US1525945A - Automatic press - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 1o., 1925.

A. J. MATTER AUTOMATI' -PRE'ss Filed June 25, 1921 l 5 sheets-sheet `1 Feb. 10, I1925. 1,525,945 x A.- J. MATTER l AUTOMATIC PREss Filed June 25, 1921 5 She'etS- Shee't 2 @MM @y (QZM zx/ZM? www@ Feb, 10. 1925. i 1,525,945

A/.Jt MATTER AUTOMATIC RRESS Filed June 25, 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Feb .1o,1925. 1,525,945

' A. J. MATTER AUTOMATIC PRESS Filed June 25,' 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Feb.'10, 1925. 1,525,945 A. J. MATTER AUTOMATIC PRESS Filedmgpne 25, 1921 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented Feb. 10, 1925.

UNITED STATESy PATENT OFFICE.

ALBET J. MATTER, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNOR TO CHARLES F. ELMES ENGI- NEERING WORKS, O'F CHICAGO, ILLINOIS, A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

AUTOMATIC PRESS.

Application led June 25, 1921.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, ALBERT J. MATTER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in an Automatic Press, of which the following is a specification.v

This invention relates to presses, particularly to presses operated primarily by hydraulically transmitted power, and adapted for use in the manufacture of articles pressed from plastic or other material and is in part a continuation of my co-pending application Serial No. 427,674, filed December 2, 1920. l

The general object of the present invention is the provision of improvements in presses of the sort described whereby small presses may be adapted for the utilization of high pressures economically, and susceptible of rapid operation, to enable the manufacture of articles in quantities With efficiency.

A more particular object of the present invention is the improvements in the construction of presses of whereby they are qualified for operation in multiples or groups, With the object of reducing the amount of human labor required in their operation, as Well as effecting the conservation of mechanical power.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a press construction wherein individual units are operable in conjunction from common sources of power and other supply, the operations being controlled automatically so as to coordinate the various operations of the several units, and thereby secure uniformity in quality and rate of production.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a press especiallyadapted for the manufacture of articles in quantities by virtue of the fact that the dies are freely accessible for charging and discharging, and all cont-rolling and operating portions are out of the Way of the operator.

Another object of the invention is the provision of a press for the purpose de-4 scribed Which is adapted for the manufacture of articles of large size or area.

Another object is the provision of a press designed particularly for the utilization of high pressures, in which the operating powsuch type- Serial No. 480,324.

er is so controlled, automatically, as to prevent the subjection of operating parts thereto while in improper positions.

A further object is the provision of a press which is self-contained, in the sense that all operating and controlling portions are mounted in a unitary assembly, Whereby the proper relationships are maintained, so that the entire mechanism vmay be installed as a unit without requiring special fittings or adjustments.

Other and further objects of the invention will be pointed out hereinafter, indicated in the appended claims, or obvious to one skilled in the art upon an understanding of the present disclosure showing one embodiment of the invention. It is to be understood that the structure upon which the present disclosure is predicated is but one vof a great variety of forms in which the invention may be embodied, and it is therefore to be understood that it is ,presented for purpose of illustration, and is not to be construed as limiting the invention hereinafter claimed short of its full and true scope in the art. It is to be understood moreover that certain features of the structure contained in the present disclosure, but not claimed herein, constitute subject matter of my co-pending applicationfor rotary hydraulic press, Serial No. 427,67 4, filed December 2, 1920, and that failure to claim such features in this application is not to be construed as relinquishment thereof.

In the accompanying drawings forming a part of this specification,

Fig. 1 is a front elevation, partly in section, of a machine embodying my invention;

Fig. 2 is a. sectional view substantially on the line 2.-2 of Fig. 1, showing various elements of the lcontrol mechanism injplan; Fig. 3 is a right hand end elevation of the machine;

Fig. 4 is a detail in the nature of an elevation partly in section of the swing head operating mechanism; Fig. 5 is a detail in the nature of a fragmentary sectional elevation of the ram controlling mechanism;

Fig. 6'is a detail in the nature of a fragmentary side elevation of the ejector operating mechansm;

Fig. 7 is a detail in the nature of a fragmentary side elevation of the Huid control mechanism;

Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating the angular relationship of the control cams; and

Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating the timing` relationship of the same.

he nature o the improvements constitut- 1n my invention will be best understood by1 reerence to the drawings in detail, in whic the respective parts are identified by reference characters. Let it be lunderstood that the numeral 1 designates a suitable support-` ing frame for carrying the operating parts. Upon this frame are secured base members 2, two of the same being illustrated in the present disclosure, it being understood that any desired number vthereof may be utilized, depending upon the number of press units included in the assembly. These base members have lateral foot portions 4 in which are supported the frame-columns 5, between which foot portions said base members are formed hollow to provide the cylinders 6 for the press rams. Upon the columns are secured clamp collars 7 which support s acer collars 8 rotatably mounted on the eo umns. Top frame members 9 are mounted on the `upper portions of theA columns, spanning the intervals between the same, and nuts 10 sea-ted on the upper and lower ends of the columns hold the arts assembled in the -relationship specific maintaining the columns and.the parts carried L, thereon rigidly supported upon the base members 4. Mounted for reciprocation in the cylinders 6 are the ram pistons 11, with which are associated packing rings 12 held in place by glands 14. The rams have heads 15 upon which are mounted lower diev members 16. As illustrated in Fig. 2, theram heads preferably are formed with transverse -slots 15, and a diametrical ejector frame slot 15". As best seen in Figs. 2 and 3, the clam collars 7 carry rearwardly extending brac ets 17 in which brackets on eachv press is mounted a swing head sha-ft 18, an ejector lever shaft 19, and a spacer operating shaft 20. Upon thenwing head shaft of each unit 1s mounted the press swingv head 21 which, by rotation of shaft 18, may be swun to open position as illustrated in Fig. 3 an in the right hand unit illustrated in Fig. 1, or

to closed position as illustrated in the left hand unit shown in Fig. l. Each swing head carries a die member 23 designed for cooperation with the aassociated die member Up ntheerrdframe member 9 are formed" abutment shoulders 9, and the swing head 21 is provided with vabutment shoulders 21 designed to occupy positions below the shoulders 9a when the swingl head is in lowered position. The .spacer collars 8 carry spacer blocks 22 which, upon rotation of the spacer collars 8 upon'the columns 9, may be swun to occupy a position between and abutting the abutment shoulders unit in Fig. 1, or from between the abutment shoulders to a removed position as illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3.

The mechanism for operating the spacers is illustrated in Figs. 2 and 3, in whi h it will be seen that each spacer shaft 20 carries a straight cra-nkarm 24 and a bell crank, the latter having an upright curved arm 25 and a rearwardly extending arm 25a. Links 26 connect the upper extremities of the arms 24 and'25 with the respective spacer collars 8, the connection of each being made to a laterally extending lug 27 on the collar, so that the swinging of shaft 20 will operate to rotate the collars 8in unison and swing the spacer blocks 22 as above described. Spacer sh-aft 20 is rocked by the operation of spacer cam 28 u on an anti-friction roller 29 which is carried) on they rearwardly extending arm 25, the lifting of said arm by said cam being effective to swing the arms 24 and 25 forwardly and the spacer blocks rearwardly, while the lowering of arm 25a, which 1s effected by its spring 30, or other suitable means, is effective to cause the swingingof spacer blocks 22 forwardly to position between the abutment shoulders 9a and 21a.

Spacer cam 28 is operated as hereinafter described.

As is best illustrated in Fig. 4, each swing head 21 has conjoined to it 31, through which the swing head is actuated from a small pressure cylinder 32 in which operates a piston plunger 34 carrying a rack 35 having meshing cooperation with the gear 431. The admission of pressure fluid to the cylinder 32 is effected through a pressure line 36 under control of a control valve 37. This valve, which may be of the type illustrated in the patent to Slater, N o. 1,143,236, granted June 15, 1915, is operated by means of a bell crank lever 38 pivoted on a bracket 39 and actuated by the swine head cam 4.0. Upon admission of pressure inder-32, the plunger 34 is projected, swinging the swing head to its elevated position. Upon relief of pressure from cylinder 32, the swing head is swung down to its lowered position under the infiuence of gravity and the quick action of pull-back spring 41 exerted through p-ull-back rod 42 which is connected at its upper end to the segmental-gear 31. This lowering movement of the swing head is buffered by the resist-ance offered to the plunger 34 by pressure fluid in cylinder 32, lncident to the expulsion of saidfluid through line 36 and valve 37, and lateral stop members 21b on the swing head are adapted to contact the Vupper surface of the collars 7 to limit the downward movement of the head.

The mechanism for controlling operation 21n and 9a, as illustrated in the left hand a segmental gear liuid to the cylqthe thrust from the of the press ram 11 is best illustrated in Figs. 2 and 5. A pressure line 44 affords a means of access of pressure fluid to the. ram cylinder 6. The supply of pressure fluid to the line 44 from main pressure lline A is through a control valve 45, which may be similar to control valve 37, and a safety valve 46. Control valve 45 is operated by means of a bell crank lever 47 pivoted on a bracket 48 and operated by ram control cam 49. Safety valve 46 is supplied as an interlocking control between the spacer block operating mechanism and rthe ram control means. The safety valve 46 is operated from spacer shaft 20 through the instrumentality of a crank arm`50 mounted on said shaft and a link 51 having an operating connection with the stem of the valve through rod 52 and lever 53. The arrangement is such that the rocking of shaft 2O to retract the spacer blocks 22 results in the opening of the safety valve 46 to place line 44 in communication with a by-pass 43 leading to the exhaust line B. This is effective to prevent raising of the ram before the spacer blocks are in' position to take swing head 21. When spacer block shaft 20 is swung Ito placethe spacer blocks in effective position, however, the linkage between said shaft and lever 53 permits weight 54 to seat the valve, thereby rendering pressure fluid passed through control valve 45 effective to operate the ram.

When control valve 45 is positioned to permit exhaust of pressure fluid from cylinder 6 to exhaust line B, discharge of pressure fluid from cylinder 6 takes place incident to the return of the ram under influence of gravity 4and of ram pull-back spring 55 exerted through ram pull-back rod 56. Means for opening safety valve 46 is pro-- vided in treadle 80 pivoted at 81 and connected by rod 82 with lever 53. The opera.- tor by depression of treadle 80 may inhibit operationof ram 11 at any time.

It is understood that the die. members 16 and 22 may be of any proper construction to 'sustain the intended pressures, and of the requisite form to mold lthe desired article or articles. In the manufacture of 'articles from plastic material, it may be desirable to subject the article while under the forming pressure, tocertain modifying or curing influence, such as from heating and cooling. To accomplish this the die members may be provided with circulating passages p through which heating and cooling fluids may be circulated to effect heat exchange with the die membersl and the material in the die matrix. Means for affording supply of such fluids is afforded by the supply lines C and D from which fluids may be conducted to the circulating passages of the die members through connecting lines 58 and 59, as illustrated in Fig. 7, it being SOI understood that saidv connecting lines, as well as suitable lines for permitting exhaust of the treating fluids from the die members, are provided' with proper flexible joints to accommodate fthe movements" of said die members incident to the operation of the swinging head and the press ram. The sup-ply of treating fluids from lines C and D to thev die members is controlled by suitable valves 60 and 63, each pair of which valves is operated by a fluid controlcam 61 rendered effective through lever 62 and link 64. Lifting of the lever 62 by the cam 61 will be effective to open one of said valves and close the other, permitting the continuous supply of fluid from one of the 'lines to the die members; while lowering of the Ilever 62 will close the first mentioned valve and open the other, so as to ladmit the other fluid to the die members. ,The period during which such supply of fluid may be continued is determined by the angular extent of the high and low margins of the controlling cam, and in. order to permit variation o-f such period, IV construct these cams with adjustable portions 61a, whereby the angular extenit of the high margin may be A die member by a post 66 operated in a central passage in the die member. In the ldiametrical slot 15b of the head member 15 is ejector frame 67 susceptible of reciprocating movement vertically and having a c entral post 67a guided in the central passage of the die member for cooperation with the post 66 of the ejector table. On ejector shaft 19 are mounted ejector arms 68 one of which extends forwardly at each side of the head 15 and lies below the laterally protruding end of the ejector frame 67, where said arms carry adjustable contact posts 69 arranged for cooperation with the end portions of the frame 67, so that said frame .of the die matrix, and is guided in the lower swung upwardly. One of said ejector arms constitutes one arm'of a bell crank lever, the.

other arm 7 0 of which depends behind the base member 2 and carries at its lower end an anti-friction roller 71 adapted for cooperation witlb the ejector cam 72. Operation of the lcam is effective to rock ejector shaft 19 to raise and lower the forward ends of ejector arms 68, thus raising and lowering ejector frame 67. After ejector frame is raised, its post 67a is brought into cooperation with` post 66 of the ejector table, that when die 16 is lowered, the latten is held raised to eject the press article out of the matrix of the lowerdie member. Upon thelowering of the forward "ends of the ejector arms, the ejector frame 67 and table '65 are returned to tions.

The operation of the various mechanisms above described is accomplished through the instrumentality of the control shaft 75 journalled in bearings 76 which are supported on the base 1. This shaft is of sufficient length to carry the several operating cams which are effective upon the several press units comprised in the assembly. Control shaft 75 is driven from a suitable source, preferably a small motor 77, mounted 011 the frame 1, and having its armature shaft operably connected'to shaft 75 through suitable reduction gearing which may include a wo-rm 78 and a pinion 79, the latter mounted upon the shaft 75., Mounted upon the control shaft 75 are the several control cams, comprising. ejector cams 72, press control cams 49, fiuid control cams G1, swing head control cams 4) and spacer control cams 28. The angular relationship for a set of these cams their lower posifor a press unit is diagrammatically illustrated in Fig. 8, and it will be understood that the sets of similar .cams for the other press unit or units may lhave the respective cams of the set arranged in similar relationship but with the set as a whole disposed at a different angular relationship on shaft 75. In the duplex press illustrated, the two sets of cams are disposed at an angular relationship of 180e, as is shown in the relationship of the cams 28 in Fig. 3.

In the operation of the machine, the desired hydraulic pressure being maintained on the main A, and a'supply of the desired fluids, such as steam and cold water, being maintained in the mains tively, complete control of all'the functions is exercised through control shaft 75. This shaft being .rotated at a desired speed by motor 77, a cycle of operations of one of the press units, as may be determined from inspection of F ig. 9, is as follows: Starting at the instant represented on the diagram by the symbol X, the press member is in its open position, the spacer blocks are back, the swing head up, the ress ram down, the steam valve open an the water valve closed, in which position of the press a charge of material has been placed in the matrix of the lower die member. As the roller of lever 38 drops into the dwell of cam 4C', pressure is relieved from cylinder 32 and the swing` head is lowered. At approximately theIv same time fluid control cam 61 becomes effective to lower lever 62 and admit Water to the circulating passages of the die members, and shortly thereafter cam 28 becomes effective on lever 25a to swing spacer blocks 22 to position between the abutment shoulders 91 and 21a. Press control cam 49 then becomes effective on lever 47 to open valve 46, admitting pressure fluid to cylinder 6, and raising the ram and lower die member to compress the charge of. material in the die matrix.- The heated die members are cooled after this operation, by the continued circulation of water through them to set the article. lVhile the press is stillclosed, ejector cam 72 becomes effective upon roller 71 to rock ejector shaft 19, raising ejector frame 67 so as to bring its post 67a .into cooperation with post 66 of the ejecting table, but not t-o lif't the latter. When the roller of lever 4T rides into the dwell of' cam 49, ralve 45 is operated to exhaust pressure from cylinder v6, whereupon ram 11 is lowered by the pressure of pull-back spring 55. At about the same time spacer cam 28 be- Icomes effective upon roller 29 to rock shaft 20, swinging arms 24 and 25 forwardly and swinging spacer blocks 22 rearwardly. As the press ram with lower die member 16 falls, ejector arms 68Vbeing retained in their raised position, ejector frame 67 with its post 67 is effective to hold ejector table 65 against lowering with die member 16, with the result that the pressed article is sup ported on the table while lower die member 16 is withdrawn from it. After spacer blocks 22 have been swung back, swing head cam 40 becomes effective upon valve 37 to admit pressure fluid to cylinder 32, which projects plunger 34 and swin the swing head to its raised position. hortly after the swing head is raised, roller 71 rides into the dwell of cam 72, permitting the lowering of' ejectorframe 67 and table 65 by gravity and pressure of springs 73, so that the lower die member is ready for reception of a new charge of material. At about the same time the rollerV on lever 62 rides onto the high part of cam 61, cutting off the supply of cooling fluid from the die members, and admitting steam to them. This circulation of heating fiuid through the die members raises their temperature in preparation for a new charge, the press meanwhile remaining open. Due to the relationshi on control shaft 75 of the sets'of cams which control the respective presses, these operations of the respective presses are coordinated at desired intervals. Due to the fact that a press is open for the removal of a pressed article and refilling the time comprised in the full cycle of its operation, a single operator may attend to A the charging and discharging of a plurality of' presses, with convenience and certainty. The speed of operation is controlled absolutely by the control shaft, and while the speed of said shaft may be varied over a considerable range, the proper time relationship is mainta'ned for each of the several functions, and the proper coordination between the different press units in the group. The machine is thus automatic under all conditions of operation, obviating the sepduring but a small proportion of arate control of power, Huid and other supply. Because of .this completely automatic control of the mechanism, high efficiency in production of the pressed articles is attained, due to the speed and continuity with which the machine may be operated, thus obtaining a constantand rapid output, and the accurate timing and control of all operations to which the material operated upon is subjected, thus securing uniformity in the product.'

A distinct advantage contributed b v features of the present invention resides in the fact that they provide a press construction adapted to facilitate charging and discharging without requiring removal of the dies from the press. In addition to affording a wide range of utility for the machine, these characteristics minimize cost of maintenance, eliminate the necessity for supplemental installations commonly required in connection with the operation of large presses, and permit the utilization of the machines with a minimum of human labor. From the manufacturing standpoint, the features of the present mechanism are of advantage from 'the circumstance that the same design of machine may be adapted to a great variety ofA different special uses simply by the necessary change in the form of the die members and the control cams. Another material advantage contributed by features constituting the present invention resides in the fact that the front of the press is absolutely clear of all control mechanisms and operating connections. This permits the operator working close to the press without danger from such parts, facilitates rapid charging and discharging of the press, and allows the manufacture and handling of produced articles of maximum size and area, asthe entire clearance space between the frame columns is accessible and available for the dies. The arrangement also facilitates the installation of the press, the only necessary external conections being those requisite to join the con rol valves to the respective supply lines, and the motor to the ower line.

I claim:

1. In a press the combination of a frame, a swinging head member, a movable spacer member adapted to transmit pressure from said head to said frame, a ram movably mounted on the frame and adapted to impose pressure upon the head, cooperating die members carried by said ram and head, a control shaft, means for driving said shaft continuously, and means actuated by Said shaft for effecting operation of said ram, head and spacer members.

2. Ina press, the combination of a swinging head member, a reciprocating ram member, cooperating die members carried by said head and ram members, an ejector associated with said die members, a control shaft, means for driving said control shaft, and means actuated by said control shaft for effecting operation of said head and ram members and said ejector.

3. In a machine of the class described, the combination of a plurality of press units, each including cooperating die members, separately actuatedv pressure members associated with the die members respectively, liuid control means for accomplishing supply of fluid to the respective die members, ejecting mechanism associated with the die members of the respective press units, a control shaft, means for actuating the control shaft continuously, and means operated by the control shaft for controlling operat-ion of the pressure `members, fluid control means and ejecting mechanism of the several press units.

4. In a press the combination of a hydraulically operated pressure member, a movable head member adapted for cooperation therewith, a movable'pressure sustaining member for supporting the head member against pressure from the pressure member, means for moving said pressure sustaining member to permit movement of the head member, means timed with said last mentioned means for transmitting operating pressure to the pressure member, and interlocking means associated therewith andI with the pressure sustaining member to prevent actuation of the pressure member when the pressure sustaining member is out of effective position relative to the head member.

5. In a press, the combination of a frame, a movable head member, a spacer member for transmitting pressure from the latter to the frame, a pressure member operable to impress pressure upon the head member, constantly operated means for effecting operation of said spacer member, pressure member and head member, and interlocking means associated with the pressure member and spacer member to prevent operation of the former when the latter is out of effective v position.

6. In a ress, the combination of a frame, a swing ead mounted thereon, a spacer member mounted on the frame and adapted to transmit pressure thereto from said head, mechanism for transmitting movement Vto the head, mechanism for transmitting movement to the spacer member, a control shaft, means for actuating the same continuously, and means actuated by said shaft for controlling operation of said mechanisms.

7. In a press the combination of cooperating die members, pressure members supporting the die members, power means 0perable by fluid pressurey for actuatin one of said pressure members, an indepen ently actuated control shaft for effecting operation of said means, and manually actuated means edective at any time in the operation of the press to render the power means inedective upon such pressure member.

- y8. lin a press the combination of cooperating die members, a movable pressure member for operating one of said die members,

power means for impressing fluid pressure upon said pressure member to actuate said die member, continuously operating control means e'ective to accomplish operation of the power means at predetermined intervals, and means operable independently of the control means to render the power means ineffective to operate the pressure member.

9. ln a hydraulic press the combination of a pressure cylinder, a ram operable therein, a supply line for conducting pressure fluid to the cylinder, control means for vgoverning Supply of pressure Huid to the to operate said pressure member, and meansA operable with said pressure sustaining member effective to permit exhaust of ypressure fluid from the cylinder.

11. In an automatic press the combination of cooperatin die members, a removable pressure mem er for .positioning one of said die members, a movable head member for positioningI the other die member, means for operating said pressure member by fluid pressure, a mechanically operated control member effective to accompllsh operation of .said head member and pressure member at predetermined intervals, and manually operated means effective to prevent operation of the pressure member independentl of operation of the control member and head member.

12. In an automatic press the combination of cooperating die members, a movable head member for positioning one thereof, a movv able pressure member for actuating the other die member, power means for o erating said head and pressure members y. hydraulic pressure, a continuously actuated control member for timing operation of said head member and pressure member, and manually operable means eective to prevent complete operation of the ressure member by the power means wh e of the `head memberv permitting 'operation nemers i3. ln a press, a combination comprising a frame, a press member operable for reciprocating movement therein, a press member mounted for oscillatory movement in the frame, cooperating die members carried by said press members, operating means for actuating said press members, a spacer member cooperating with the frame and oscillatory press member and movable to permit oscillatory movement Aof the latter, and means operating in timed relationship with said operating means for moving said spacer member. 14. ln apparatus of the class described, a combination comprising a frame, relatively movable press members mounted thereon, cooperating die portions carried by the press members, actuating means for moving the press members, movable spacers arranged to support pressure between a press member and the frame, and means for moving said spacers and timing `the actuating means.

15. ln apparatus ofthe class described, a, combination comprising a frame, a reciprocating lower press member, a swinging upper press member, cooperating die portions carried by said press members, a spacer cooperating with the upper press member and frame, and means for automatically accomplishing relative movements of the lower press member, upper press member and spacer in predetermined sequence.

16. In apparatus o'the class described, the combination of a lower press member, an upper press member, cooperating dies carried by said members, means for reciprocating the lower press member, ejector members movably mounted on the lower press member, a carrier for supporting said ejector' members to permit movement of the lower pressand die members relative thereto and means for moving said carrier to permit retraction of the ejector members.

17. In apparatus of the class described, a combination comprising a frame, a press member mounted thereon for advancing and recessive movement, a cooperating press member mounted on the frame to receive pressure from advancing movement of the first mentioned press member, said press members including cooperating die portions, ejector members constituting parto-f the die portions on the first mentioned press member, means for actuating said press member, av carrier for supporting the ejector members to permit recessive movement of the press member relative thereto and means for moving the carrier to effective and ineffective positions. y

18. In a press a combination a pressure supporting member, ber movable toward and from operating die portions carried comprising a press memthe same, co-

by said members, movable ejector members on the movf able press member and cooperating with said dies, movable carriers for governing position of said ejector members, and means for positioning said carriers.

19. In a press structure the combination of a base frame, columns mounted thereon, said base frame being formed between said columns to aord a vpressure cylinder, a piston operably mounted in said cylinder, a press member pivotally supported on said column members, and cooperating die members carried by said press member and piston.

20. In apparatus of the class described, a combination comprising a` frame, relatively movable press members mounted thereon, spacers movably mounted on the frame vfor engagement' between a` press member and the frame to transmit pressure from the former to the latter, and means for moving said spacers clear of saidpress member to permit movement thereof relative to the frame.

21. Press construction comprising oppositely disposed end frame members, side frame members connecting them, a reciprocating press member mounted on one of the end frame members, an oscillatory press member supported on the side frame members, spacer members movably mounted on the side frame members and movable to and 'from position between the oscillatory press member and end frame member, and means for actuating the spacer members and press members.

22. In press construction, upper ,and lower end frame members, columns connecting the former to the latter, a reciprocatory press member mounted on the lower frame member, an oscillatory press member supported on the columns, spacer members mounted on the columns and adapted to form struts between the oscillatory press member and the upper frame member, and means for moving the press members and spacer members.

23. In press construction, a frame, a press member mounted for oscillatory movement thereon, a spacer member mounted on the frame for movement to position to revent movement of the press member, an means for actuating the press member and spacer.

In testimony whereof I lhave hereunto signed my' name.

ALBERT J. MATTER.

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