportions 79 and 81 is curved to conform to the curvature of the inner wall of the continuous valve casing 60 and each of the expansihle valve-heads T8 and 80 is identical in construction in essential respects with the expansihle valve head 43 of the preferred form of the device, each comprisin two cooperative sections spring presse apart.

Disposed within the valve casing at oppo- 75 site ends of each set of eiipansihle'valve heads 7 8 and 80 are expansible packing rings such as that indicated at 83 in Figure 11. llachpacking ring 83 is made up of two scparahlc overlapping half portions, each of which comprises tions indicated at 84:, 85 and 86 respectively. The sections 84 and 86 are hingedly attached to the ends of the section 85, as indicated at 87 and the meeting ends of the sections 84 and 86 of each of the separable the ring are reduced and overlapped as indicated at 88. The sections 85 have transverse openings theret-hrough engaged by tongues 90 on the adjacent ends of one of the expansible valve heads 78 or 80 when a pair ofthe'rings 83 are disposed in abutting relation to opposite ends of the expansible valve heads 7 8 and 80 of each set. Each of the rings 83 is partially received in a groove 91 in the inner wall of the valve casing 60 and also is partially received in a cooperating groove in the outer "all of the carrying member 69, as in the case of the ring 62 in the preferred form of the device. A disk 91 is provided for each of the rings; 83;and is disposed within the carrying i'neinher, being provided with diametrically o giposite sockets 92 inwhich are secured exp nsinn springs 93 which protrude through openings in the walls of the carrying member and engage at their outer ends with the lapped end portions of sections 84:. 86 f the rings. Each expa'nsible ring 83 thus will be expanded both because of the action of the springs 93 and the ac tion of the expansiole valve head 78 or 80 with which it is associated since the lapped sections 84, 86 will he urged outwardly by the springs 98. and the urged apart as the particular valve head with which the ring is associated is expanded and pulled together or toward each other as the cxpansihle valve head is contracted in length for any reason.

()hviously. our invention is susceptible bf emhodiment in forms other than thoseillustratcd in the accompanyingdrawing and We therefore consider as our own all modifications and adaptations of the forms of the dcvice hc'rein disclosed which fairly fall within the scope of the appended claims.

Wc claim:

l. A rotary valve comprising: a tubular valve casing having three segmental secsections 85 will hev diametrically opposite ports formed through the walls thereof, and a valve comprising a carrying member mounted. to rotate in the casing and hal ing diametrically opposite openings respec tively adapted in register at times with the corresponding openings of the valve easing and radially expansible means extending through diametrically opposite openings in the carrying member in engagement with theinner Wall of the valve casing said radially expensible means being provided with an opening extending therethrough for establishing communication be tween the diametrically opposite portslof the valve casing at a certain time during rotation of the carrying member.

2. A rotary valve coinprisin a. tubular valve casing having diamctrica ly opposite ports formed through the walls thereof, and

a valve comprising a carrying member mounted to rotate in the casing and having diametrically opposite openings respective ly adapted to register at times with the corresponding openin s of the valve casing and radially expansi le means extending through diametrically opposite openings in the carrying member in engagement with the inner wall of the valve casing, said radially expansible means having an opening therethrough for establishing communication between diametrically opposite ports of the valve casing at a certain time duringrotation of the carrying member, said e7 pansiblc means comprising two partially overlapping slidably engaging sections sprin pr ssed apart continuously.

i rotary valve for multi-cvlinder internal combustion engines comprising alhollow valve. casing extending across the upper ends of the respective cylinders and. being provided with an exhaust port and an in take port opening through the lower part thereof into each cylinder said valve casing also being provided with an intake port and an exhaust port opening through the upper part thereof for each cylinder, the second named intake port being diametrically opposite the first named intake port for thesame cylinder'nnd the second named exhaust port for each cylinder being diametrically opposite the first named exhaust port for the same cylinder, and valve means for controlling communication between the respective intake ports and between the respective exhaust ports for each cylinder, said valve means comprising a carrying member rotatably supported in position to extend within the valve casing, and a radially expansible hollow valve head carried by the carrying member in tion to engage with the inner wall 0. the valve casing and to establish communication between the intake ports of each set at a certain period during each revolution of the carrying member to establish comincense munication between the mspeetive exhaust ports of each set during another period in each revolution of the carrying member.

4. A rotary valve for multi-cylinder enines comprising a valve casing having a bore extending, across the upper ends oithe cylinders, said bore being circular in cross sectional contour and having spaced apart annular grooves therein, the portion of the bore extending between two adjacent an nular grooves overlying the upper end of once? ,the cylinders, an elongated carrying oc libcr adapted to extend through said bore-and to protrude from the opposite end of the latter, means for supporting said carrying member anti-frictionally to rotate in concentric relation to the bore, said carrying member including tubular portions having spaced grooves corresponding in number and arrangement to the grooves in the bore of the casing, each groove in the peripheral wall of the carrying member being in concentric confronting relation to one of the gnooves in the bore of the valve casing, said valve casing having an intake port and an exhaust port openingthrough the lower part thereof for each cylinder to establish communication between the interior of the cylinder and the interior of the valve casing and said valve casing also having a second intake port and a. secondexhaust port for each cylinder, the second exhaust apart peripheral.

port opening through the u per part ofthe I valve casing in diametrical y 0 posite relation to the intake port througn the lower part of the valve casing and the exhaust port through the upper part of the valve casing being diametrically opposite to the exhaust port in the lower part of the valve casingfor each cylinder, each portion of the carrying member extending between adjacent grooves -liaving diametrically extending openings} respectively adapted to register with the intake ports for one cylinder when the carrving member has been rotated to one position in the valve casing and to register with the exhaust port in the valve casing for that cylinder when the carrying member has been rotated to another position, and a hollow radially expansible valve head working through the opening of the carrying member for con ducting gases between said intake ports of each cylinder when the carrying member is,

in the first named position and for conduct ing gases between the exhaust ports of the lit cylinder when the carrying member.

the second named position.

5. A rotary valve for inulti-cylinder engines comprising a valve casing havinga bore extending across the upper ends of the cylinders, said bore being circular infcross sectionalcontour and-having spaced apart sets of diametrically opposite ports through the'portion thereof overlying. each cylinder there being a set of intake ports and. a set of exhaust ports for 'eachcylindci, an elongated carrying member supported to rotate in the valve casing in concentric relation to the latter, and .a hollow radially expansible valve head supported by the carrying memher for conducting gases between said intake ports of each cylinder when the carrying: member has been rotated to one position and for conducting gases between the exhaustports of the cylinder when the carrying member is in another named position. and means whereby the carrying member may be rotated at aspeed proportionate to the speed of the engine.

6. A rotary valve for multi-cylinder engines comprising a valve casing having a bore extending across the upper ends-of the cylinders, said bore being circular in cross sectional contour and having spaced apart annular grooves therein. the portion of the bore extending between two adjacent annular grooves overlying the upper end of one of the cylinders. an elongated carrying; member adapted to extend through said bore and to protrude from the opposite end of the latter. means for supporting said carrying member anti-trictionally to rotate in concentric relation to the bore, said carrying member including tubular portions having spaced apart peripheral grooves corresponding in number and arrangement to the grooves 1n the bore of the casing. each groove in the peripheral wall of the carrying member be ing in concentric confronting relation to one of the grooves in the bore of the valve casing, said valve casing having an intake port and an exhaust port opening through the lower part thereof for each cylinder to establish communication between the interior of the cylinder and the interior of the valve casing and said val casing also having a second intake por and a second-exhaust port for each cylinder. the second as; haust port opening of the valve casing: in diametrically oppo site relation to the intake port through the" lower part of the valve casing and the exhaust port through the upper part of the valve casing being diametrically opposite to the exhaust port in the lower part of the valve casing for each cylinder. each portibn of the carrying member extending between adjacent grooves having diametrically extending openings respectively adapted to register with the intake ports of one cylindcr when the carrying member has been rotated to one position in the valve casing and to register with the exhaust port inthe valve casing for that cylinder when the uarrving xueinber has been rotated to another position. and a. hall'ow radially cxpansible valve head working through the opening 0 the carrying member for conducting gases part thereof in throucrh the upper part" :wall, of the carrying member, said enlarged faces thereof between said intake port of each cylinder when the carrying member is in the first named position and for conducting gases between the exhaust ports of the cylinder when the carrying member is in the second named position, and means whereby the carryinemember may be rotated at a speed proportionate and packing means arranged between corresporldinp grooves in the carrying member and the bore of the valve casing.

7. In a rotary valve. a tending transversely across the upper end of the cylinder of a combustion engine, sai valve casing having a bore circular-in cross sectional contour, said valve casing having a port opening through the lower part thereof into the interior of thecylinderand having a second port opening into the upper tion to the first named port, a carrying memher having a cylindrical portion extending through said valve casing and having a pair of peripheral grooves in its outer well. said grooves being respectively located in planes extending at opposite sides of the cylinder andsaid carrying member having diametrically opposite recesses in its peripheral wall extending longitudinally thereof between said grooves and also having a pair of openinns extending respectively from the bottom walls of the recesses to the inner walls of the carrying member in diametrically opposite relation to each other, whereby one of the openings through the carrying member will be in register with the upper part of said valve casing when the other of said open: ings in the carrying member is in register with the port in the lower part of the valve casing, and an expansible hollow valve head comprising two cooperative sections in slidable engagement wi li each other interiorly of the carrying mesh or and extending oppositely through theubpenings in the latter, said sections. h'a-vingatenlarged. end portions interfitting the; recesses in the peripheral end portions having the outer curved to conform to the curvature of the inner wall of the valve casing, and expansion springs urging the'sections of said expansible valve head apart:

diametrically opposite rela tothe speed of the engine,

valve casing ex- 8. In a rotary valve for multi-cylinder in- Q ternal combustion engines, a tubularvalve' casing extending across the upper ends of the cylinders and having sets of'diametrically opposite openings in the portion thereof overlying each cylinder for establishing communication transversely through the valvecasing between a source of supply of combustible fluid and the cylinder and be-o tween the cylinder and anexhaust conduit, and means for controlling communication between the respective ports of the two sets for each cylinder, said means including a.

valve head for each cylinder, said radiallyexpansible valve headsbeing carried by the carrying member torotate therewith and each being in close contact at its outer ends withthe inner wall of the'valve casing in position to conduct fluid between" the re spective ports of each set for one cylinder when the end portions of the valve head are.

in position to engage with the portions of thevalve casing containing said ports.

9. In a rotary valve for multi-cylinder internal combustion engines, a tubular valve casing extending across the upper ends of the cylinders and having'sets of diametrically opposite openings in the portion thereof overlying each cylinder for establishing communication transversely through the valve casing between a source of supply of combustible fluid and the cylinder and between thecylinder and an exhaust conduit, and means for controlling'communication betweenthe respective ports of" the two, sets for each'cyl-inder, said means including a rotatable carryingmemberextendingthrough the valve casing and comprising two axially alignedseparable sections coupled together in end' to end relation to rotate as a unit a and a hollow self-adjusting radially expanare in position to engage with the portions of the valve casing containing said ports, and packing rings disposed between the carrying member and the valve casing in flanking relation to said'expansible valve head.

10. In a rotary valve, a tubular valve cas ing having two diametrically opposite ports opening through the walls thereof, an expansible -valve head extending diametrically of the valve casing and having a passage extending therethrough longitudinally thereof. said valve head comprising two cooperative hollow sections, one having the inner end portion thereof slidably interfitting the inner end portion of the latter, said sections with oneof said ports of the 'valve casing and in register at its other end with the other port of the valve casing when said valve head has been rotated about the axis of the valve casing to a certain position within thelatter, spring means urging said tive hollow sections, one having the inner 'end portion thereof slidably interfitting the iner end portion of the latter, said sections being enlarged to provide continuous flanges at the outer ends thereof, said flanges having the outer faces thereof curved to conform to the curvature of the inner wall ofthe valve casingand said valve head being disposed within the valve casing so that the passage therethrough will be in register at one end with one of said ports of the valve casing and in registerat' its other end with the other valve hea of the valve casing'to a certain position within the latter, spring means urging said sec tions of the valve head radially outward, means for rotating the valve head about the axis of the valve casing, and packing means extending between saidgvalve head rotating means and he valve casing in flanking relation to the anges at the ends of the sections of said valvieheiad.

12. In a rbtary valve construction, a tubular valve casing, a hollow tubular member rotating therewith, said tubular casing having an annular groove in the inner wallthereof and said rotatable tubular member having agroove in its outer peripheral wall in concentric relation tothe first named groove, a packing ring partially received in the groove in the rotatable tubular mamher and extending into the groove in the inner wall of the valve casing, said valve casing and said rotatable member each having two diametrically opposite openings located adjacent to the plane of said grooves,

and radially expansible valve means abutting said rlng for controlling communication between the corresponding openings of port ofthe valve casing'when said has been rotated about the axis the valve casing and the rotatable tubular member. 7

13. In a rotary valve construction, a tubularvalve casing, a tubular member rotating therewith, said tubular casing having an annular groove in the inner wall thereof and said rotatable tubular member having a grooveiniit s outer peripheral wall. in concentric relation to the first named groove, a packing ring partiallyreceived 1n the groove in the rotatable tubular member and extendinginto the groove in the inner Wall of the valve casing, said valve casing and said rotatable member each having two diametrically opposite openings located adja cent to the plane of said grooves, radially cxpansible valve means abutting said ring for controlling communication between the corresponding openings of the valve casing and the rotatable tubular member, said ring having a lubricant receiving peripheral groove in the outer periphery thereof and having a passage extending radially inward from said groove partway through the ring and then laterally into communication with a groove in the radially expansible means for feeding lubricant from the peripheral groove to said expansible valve means,

14.. rotary valve for internal combustion engines comprising a hollow valve casing'extending across the upper end of a cylinder of an engine, said valve casing having two ports through its lower "part opening into the upper part of the cylinder and being in alincment longitudinally of the casing, said casing also having two ports through its upper part, the respective second named ports being diametrically oppov ite the corresponding ports in thelower part of the casing, and valve means comprising a carryinginember mounted to rotate in the valve casing about the longitudinal axis of the latter, and a pair of radially expansible hollow valve heads carried by carrying member, each inposition to" cooperate with the latter to control communication between diametrically opposite ports of the valve easinm- 15. A rotary valve for internal combuslion engines complisipg a hollow valve casing extending across thenupper end of a cylinder of an engine, said valve casing having two ports through its lower part opening into the upper part of the cylinder and beiug in alinement longitudinally of the easing, said casing also having two ports through its upper part. the respective second named ports being diametrically opposite the corresponding ports in the lower part of the casing, valve means comprising a carrying member mounted to rotate in the valve casing about the longitudinal axis of. the latter, a pair of radially eafpansible hollow valve heads carried by carrying member, eaclnin position to cooperate with the latter to control communication between diametrically opposite ports of the valve casing, said valve heads lying in planes extending diametrically through the casing in angular relation to each other.

16. A rotary valve for internal combustion engines comprising a hollow valve casing extending across the upper end of a cylinder 'of an engine, said valve casing having two ports thrpugh its lower part opening into the upper part of the cylinder and. being in alignment longitudinally of the casing, said casing also having two ports through its upper part, the respective second named ports being diametrically opposite the corresponding ports in the lower part of the casing, valve means comprising a carrying member mounted to rotate in the valve casing about the longitudinal axis of the latter, a pair of radially expansible hollow valve heads carried by carrying member, each'in position to cooperate with the latter to control communication between 'diametrically opposite ports of the valve casin said valve heads lying in planes extending diametrically through the casing in angular relation to each other, and packing rings arranged between the carrying member and the valve casing at opposite ends of the valve heads.

17. A rotary valve for internal combustion engines comprising a hollow valve cas ing extending across the upper end of a cylinder of an engine, said valve casing having two ports through its lower part opening into the upper part of therylinder and being in alignment longitudinally of the casing, said casing also having two ports through its upper part, the respective second named ports being diametrically opposite the corresponding ports in the lower part of the casing, valve means comprising a carrying member mounted to rotate in the valvecasing about the longitudinal axis of the latter, and a pair of radially expansible hollow valve heads carried by carrying member, each in position to cooperate with the latter to control communication between diametrically opposite ports of the valve CHRISTIAN CELSUS FOSS. DOUGLAS DEWEY DE LOAGH.